Search results for "evoked potential"

Distilling the essence of TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs): A call for securing mechanistic specificity and experimental rigor

2019

13 LASER-EVOKED POTENTIALS IN PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

2007

Differences in visual information processing style between Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy with and without photosensitivity.

2021

Purpose: Recently, altered visual cortical processes i.e., lack of habituation to visual evoked potentials (VEP), has been highlighted in both photosensitive epilepsy and in a specific i.e., analytic mode of processing visual inputs. In this study we aimed at evaluating the relationship between photosensitivity (PS) and analytic style of processing visual information, in a sample of 30 patients with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (IGE) and matched healthy controls. Methods: At our Epilepsy unit of the Sapienza University of Rome, we consecutively enrolled 15 patients with IGE with PSand matched them with 15 patients with IGE without PS and 15 Healthy Volunteers. All patients underwent EEG …

The Neurophysiological Responses of Concussive Impacts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies

2020

Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated neurophysiological responses using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following a concussion or sub-concussion. Methods: A systematic searching of relevant databases for peer-reviewed literature quantifying motor evoked potentials from TMS between 1999 and 2019 was performed. A meta-analysis quantified pooled data for measures including motor threshold, motor latency, and motor evoked potential amplitude and for inhibitory measures such as cortical silent period duration, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) ratios. Results: Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria…

DEGENERATIVE CERVICAL MYELOPATHY: REVIEW OF SURGICAL OUTCOME PREDICTORS AND NEED FOR MULTIMODAL APPROACH

2020

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is the most common cause of spinal cord injury in the elderly population in the developed world, and it significantly affects the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. Surgery remains the only treatment option able to halt disease progression and provide neurological recovery for most patients. Although it has remained challenging to predict exactly who will experience improvement after surgery, increasingly it has been shown that clinical, imaging, and electrophysiological factors can predict, with relatively good capacity, those more likely to benefit. Clinically, the baseline neurological impairment appears to be strongly related to the outcom…

Facilitatory and inhibitory muscarine receptors on the rat phrenic nerve: effects of pirenzepine and dicyclomine

1988

Neuronal transmitter stores of the rat phrenic nerve were labelled by an incubation with [3H]choline. Release of [3H]acetylcholine was elicited either by a short (100 pulses, 5 Hz) or by a long (1500 pulses, 5 or 25 Hz) period of electrical nerve stimulation. Pirenzepine and dicyclomine enhanced transmitter release evoked by the short stimulation period. Both antagonists reduced transmitter release evoked by the long stimulation period. Pirenzepine reduced transmitter release at low concentrations (1 nmol/l) whereas a higher concentration was necessary for the enhancing effect; the opposite pattern was found for dicyclomine. A low concentration of oxotremorine (10 nmol/l) enhanced and a hig…

A transcranial magnetic stimulation study evaluating methylprednisolone treatment in multiple sclerosis

2002

Objective To investigate the efficacy of two different high doses of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) during Multiple Sclerosis (MS) relapses. Background Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is the most sensitive neurophysiological ascertainment to quantify motor disability, to follow the recovery from an MS relapse, and to detect the response to treatment. Design and method Twenty-four clinically definite relapsing - remitting MS patients presenting a relapse were randomly assigned to a treatment for 5 days with IVMP 1 or 2 g/day. The response to treatment of each patient was evaluated through Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Medical Research Council (MRC) score, and TMS by…

ERPs to pitch changes: a result of reduced responses to standard tones in rabbits.

1996

EVENT-RELATED potentials (ERPs) were recorded in rabbits when pitch deviant tones occurred in a series of standard tones (oddball situation). In control recordings, the deviant tones were presented without the standard tones (deviant-alone situation). In the oddball situation, significant difference ERPs (deviant ERPs - standard ERPs) could be found in the hippocampal and cerebellar recordings but not in the visual cortex. All the ERPs to the deviant stimuli observed in the oddball situation were also present in the deviant-alone situation. The difference ERPs were therefore based on reduced responses to the standards. The results are discussed in the context of a mismatch negativity (MMN) …

Increase by NO synthase inhibitors of acetylcholine release from guinea-pig myenteric plexus

1994

The effects of nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors on the electrically evoked release of [3H]acetylcholine were studied in guinea-pig myenteric plexus preparations preincubated with [3H]choline. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (EC50 5.3 mumol l-1) and NG-nitro-L-arginine (EC50 1.3 mumol l-1) concentration-dependently increased the evoked release of [3H]acetylcholine without affecting the basal outflow. The facilitatory effect of NG-mono-methyl-L-arginine was prevented by L-arginine but not by D-arginine. The results suggest that endogenous NO inhibits the depolarisation-evoked release of acetylcholine.

Detrimental noise effects on brain's speech functions.

2009

Background noise has become part of our everyday life in modern societies. Its presence affects both the ability to concentrate and communicate. Some individuals, like children, the elderly, and non-native speakers have pronounced problems in noisy environments. Here we review evidence suggesting that background noise has both transient and Sustained detrimental effects on central speech processing. Studies on the effects of noise on neural processes have demonstrated hemispheric reorganization in speech processing in adult individuals during background noise. During noise, the well-known left hemisphere dominance in speech discrimination became right hemisphere preponderant. Furthermore, l…