Search results for "expression"
showing 10 items of 5168 documents
Ocean acidification at a coastal CO2 vent induces expression of stress-related transcripts and transposable elements in the sea anemone Anemonia viri…
2019
Published version, available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210358 Ocean acidification threatens to disrupt interactions between organisms throughout marine ecosystems. The diversity of reef-building organisms decreases as seawater CO2 increases along natural gradients, yet soft-bodied animals, such as sea anemones, are often resilient. We sequenced the polyA-enriched transcriptome of adult sea anemone Anemonia viridis and its dinoflagellate symbiont sampled along a natural CO2 gradient in Italy to assess stress levels in these organisms. We found that about 1.4% of the anemone transcripts, but only ~0.5% of the Symbiodinium sp. transcripts were differentially expressed. Processe…
Survival and gene expression under different temperature and humidity regimes in ants
2017
Short term variation in environmental conditions requires individuals to adapt via changes in behavior and/or physiology. In particular variation in temperature and humidity are common, and the physiological adaptation to changes in temperature and humidity often involves alterations in gene expression, in particular that of heat-shock proteins. However, not only traits involved in the resistance to environmental stresses, but also other traits, such as immune defenses, may be influenced indirectly by changes in temperature and humidity. Here we investigated the response of the ant F. exsecta to two temperature regimes (20 degrees C & 25 degrees C), and two humidity regimes (50% & 75%), for…
Interaction Between ABA Signaling and Copper Homeostasis inArabidopsis thaliana
2016
ABA is involved in plant responses to non-optimal environmental conditions, including nutrient availability. Since copper (Cu) is a very important micronutrient, unraveling how ABA affects Cu uptake and distribution is relevant to ensure adequate Cu nutrition in plants subjected to stress conditions. Inversely, knowledge about how the plant nutritional status can interfere with ABA biosynthesis and signaling mechanisms is necessary to optimize stress tolerance in horticultural crops. Here the reciprocal influence between ABA and Cu content was addressed by using knockout mutants and overexpressing transgenic plants of high affinity plasma membrane Cu transporters (pmCOPT) with altered Cu up…
Essentiality Is a Strong Determinant of Protein Rates of Evolution during Mutation Accumulation Experiments in Escherichia coli
2016
[EN] The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution is considered the most powerful theory to understand the evolutionary behavior of proteins. One of the main predictions of this theory is that essential proteins should evolve slower than dispensable ones owing to increased selective constraints. Comparison of genomes of different species, however, has revealed only small differences between the rates of evolution ofessential and nonessential proteins. In some analyses, these differences vanish once confounding factors are controlled for, whereas in other cases essentiality seems to have an independent, albeit small, effect. It has been argued that comparing relatively distant genomes may entai…
Two maize Kip-related proteins differentially interact with, inhibit and are phosphorylated by cyclin D–cyclin-dependent kinase complexes
2017
Highlight Maize Kip-related proteins can be differentially phosphorylated by different cyclin D–cyclin-dependent kinase complexes and this influences their performance as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.
Transcriptome approach to understand the potential mechanisms inhibiting or triggering blossom-end rot development in tomato fruit in response to pla…
2017
The objectives of this study were to analyze changes in gene expression and identify candidate genes and gene networks potentially inhibiting or triggering blossom-end rot (BER) in tomatoes treated with plant growth regulators. ?Ace 55 (Vf)? tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse and sprayed with Apogee (300 mg L?1), abscisic acid (ABA) (500 mg L?1), water (control), or gibberellins 4?+?7 (GA4?+?7) (300 mg L?1) weekly after pollination. The BER incidence rate was zero in Apogee- and ABA-, medium in water-, and high in GA4?+?7-treated plants from 26 to 40 days after pollination (DAP). At 26 DAP, healthy blossom-end fruit tissue still not showing visible BER symptoms was used for transcript…
A Complex Gene Network Mediated by Ethylene Signal Transduction TFs Defines the Flower Induction and Differentiation in Olea europaea L.
2021
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a typical Mediterranean crop, important for olive and oil production. The high tendency to bear fruits in an uneven manner, defined as irregular or alternate bearing, results in a significant economic impact for the high losses in olives and oil production. Buds from heavy loaded (‘ON’) and unloaded (‘OFF’) branches of a unique olive tree were collected in July and the next March to compare the transcriptomic profiles and get deep insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating floral induction and differentiation. A wide set of DEGs related to ethylene TFs and to hormonal, sugar, and phenylpropanoid pathways was identified in buds collected from ‘OFF’ …
Role of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A toxins domains in the binding to the ABCC2 receptor from Spodoptera exigua
2018
Abstract Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used to control insect pests either as formulated sprays or as in Bt-crops. However, field-evolved resistance to Bt proteins is threatening the long-term use of Bt products. The SeABCC2 locus has been genetically linked to resistance to a Bt bioinsecticide (Xentari™) in Spodoptera exigua (a mutation producing a truncated form of the transporter lacking an ATP binding domain was found in the resistant insects). Here, we investigated the role of SeABCC2 in the mode of action of Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Ca, and two Cry1A-1Ca hybrids by expressing the receptor in Sf21 and HEK293T cell lines. Cell toxicity assays showed that Sf2…
Daily rhythmicity of high affinity copper transport
2016
A differential demand for copper (Cu) of essential cupro-proteins that act within the mitochondrial and chloroplastal electronic transport chains occurs along the daily light/dark cycles. This requires a fine-tuned spatiotemporal regulation of Cu delivery, becoming especially relevant under non-optimal growth conditions. When scarce, Cu is imported through plasma membrane-bound high affinity Cu transporters (COPTs) whose coding genes are transcriptionally induced by the SPL7 transcription factor. Temporal homeostatic mechanisms are evidenced by the presence of multiple light- and clock-responsive regulatory cis elements in the promoters of both SPL7 and its COPT targets. A model is presente…
Gibberellin reactivates and maintains ovary-wall cell division causing fruit set in parthenocarpic Citrus species
2016
[EN] Citrus is a wide genus in which most of the cultivated species and cultivars are natural parthenocarpic mutants or hybrids (i.e. orange, mandarin, tangerine, grapefruit). The autonomous increase in GA(1) ovary concentration during anthesis was suggested as being the stimulus responsible for parthenocarpy in Citrus regardless of the species. To determine the exact GA-role in parthenocarpic fruit set, the following hypothesis was tested: GA triggers and maintains cell division in ovary walls causing fruit set. Obligate and facultative parthenocarpic Citrus species were used as a model system because obligate parthenocarpic Citrus sp (i.e. Citrus unshiu) have higher GA levels and better n…