Search results for "estonian"

Estonian Community Houses as Local Tools for the Development of Estonian Cultural Policy

2013

The sovietization of Estonian community houses (Rahvamaja): Soviet guidelines

2014

Estonian Community houses were built in towns and the countryside by local people, who joined cultural and other societies since the second half of the 19th century. These cultural centers supported the process of Estonian state building. During the years of the first Estonian independent state (1918–1940), the network of community houses was set up by the state. After the invasion of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union in 1940, extensive restructuring or sovietization of the Estonian public administration, economy and culture, began. The article examines the sovietization process of Estonian community houses, i.e., how they were turned into the ideological tools of Soviet totalitarian pr…

Mutual Trust between Kindergarten Teachers and Mothers and its Associations with Family Characteristics in Estonia and Finland

2011

Mutual trust between mothers and kindergarten teachers along with its relation to mother’s educational level and child’s gender was studied in two neighboring countries—Estonia and Finland. From Estonia 543 ratings of mothers and 232 ratings of teachers were collected, and, from Finland, 712 ratings of mothers and 712 ratings of teachers. Trust was assessed with shortened questionnaires based on the Trust scale. More Finnish than Estonian mothers reported a higher level of trust towards the teacher while no significant difference was found for teachers. The associations between the level of mothers’ and teachers’ trust and mother’s education were different in each country.

Comparative Analysis of Terminology and Alternative Financing Types on the Example of Estonia

2021

Alternative financing has gained great popularity since new market players appeared to offer new types of financing in Estonia as well as in other countries of the world. The extent of the alternative financing penetration across the population in Estonia was second highest in European countries after the United Kingdom, in 2016. In recent years, the Estonian market of alternative financing has grown and transformed, taking different complicated forms. The research therefore reveals major types of financing process of the licensed alternative financing providers of Estonia, highlighting its crucial elements, namely, possessors of funds, legal status of fundraising originators and addressees…

READING COMPETENCE AND ENGAGEMENT OF LATVIAN STUDENTS IN THE VIEW OF OECD PISA 2018 RESULTS

2020

Students' reading competence determines the achievements of learners in all areas of school education as well as in their further education, professional activity and life. The results of the OECD Program for International Student Assessment - OECD PISA 2018 confirm the need to improve reading competence in Latvia (OECD, 2019).The aim of the study is to analyze the achievement of Latvia's fifteen-year-old students in OECD PISA 2018 and the previous international program cycles in relation to students' reading engagement and its changes. Reading engagement significantly influences not only students' reading competence but are in themselves one of the goals of modern education (Guthrie & …

Languages in Higher Education in Estonia and Latvia: Language Practices and Attitudes

2018

The institutions of higher education in Estonia and Latvia mainly function in the official languages of the countries, Estonian and Latvian. Yet, as in many places elsewhere the international nature of tertiary education has brought these languages into contact with others, mainly English. In addition, Russian is used in higher education in both countries. By analysing language practices and attitudes in higher education comparatively in Estonia and Latvia, the chapter reveals some of the purposes for which different languages are used in academia, and casts light on attitudes that students elicit towards the use of those languages. The results of the analysis indicate that while the overal…

Key Information Systems Management Issues in Estonia for the 2000s and A Comparative Analysis

2006

AbstractThis study reports key information system (IS) management issues in Estonia, for a second time since 1993. The study enlists the views of knowledgeable practitioners from both the information technology (IT) and non-IT (business managers) fields. The primary objective was to compare and contrast the findings in the previous study with the present effort. Other secondary objectives included investigating the views across professional classifications and sectors. Further, a comparison between Estonia (an emerging economy) and Norway (a developed country) was made. The findings of the study indicate the following: 1) the past decade has produced salient changes in the ranking of key IS…

Ensikielen tunnistamisen merkityksestä suullisen kielitaidon arvioinnissa Yleisissä kielitutkinnoissa

2020

In this paper, we present a multidisciplinary study addressing fairness in the speaking test in a high-stakes language proficiency test in Finnish, National Certificates of Language Proficiency. The background of the research lies in studies on language assessment and (reversal) linguistic stereotyping and language attitudes. The focus L1 groups were Thai, Estonian, Finland Swedish, Arabic and Russian. Altogether 49 speech samples of test takers of these L1s were rated on a digital platform by 44 raters of the test system. The current paper reports on the sub-study that investigated whether the raters’ recognition of the test takers’ L1 affected their ratings and whether the effect differed…

Determinants of inter-regional migration in the Baltic countries

2003

We show that Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania despite small geographical size feature considerable and persistent regional disparities. Registered migration rates have declined dramatically since the last years of Soviet era, yet they are high by international standards. Evidence from regional inflows and outflows in Latvia and from Estonian labour force survey is used to show that regional unemployment and especially wage differentials, as well as demographic factors, have a significant impact both on gross and net migration flows. Age and education effects are consistent with predictions of the human capital model of migration. Unemployed persons, as well as commuters between regions, are si…

Locked in Inferiority? : The Positions of Estonian Construction Workers in the Finnish Migrant Labour Regime

2016

Abstract The aim of this article is to analyse how different policies and actors have structured the current migrant labour regime in the Finnish construction sector and to discuss the consequences for migrants. Our study shows that a strong industrial relations system such as in Finland is able to curb the posting of workers regime (the most disadvantageous for migrant workers). The position of labour migrants has become more diverse in the segmented labour market, although it remains inferior compared to that of the natives. Consideration of the policy development revolving around the changing migrant labour regimes constitutes the first part of the analysis and is based on government and…