Search results for "erosion"

Effects of soil management techniques on soil water erosion in apricot orchards.

2016

Soil erosion is extreme in Mediterranean orchards due to management impact, high rainfall intensities, steep slopes and erodible parent material. Vall d'Albaida is a traditional fruit production area which, due to the Mediterranean climate and marly soils, produces sweet fruits. However, these highly productive soils are left bare under the prevailing land management and marly soils are vulnerable to soil water erosion when left bare. In this paper we study the impact of different agricultural land management strategies on soil properties (bulk density, soil organic matter, soil moisture), soil water erosion and runoff, by means of simulated rainfall experiments and soil analyses. Three rep…

Corrigendum to “Assessing the performance of GIS- based machine learning models with different accuracy measures for determining susceptibility to gu…

2020

Runoff initiation, soil detachment and connectivity are enhanced as a consequence of vineyards plantations.

2017

[EN] Rainfall-induced soil erosion is a major threat, especially in agricultural soils. In the Mediterranean belt, vineyards are affected by high soil loss rates, leading to land degradation. Plantation of new vines is carried out after deep ploughing, use of heavy machinery, wheel traffic, and trampling. Those works result in soil physical properties changes and contribute to enhanced runoff rates and increased soil erosion rates. The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of the plantation of vineyards on soil hydrological and erosional response under low frequency - high magnitude rainfall events, the ones that under the Mediterranean climatic conditions trigger extreme soil ero…

An economic, perception and biophysical approach to the use of oat straw as mulch in Mediterranean rainfed agriculture land

2017

[EN] Soil erosion is a key cause of land degradation in agriculture lands; and it is a worldwide threat that must be solved by means of nature-based strategies to be able to achieve sustainability. The use of mulches can be a solution, but there is a lack of information on long-term effects of the use of straw. Furthermore, little is known about the perception of farmers and the economic cost on the implantation of straw as a conservation measure. Eight paired plots were selected in Sierra de Enguera on an agriculture field to determine the effect of straw cover on soil erosion. Four plots were tilled three times per year (Control) and four plots were not ploughed and 0.125 kg m(-2) y(-1) o…

Quantitative comparison of initial soil erosion processes and runoff generation in Spanish and German vineyards.

2016

The aim of this study was to enable a quantitative comparison of initial soil erosion processes in European vineyards using the same methodology and equipment. The study was conducted in four viticultural areas with different characteristics (Valencia and Málaga in Spain, Ruwer-Mosel valley and Saar-Mosel valley in Germany). Old and young vineyards, with conventional and ecological planting and management systems were compared. The same portable rainfall simulator with identical rainfall intensity (40 mm h− 1) and sampling intervals (30 min of test duration, collecting the samples at 5-min-intervals) was used over a circular test plot with 0.28 m2. The results of 83 simulations have been an…

Contribution of raindrop impact to the change of soil physical properties and water erosion under semi-arid rainfalls

2017

Soil erosion by water is a three-phase process that consists of detachment of soil particles from the soil mass, transportation of detached particles either by raindrop impact or surface water flow, and sedimentation. Detachment by raindrops is a key component of the soil erosion process. However, little information is available on the role of raindrop impact on soil losses in the semi-arid regions where vegetation cover is often poor and does not protect the soil from rainfall. The objective of this study is to determine the contribution of raindrop impact to changes in soil physical properties and soil losses in a semiarid weakly-aggregated agricultural soil. Soil losses were measured und…

Evaluation of multi-hazard map produced using MaxEnt machine learning technique.

2021

Abstract Natural hazards are diverse and uneven in time and space, therefore, understanding its complexity is key to save human lives and conserve natural ecosystems. Reducing the outputs obtained after each modelling analysis is key to present the results for stakeholders, land managers and policymakers. So, the main goal of this survey was to present a method to synthesize three natural hazards in one multi-hazard map and its evaluation for hazard management and land use planning. To test this methodology, we took as study area the Gorganrood Watershed, located in the Golestan Province (Iran). First, an inventory map of three different types of hazards including flood, landslides, and gul…

Regional analysis of soil erodibility in Sicily

2007

MISURA DELL’ERODIBILITA’ DEL SUOLO NELLE PARCELLE SPERIMENTALI DI SPARACIA, IN SICILIA

2010

Nell’indagine è stata effettuata una determinazione sperimentale del fattore di erodibilità del suolo, K, della USLE basata sulle misure effettuate nel suolo argilloso di Sparacia. Il valore medio annuo del suddetto fattore, misurato su parcelle di lunghezza, , comprese tra 11 e 44 m, è risultato decrescente con . La stima indiretta del fattore di erodibilità è risultata del 46% inferiore rispetto alla misura effettuata nella parcella di riferimento, lunga cioè 22 m, e si è attestata su un valore intermedio tra le misure di K ottenute nelle parcelle di 33 e 44 m. Un simile effetto di scala è stato riconosciuto anche con riferimento ai valori annui e a quelli stagionali del fattore di erod…

Reversing land degradation through grasses: a systematic meta-analysis in the Indian tropics

2017

Abstract. Although intensive agriculture is necessary to sustain the world's growing population, accelerated soil erosion contributes to a decrease in the environmental health of ecosystems at local, regional and global scales. Reversing the process of land degradation using vegetative measures is of utmost importance in such ecosystems. The present study critically analyzes the effect of grasses in reversing the process of land degradation using a systematic review. The collected information was segregated under three different land use and land management situations. Meta-analysis was applied to test the hypothesis that the use of grasses reduces runoff and soil erosion. The effect of gra…