Search results for "fairne"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
Moral Attitudes Toward Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement (PCE): Differences and Similarities Among Germans With and Without PCE Experience
2018
Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE), the use of illicit and/or prescription drugs to increase cognitive performance, has spurred controversial discussion in bioethics. In a semi-structured interview study with 60 German university students and employees, differences and similarities in moral attitudes toward PCE among 30 experienced participants (EPs) vs. 30 inexperienced participants (IPs) were investigated. Substances EPs used most often are methylphenidate, amphetamines, tetrahydrocannabinol and modafinil. Both EPs and IPs addressed topics such as autonomous decision making or issues related to fairness such as equality in test evaluation and distortion of competition. While most…
Who Punishes? : The Status of the Punishers Affects the Perceived Success of, and Indirect Benefits From, “Moralistic” Punishment
2016
‘‘Moralistic’’ punishment of free riders can provide a beneficial reputation, but the immediate behavior is costly to the punisher. In Study 1, we investigated whether variation in status would be perceived to offset or mitigate the costs of punishment. One hundred and nineteen participants were presented with a vignette describing a punishment scenario. Participants predicted whether punishment would occur, how successful it would be, and indicated their attitude to the punisher. Participants believed only intervention by a high-status (HS) individual would be successful and that low-status (LS) individuals would not intervene at all. HS individuals predicted to punish successfully were se…
NULLITÀ DI PROTEZIONE » E POTERI DEL GIUDICE TRA CORTE DI GIUSTIZIA E SEZIONI UNITE DELLA CORTE
2014
The “nullità di protezione” in the rulings of the European Court of Justice and in the recent judgments of the Joint Sections of the Italian Supreme Court The Italian legislator provides, as a consequence of the unfairness of a term in consumers contracts, the remedy of nullity, which can only occur to the advantage of the consumer, whereby the court has jurisdiction to declare the term void on its own motion. This is the concept of “protective nullity“ (nullità di protezione) adopted in article 36 of the Italian Consumer Code, and framed by the European Court of Justice. It remains unclear, in such a rule especially when read in the framework of Italian law, whether the court is entitled t…
The impact of fairness on the performance of crowdsourcing an empirical analysis of two intermediate crowdsourcing platforms
2016
This research aims to investigate mechanisms available to the seeker to encourage participation of solvers to a challenge. We hypothesize that specific crowdsourcing mechanisms, reducing the information asymmetry of solvers on the challenge, increase solvers’ perception of procedural and distributive fairness and incentive their self-selection process. Moreover, posing problem in an ‘open’ manner exposes seekers to possible opportunism risks. Thus, seekers utilize many safeguard contractual mechanisms to mitigate these risks and protect the information shared in a challenge. By using data from two intermediate crowdsourcing pltaforms, we provide that safeguard mechanisms may have a drawback…
La gestione del demanio marittimo nella evoluzione del paesaggio costiero
2017
Le linee di costa sono da sempre il luogo fisico a maggiore gradiente di immaterialità, a più alta densità di valore esperienziale, a più elevata tensione localizzativa. Con specifico riferimento all’uso dei litorali, alla loro conservazione e valorizzazione, all’accesso a essi, in quanto commons e heritage-goods, l’articolo avanza alcune considerazioni generali che richiamano temi di pianificazione ampi e profonde questioni valutative. Lo studio proposto intende indicare alcune componenti strutturali (in senso paesaggistico), caratteristiche salienti (in senso assiologico) e potenzialità (in senso progettuale) del patrimonio costiero. Il lavoro prende spunto dall’osservazione di alcuni cas…
Ritorno al futuro. La tutela del consumatore nei foreign currency loans
2022
La diffusione di finanziamenti indicizzati al cambio fra valute ha sollevato, in numerosi ordinamenti dell’Unione Europea, il problema della tutela del consumatore avverso l’assunzione del rischio di cambio. Il paper muove dall’insufficienza del dato normativo eurounitario per interrogarsi sulla compatibilità dei rimedi previsti per le clausole abusive nell’affrontare il fenomeno in esame. In particolare, è passata in esame la dinamica fra convenzioni sul rischio e clausole che definiscono l’oggetto principale del contratto
A Fair Share of Work: Is Fairness of Task Distribution a Mediator Between Transformational Leadership and Follower Emotional Exhaustion?
2019
Drawing on social resource theory and the norm of equity, this research proposes fairness of task distribution as a mediating mechanism of the well-established relationship between transformational leadership and followers’ well-being, conceptualizing the latter as low emotional exhaustion. Using data from 479 German employees in a three-wave longitudinal study, we found transformational leadership to be related to fair task distribution over time. The perceived fairness of task distribution mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and follower emotional exhaustion (structural equation modeling) when excluding stabilities. Our results also show a reverse causation effec…
Il valore dell’equità nell’amministrazione pubblica
2017
La pretesa del soggetto privato di essere trattato in modo “equo” dall’autorità pubblica è considerata un diritto fondamentale della persona, secondo l’art. 41 della Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’Unione europea, e, come tale, costituisce un principio generale del diritto europeo e del diritto interno, al quale l’azione amministrativa si deve conformare. Se ne deve, tuttavia, precisare il significato, non sussistendo una definizione normativa dell’equità, che rimane un concetto giuridico indeterminato, sebbene strettamente collegato ai valori della giustizia sociale. E ciò, allo scopo di comprendere, alla luce delle teorizzazioni dottrinarie e delle applicazioni giurisprudenziali, in c…
Fairness aware rate adaptation and proportional scheduling for IEE 802.11 wlans using FSE
2015
With its rapid development in the wireless markets, IEEE 802.11 WLAN is experiencing a huge popularity. However, due to the limitation of frequency bandwidth of WLANs, it is essential that the available radio resource should be fully utilized to offer different services to multiple users. In order to maximize system throughput while still guaranteeing the fairness among users, a proportional fairness based algorithm is proposed in this work. Since most of the previous resource allocation algorithms were simply based on the channel conditions without taking into account user’s demand, in this paper, we introduce the theory of fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) which also allows us to consider …
A equidade no direito administrativo italiano
2017
A observância do cânone da equidade nas decisões e nas ações da administração pública constitui, hoje, um princípio geral do direito europeu e interno e, em particular, é objeto de uma pretensão individual considerada um direito humano fundamental. O art. 41 da Carta dos direitos fundamentais da União europeia, de fato, proclama, pela primeira vez, o direito à boa administração e o define como o direito de cada pessoa a ser tratado, pela autoridade pública, de modo imparcial e equânime dentro de um prazo razoável. O escopo deste texto será aquele de precisar o significado jurídico da equidade da administração pública à luz das teorizações doutrinárias e das aplicações jurisprudenciais. Fair…