Search results for "etiikka"
showing 10 items of 633 documents
Eettiset ongelmat massadatan ja tiedonlouhinnan hyödyntämisessä
2016
Niin julkiset kuin yksityisetkin organisaatiot keräävät ja hyödyntävät yhä enemmän dataa osana toimintaansa. Big data eli massadata on keskeinen teknologia suurten datamäärien hallitsemiseksi. Massadataa analysoidaan puolestaan usein tiedonlouhinnan menetelmin. Molempien innovaatioiden suosio on kasvanut trendinomaisesti ja niiden käytön ennustetaan yleistyvän jatkossakin. Massadataa ja tiedonlouhintaa on hyödynnetty myös arveluttaviin tarkoituksiin. Julkisuudessa on ollut esillä tapauksia, joissa yritykset ovat kohdentaneet markkinointiaan selvittämällä arkaluonteista tietoa asiakkaistaan. Tämä yhdistettynä ajatukseen uusiin teknologioihin liittyvistä käytäntötyhjiöistä toimii motiivina ai…
Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales
2022
Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales. We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales. At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phyloge…
Doping and Moral Disapprovals
2020
This paper explores variance in how people morally disapprove wrongs related to doping. The variance may pertain to what type of moral disapproval a person uses or to what they disapprove of. Our exploration is both conceptual and empirical. Conceptually, we distinguish between four types of moral disapprovals that we call blame, judging blameworthy, condemnation and sadness. We elaborate these four moral phenomena through a conceptual scheme that we call the matrix of moral disapprovals. The matrix is the central conceptual innovation of our paper. It depicts how the four moral disapprovals relate to each other and characterises their typical instances. In the empirical part of the paper, …
Genetic and environmental effects on body mass index during adolescence: a prospective study among Finnish twins
2009
Objective: To study genetic and environmental factors affecting body mass index (BMI) and BMI phenotypic correlations across adolescence. Design: Prospective, population-based, twin cohort study. Participants and methods: We used twin modeling in 2413 monozygotic and same-sex and opposite-sex dizygotic Finnish twin pairs born in 1983–1987 and assessed using self-report questionnaires at 11–12, 14 and 17 years of age. Results: Heritability of BMI was estimated to be 0.58–0.69 among 11–12- and 14-year-old boys and girls, 0.83 among 17-year-old boys and 0.74 among 17-year-old girls. Common environmental effects shared by siblings were 0.15–0.24 among 11–12- and 14-year-old boys and girls but n…
A new approach to stress of conscience's dimensionality : Hindrance and violation stressors and their role in experiencing burnout and turnover inten…
2023
Aims To identify a valid, longitudinally invariant factor model for stress of conscience and to investigate how stress of conscience dimensions associate with burnout and turnover intentions. Background There has been a lack of consensus about the number and content of stress of conscience dimensions, and a lack of longitudinal studies on its development and outcomes. Design A longitudinal, person-centred survey study using the STROBE checklist. Methods Healthcare personnel (n = 306) rated their stress of conscience in 2019 and 2021. Longitudinal latent profile analysis was used to identify different subgroups based on the employees' experiences. These subgroups were then compared in terms …
The development of children's language and ethical media competences and media skills
2015
The children's developing media competences and media skills are evaluated in this article on the basis of the evaluation indicator developed by Hautaviita (2012). The indicator has been developed for measuring the 6–9-year-old children's (the preschoolers and the pupils in grades 1-2) media competences. In it, the children's developing media skills are divided into practical, social, language and ethical media competences, of which this article concentrates on the last two, language and ethical media competences. The research material has been collected by observing sixteen Finnish children closely for a year. In this article, we aim to describe the development of these media competences a…
Rinse, Repeat. Paratextual Poetics of Literary Twitter Collage Retweeted
2019
This essay studies what happens to the poetics of a text that was first written on or for a certain internet platform when it is later copy-pasted to a different literary medium – that of an edited and printed book. The main target of the discussion is Finnish author Karri Kokko’s conceptual literary work Retweeted (2016), a print-on-demand book, the roots of which are firmly in both the traditions of print media and the digital interfaces of the social media platform Twitter. The analysis pays close attention to the medial qualities of both Twitter and the conceptual novel that draws material from it. The essay aims to highlight the poetic qualities of the material produced and circulated …
The Lord’s Resistance Army and the arms that brought the Lord : amplifying polyphonic silences in northern Uganda
2019
This article develops the notion of polyphonic silence as a means for thinking through the ethical and political ramifications of ethnographically encountering and writing about silenced violent pasts. To do so, it analyses and contrasts the silence surrounding two periods of extreme violence in northern Uganda: 1) the northern Ugandan war (1986–2006), which is contemporarily often shrouded by silence, and 2) the early decades of colonial and missionary expansion, which the Catholic church silences in its commemoration of the death of two Acholi catechists in 1918. Employing the notion of polyphony, the article describes how neither of these silences is a mere absence of narration. Instead,…
Ethical issues in topical computer vision applications
2017
Computer vision is a research area that contains multiple methods to approach numerous visual problems. In the past decade, it has been rapidly evolving with the introduction of many new technologies and applications that utilize different computer vision techniques. The purpose of this study is to identify the ethical issues that concern recent trending computer vision applications and their tasks. This was done by conducting an integrative literature review and synthesizing various studies that have been conducted on the different applications of computer vision and their ethical issues. The result was a synthesized framework of different ethics themes that relate to the different areas o…