Search results for "event"

showing 10 items of 4065 documents

Key Contributions to the Cross Section of NAND Flash Memories Irradiated With Heavy Ions

2008

Heavy-ion irradiation of NAND flash memories under operating conditions leads to errors with complex, data-dependent signatures. We present upsets due to hits in the floating gate array and in the peripheral circuitry, discussing their peculiarities in terms of pattern dependence and annealing. We also illustrate single event functional interruptions, which lead to errors during erase and program operations. To account for all the phenomena we observe during and after irradiation, we propose an ldquoeffective cross section,rdquo which takes into account the array and peripheral circuitry contributions to the SEU sensitivity, as well as the operating conditions.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESNAND FlashNAND gateHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYsingle event effectsHeavy ion irradiationradiation effects; single event effects; Floating gate memories; NAND FlashIonNuclear Energy and EngineeringGate arrayFloating gate memoriesradiation effectsElectronic engineeringIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
researchProduct

Elliptic flow from event-by-event hydrodynamics with fluctuating initial state

2011

We develop an event-by-event ideal hydrodynamical framework where initial state density fluctuations are present and where we use a similar flow-analysis method as in the experiments to make a one-to-one $v_2$ comparison with the measured data. Our studies also show that the participant plane is quite a good approximation for the event plane.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsIdeal (set theory)Nuclear Theoryta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPlane (geometry)Event (relativity)Elliptic flowFOS: Physical sciencesState (functional analysis)01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)State density0103 physical sciencesStatistical physics010306 general physicsNuclear theory
researchProduct

Event shapes and jet rates in electron-positron annihilation at NNLO

2009

This article gives the perturbative NNLO results for the most commonly used event shape variables associated to three-jet events in electron-positron annihilation: Thrust, heavy jet mass, wide jet broadening, total jet broadening, C parameter and the Durham three-to-two jet transition variable. In addition the NNLO results for the jet rates corresponding to the Durham, Geneva, Jade-E0 and Cambridge jet algorithms are presented.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsJet (fluid)Particle physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)AnnihilationElectron–positron annihilationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesThrustHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentEvent (particle physics)
researchProduct

Event-by-event distributions of azimuthal asymmetries in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions

2012

Relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics is a common tool to describe the space-time evolution of the strongly interacting matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. For a proper comparison to experimental data, fluid-dynamical calculations have to be performed on an event-by-event basis. Therefore, fluid dynamics should be able to reproduce, not only the event-averaged momentum anisotropies, $$, but also their distributions. In this paper, we investigate the event-by-event distributions of the initial-state and momentum anisotropies $\epsilon_n$ and $v_n$, and their correlations. We demonstrate that the event-by-event distributions of relative $v_n$ fluctuations are almost eq…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNuclear Theoryta114FOS: Physical sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)MomentumViscosityQuantum electrodynamicsQuark–gluon plasmaDissipative systemFluid dynamicsBoundary value problemAnisotropyEvent (particle physics)Physical Review C
researchProduct

Effect of Ion Energy on Charge Loss From Floating Gate Memories

2008

Heavy ions typical of the space environment have energies which exceed by orders of magnitude those available at particle accelerators. In this paper we are irradiating state of the art floating gate memories by using both a medium energy (SIRAD) and a high energy (RADEF) facilities. The corruption of stored information decreases when increasing ion energy. The proposed model deals with the broader track found for higher energy ions. Implications for testing procedures and for reliability considerations are discussed.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsOrders of magnitude (temperature)business.industryCyclotronElectrical engineeringParticle acceleratorlaw.inventionIonComputational physicsNon-volatile memoryNuclear Energy and EngineeringlawSingle event upsetElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Space environmentIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
researchProduct

Measurement of the ratio using event shape variables

1993

Abstract The branching fraction of Z → b b relative to all hadronic decays of the Z has been measured using event shape variables to preferentially select Z → b b events. The method chosen applies a combination of shape discriminators and the selection of high transverse momentum leptons to event hemispheres. From a sample of 440 000 hadronic Z decays collected with the ALEPH detector at LEP, the ration Γ b b Γ had = 0.228±0.005( stat. )±0.005( syst. ) is measured.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionHadronElementary particle01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesTransverse momentumHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsALEPH experimentLeptonBar (unit)Event (probability theory)Physics Letters B
researchProduct

Measurement of the hadronic photon structure function at LEP 1 for 〈Q2〉 values between 9.9 and 284 GeV2

1999

Inclusive γ*γ interactions to hadronic final states where one scattered electron or positron is detected in the electromagnetic calorimeters have been studied in the LEP 1 data taken by ALEPH from 1991 to 1995. The event sample has been used to measure the hadronic structure function of the photon F2γ in three bins with of 9.9, 20.7 and 284 GeV2.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAlephPhotonHadronLEPElectronPhoton structure functionALEPH ExperimentNuclear physicsPositronhadronic photon structureHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentALEPH experimentEvent (particle physics)ALEPH Experiment; LEP; hadronic photon structure
researchProduct

Precision measurement of the hadronic cross-section through the radiative return method

2002

Electron--positron annihilation into hadrons plus an energetic photon from initial-state radiation allows the hadronic cross-section to be measured over a wide range of energies at high luminosity meson factories. Weighted integrals over this cross-section are a decisive input for electroweak precision tests. A Monte Carlo event generator called PHOKHARA has been developed, which simulates $e^+ e^- \to$ hadrons + photon(s) at the NLO accuracy. The latest tests and upgrades are presented in this paper.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAnnihilationLuminosity (scattering theory)PhotonMesonElectroweak interactionMonte Carlo methodHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Radiative transferHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentParticle Physics - PhenomenologyEvent generator
researchProduct

Moments of event shapes in electron-positron annihilation at next-to-next-to-leading order

2009

This article gives the perturbative next-to-next-to-leading order results for the moments of the most commonly used event shape variables associated to three-jet events in electron-positron annihilation: thrust, heavy jet mass, wide jet broadening, total jet broadening, C parameter and the Durham three-to-two-jet transition variable.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsJet (fluid)AnnihilationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaElectron–positron annihilationOrder (ring theory)ThrustElectronNuclear physicsPositronHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentEvent (particle physics)Physical Review D
researchProduct

Centrality dependence of particle production inp−Pbcollisions atsNN=5.02TeV

2015

We report measurements of the primary charged-particle pseudorapidity density and transverse momentum distributions in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV and investigate their correlation with experimental observables sensitive to the centrality of the collision. Centrality classes are defined by using different event-activity estimators, i.e., charged-particle multiplicities measured in three different pseudorapidity regions as well as the energy measured at beam rapidity (zero degree). The procedures to determine the centrality, quantified by the number of participants (N-part) or the number of nucleon-nucleon binary collisions (N-coll) are described. We show that, in contrast to Pb…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronMultiplicity (mathematics)16. Peace & justice01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPseudorapidity0103 physical sciencesRapidityNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsNucleonCentralityEvent generatorPhysical Review C
researchProduct