Search results for "expression profiling"
showing 10 items of 658 documents
Expression of transketolase TKTL1 predicts colon and urothelial cancer patient survival: Warburg effect reinterpreted
2006
Abstract Tumours ferment glucose to lactate even in the presence of oxygen (aerobic glycolysis; Warburg effect). The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) allows glucose conversion to ribose for nucleic acid synthesis and glucose degradation to lactate. The nonoxidative part of the PPP is controlled by transketolase enzyme reactions. We have detected upregulation of a mutated transketolase transcript (TKTL1) in human malignancies, whereas transketolase (TKT) and transketolase-like-2 (TKTL2) transcripts were not upregulated. Strong TKTL1 protein expression was correlated to invasive colon and urothelial tumours and to poor patients outcome. TKTL1 encodes a transketolase with unusual enzymatic prop…
Disruption of TCBA1 associated with a de novo t(1;6)(q32.2;q22.3) presenting in a child with developmental delay and recurrent infections
2005
A boy with developmental delay, particularly of speech, a distinct face, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, and recurrent infections was found to have an apparently balanced de novo t(1;6)(q32.3;q22.3) translocation. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation with BAC/PAC clones and long range polymerase chain reaction products assessed in the human genome sequence localised the chromosome 1 breakpoint to a 9.8 kb segment within a hypothetical gene, LOC388735, and the chromosome 6 breakpoint to a 12.8 kb segment in intron 4 of the T-cell lymphoma breakpoint-associated target 1 (TCBA1) gene. Disruption and/or formation of TCBA1 fusion genes in T cell lymphoma and leukaemia cell lines suggests a r…
Lasting downregulation of the lipid peroxidation enzymes in the prefrontal cortex of mice susceptible to stress-induced anhedonia
2015
International audience; Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the brain are involved in neuropsychiatric pathologies, including depression. 14- or 28-day chronic stress model induced a depressive syndrome defined by lowered reward sensitivity in C57BL/6J mice and changed gene expression of peroxidation enzymes as shown in microarray assays. We studied how susceptibility or resilience to anhedonia is related to lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). With 14-day stress, a comparison of the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) revealed a decrease of the first two measures in suscepti…
Altered REDD1, myostatin, and Akt/mTOR/FoxO/MAPK signaling in streptozotocin-induced diabetic muscle atrophy
2011
Type 1 diabetes, if poorly controlled, leads to skeletal muscle atrophy, decreasing the quality of life. We aimed to search highly responsive genes in diabetic muscle atrophy in a common diabetes model and to further characterize associated signaling pathways. Mice were killed 1, 3, or 5 wk after streptozotocin or control. Gene expression of calf muscles was analyzed using microarray and protein signaling with Western blotting. We identified translational repressor protein REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage responses) that increased seven- to eightfold and was associated with muscle atrophy in diabetes. The diabetes-induced increase in REDD1 was confirmed at the protein level. …
Effects of nitroglycerin or pentaerithrityl tetranitrate treatment on the gene expression in rat hearts: evidence for cardiotoxic and cardioprotectiv…
2009
Nitroglycerin (NTG) and pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) are organic nitrates used in the treatment of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. Recent data show marked differences in the effects of NTG and PETN on the generation of reactive oxygen species. These differences are attributed to different effects of NTG and PETN on the expression of antioxidative proteins like the heme oxygenase-I. To analyze the expressional effects of NTG and PETN in a more comprehensive manner we performed whole genome expression profiling experiments using cardiac total RNA from NTG- or PETN-treated rats and DNA microarrays containing oligonucleotides representing 27,044 rat…
Cell Contact–Dependent Priming and Fc Interaction with CD32+ Immune Cells Contribute to the TGN1412-Triggered Cytokine Response
2014
Abstract Following inconspicuous preclinical testing, the superagonistic anti-CD28 mAb TGN1412 was applied to six study participants who all developed a devastating cytokine storm. We verified that TGN1412 treatment of fresh PBMCs induced only moderate responses, whereas restoration of tissue-like conditions by high-density preculture (HDC) allowed vigorous cytokine production. TGN1412 treatment of T cells isolated from HDC-PBMCs induced moderate cytokine responses, which upon additional anti-IgG crosslinking were significantly boosted. Moreover, coincubation of TGN1412-treated T cells with B cells expressing the intermediate affinity Fcγ receptor IIB (CD32B), or coincubation with CD32B+ tr…
Involvement of plasmalogens in post-natal retinal vascular development
2014
Objective: Proper development of retinal blood vessels is essential to ensure sufficient oxygen and nutrient supplies to the retina. It was shown that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could modulate factors involved in tissue vascularization. A congenital deficiency in ether-phospholipids, also termed "plasmalogens'', was shown to lead to abnormal ocular vascularization. Because plasmalogens are considered to be reservoirs of PUFAs, we wished to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which plasmalogens regulate retinal vascular development and whether the release of PUFAs by calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) could be involved. [br/] Methods and Results: By characterizi…
Chromatic-achromatic perimetry in four clinic cases: Glaucoma and diabetes
2015
Color perimetry has interesting clinical application for the diagnosis and detection of certain eye conditions, due to the variations that certain diseases can cause in chromatic thresholds, both in the red-green (RG) and the blue-yellow (BY) pathways.[1,2,3,4] The separate study of the visual function of both the chromatic and achromatic mechanisms could be more efficient in detecting sensitivity variations, and such variations would not be obscured by the intrusion of other mechanisms. Currently, the supply of conventional perimeters that are capable of performing a chromatic perimetry test is very limited and with reduced options regarding the possibility of choosing the physical charact…
Genomic run-on evaluates transcription rates for all yeast genes and identifies gene regulatory mechanisms
2004
Most studies of eukaryotic gene regulation have been done looking at mature mRNA levels. Nevertheless, the steady-state mRNA level is the result of two opposing factors: transcription rate (TR) and mRNA degradation. Both can be important points to regulate gene expression. Here we show a new method that combines the use of nylon macroarrays and in vivo radioactive labeling of nascent RNA to quantify TRs, mRNA levels, and mRNA stabilities for all the S. cerevisiae genes. We found that during the shift from glucose to galactose, most genes undergo drastic changes in TR and mRNA stability. However, changes in mRNA levels are less pronounced. Some genes, such as those encoding mitochondrial pro…
Individual variability of mytimycin gene expression in mussel
2012
The antifungal peptide mytimycin (MytM) is synthesized by hemocytes of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. In addition to sequence and gene structure diversities previously reported from pooled hemocytes, the present report focused on the expression of mytm gene in individual M. galloprovincialis, before and after challenge. Within untreated mussel, MytM mRNA was observed by ISH in about 42% of circulating hemocytes, characterized by large, diffuse nucleus. Injection with Fusarium oxysporum increased such percentage, but in only some of the mussels. Similarly, MytM gene expression increased after injection in only some of the mussels, as measured by qPCR. Responders and not…