Search results for "evidence-based medicine"

Recommendations on Physical Activity and Exercise for Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Taskforce Report.

2016

A taskforce, under the auspices of The International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics-Global Aging Research Network (IAGG-GARN) and the IAGG European Region Clinical Section, composed of experts from the fields of exercise science and geriatrics, met in Toulouse, in December 2015, with the aim of establishing recommendations of physical activity and exercise for older adults living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Due to the high heterogeneity in terms of functional ability and cognitive function that characterizes older adults living in LTCFs, taskforce members established 2 sets of recommendations: recommendations for reducing sedentary behaviors for all LTCF residents and r…

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and best evidence synthesis of the efficacy and safety for mul…

2016

Abstract Background Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AceI) and memantine might prove useful in bipolar disorder (BD) given their neuroprotective and pro-cognitive effects, as highlighted by several case reports. We aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of AceI and memantine across multiple outcome dimensions in BD. Methods Systematic PubMed and SCOPUS search until 04/17/2015 without language restrictions. Included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), open label studies and case series of AceI or memantine in BD patients reporting quantitative data on depression, mania, psychotic symptoms, global functioning, or cognitive performance. We summarized results using a best-…

Acute appendicitis in children: not only surgical treatment

2017

Abstract Purpose An accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis is important to avoid severe outcome or unnecessary surgery but management is controversial. The aim of study was to evaluate, in younger and older children, the efficacy of conservative management for uncomplicated appendicitis and the outcome of complicated forms underwent early surgery. Methods Children with acute appendicitis were investigated by clinical, laboratory variables and abdominal ultrasound and divided in two groups: complicated and uncomplicated. Complicated appendicitis underwent early surgery; uncomplicated appendicitis started conservative treatment with antibiotic. If in the next 24–48 h it was worsening, the c…

Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Characteristics and Therapeutic Implications.

2020

A large body of literature reports the higher prevalence of epilepsy in subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to the general population. Similarly, several studies report an increased rate of Subclinical Electroencephalographic Abnormalities (SEAs) in seizure-free patients with ASD rather than healthy controls, although with varying percentages. SEAs include both several epileptiform discharges and different non-epileptiform electroencephalographic abnormalities. They are more frequently associated with lower intellectual functioning, more serious dysfunctional behaviors, and they are often sign of severer forms of autism. However, SEAs clinical implications remain controver…

[Clinical practice and adherence to the diagnosis and treatment of NMIBC guidelines: a report of a recognition based clinical cases study]

2014

For non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, a disease with a considerable epidemiological and socio-economic impact, the introduction of the Guidelines has always evoked as a tool for the resolution of long-standing disputes in terms of diagnosis and therapy. Check the degree of routine clinical practice adherence to the Recommendations is for this disease, more than for other uro-oncology pathology, an urgent need felt by the urological community. To assess the level of Guidelines adherence's, and study issues related to the paths of diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, and identifying the processes actually implemented in daily clinical practice, a series of case st…

Evidence-based development of school-based and family-involved prevention of overweight across Europe: The ENERGY-project's design and conceptual fra…

2010

Background There is an urgent need for more carefully developed public health measures in order to curb the obesity epidemic among youth. The overall aim of the "EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth" (ENERGY)-project is the development and formative evaluation of a theory-informed and evidence-based multi-component school-based and family-involved intervention program ready to be implemented and evaluated for effectiveness across Europe. This program aims at promoting the adoption or continuation of health behaviors that contribute to a healthy energy balance among school-aged children. Earlier studies have indicated that school and family environmen…

Essay: Evidence-based medicine (EBM): New paradigm or integration?

2015

Predicting critical illness on initial diagnosis of COVID-19 based on easily obtained clinical variables: development and validation of the PRIORITY …

2021

Objectives: We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model, based on clinical history and examination findings on initial diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to identify patients at risk of critical outcomes. Methods: We used data from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a cohort of consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 from 132 centres in Spain (23rd March to 21st May 2020). For the development cohort, tertiary referral hospitals were selected, while the validation cohort included smaller hospitals. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital death, mechanical ventilation, or admission to intensive care unit. Clinical signs and symptoms, demographics, and medical…

Consensus document on controversial issues for the treatment of hospital-associated pneumonia

2010

Background: Hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in antimicrobial therapy. Many aspects of the treatment of HAP caused by multi-resistant Gram-positive microorganisms have been extensively studied, but controversial issues remain. Controversial issues: The aim of this GISIG (Gruppo Italiano di Studio sulle Infezioni Gravi) working group – a panel of multidisciplinary experts – was to define recommendations for some controversial issues using an evidence-based and analytical approach. The controversial issues were: (1) Is combination antibiotic therapy or monotherapy more effective in the treatment of HAP? (2) What role do…

Economic evaluations of ergonomic interventions preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review of organizational-level interv…

2017

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) represent a major public health problem and economic burden to employers, workers and health insurance systems. This systematic review had two objectives: (1) to analyze the cost-benefit results of organizational-level ergonomic workplace-based interventions aimed at preventing WMSD, (2) to explore factors related to the implementation process of these interventions (obstacles and facilitating factors) in order to identify whether economic results may be due to a successful or unsuccessful implementation. Methods Systematic review. Studies were searched in eight electronic databases and in reference lists of included studies. Companio…