Search results for "fairness"
showing 10 items of 46 documents
Performance Evaluation of CANIT Algorithm in Presence of Congestion Losses
2001
In this paper, we analize by queuing-simulation CANIT (Congestion Avoidance with Normalized Interval of Time) algorithm performances in presence of congestion losses. In a former work [3], we proposed the algorithm (CANIT) for TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) congestion avoidance phase in order to improve fairness during this phase, and we showed that using CANIT algorithm in an environment without loss, instead of standard congestion avoidance algorithm improves both congestion avoidance fairness and bandwith utilization for long RTT connections. In this paper, we consider congestion losses and show that the fairness as well as the bandwith utilization are more efficient when using CANI…
Dynamic packet scheduling performance in UTRA Long Term Evolution downlink
2008
In this paper we evaluate the performance of dynamic Packet Scheduling (PS) of 3GPP UTRAN Long Term Evolution (LTE) Downlink. Packet scheduling is of utmost importance in 3G LTE, because all traffic types with different Quality of Service requirements are competing of the resources. We present a decoupled time and frequency domain packet scheduling framework for LTE downlink. Simulation results with three basic packet scheduler combinations with different amount of fairness are presented in four different 3GPP macro simulation cases to show the both extremes in tradeoff between fairness and spectral efficiency. In addition, the effect of multiuser diversity on packet scheduling performance …
Moral Attitudes Toward Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement (PCE): Differences and Similarities Among Germans With and Without PCE Experience
2018
Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE), the use of illicit and/or prescription drugs to increase cognitive performance, has spurred controversial discussion in bioethics. In a semi-structured interview study with 60 German university students and employees, differences and similarities in moral attitudes toward PCE among 30 experienced participants (EPs) vs. 30 inexperienced participants (IPs) were investigated. Substances EPs used most often are methylphenidate, amphetamines, tetrahydrocannabinol and modafinil. Both EPs and IPs addressed topics such as autonomous decision making or issues related to fairness such as equality in test evaluation and distortion of competition. While most…
Social Housing and Affordable Rent: The Effectiveness of Legal Thresholds of Rents in Two Italian Metropolitan Cities
2022
Social housing is an instrument of housing policies to support those groups of people who are disadvantaged due to particular economic weaknesses and/or social relational fragility. Consequently, to achieve the objective of social sustainability, the rents of social housing must be below the market rents and low enough to be affordable. Italian law has set several rent thresholds which are based on local territorial agreements between landlords and renters associations. This article aims to examine whether these thresholds generate social fairness and housing affordability within each city and between different cities, or instead inequalities and spatial asymmetries. A cluster analysis is a…
Ingiustizia del danno da covid
2022
Il capitolo sollecita una riflessione sul ruolo che, nell’ambito di un contesto di danni di massa, può di fatto rivestire l’istituto della responsabilità civile, le sue funzioni, e i suoi limiti. Muovendo dagli aspetti rilevanti del fenomeno pandemico nella prospettiva del diritto della responsabilità civile e dalla corretta individuazione dei criteri che presiedono alla formulazione del giudizio di responsabilità, l’indagine si concentra sul tema dell’ingiustizia del danno, quale snodo centrale per l’affermazione di una responsabilità civile. Che vi sia un danno, anzi diverse tipologie di danno, da Covid-19 è indubbio, non altrettanto certo e oggetto di analisi è, invece, se questi danni s…
A equidade no direito administrativo italiano
2017
A observância do cânone da equidade nas decisões e nas ações da administração pública constitui, hoje, um princípio geral do direito europeu e interno e, em particular, é objeto de uma pretensão individual considerada um direito humano fundamental. O art. 41 da Carta dos direitos fundamentais da União europeia, de fato, proclama, pela primeira vez, o direito à boa administração e o define como o direito de cada pessoa a ser tratado, pela autoridade pública, de modo imparcial e equânime dentro de um prazo razoável. O escopo deste texto será aquele de precisar o significado jurídico da equidade da administração pública à luz das teorizações doutrinárias e das aplicações jurisprudenciais. Fair…
The hidden side of the Ultimatum Game: The role of motivations and mind-reading in a two-level one-shot Ultimatum Game
2015
The main aim of our study is to investigate the role of motivations and mind-reading in a two-level one-shot Ultimatum Game with three players. Our intention is to analyse subjects’ behaviour in both the responder and proposer roles. In the responder role, we found that the difference between the subjects’ expectations and the actual offers was the major factor that influenced their decisions and motivations in receiving money. In the proposer role, our results showed a significant influence of mind-reading, with a positive association between the fairness of subjects’ offers and the subjects’ expectations about the recipients’ willingness to accept. Although a shared concept of fairness ex…
Energy Efficiency Optimization for Multi-cell Massive MIMO : Centralized and Distributed Power Allocation Algorithms
2021
This paper investigates the energy efficiency (EE) optimization in downlink multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). In our research, the statistical channel state information (CSI) is exploited to reduce the signaling overhead. To maximize the minimum EE among the neighbouring cells, we design the transmit covariance matrices for each base station (BS). Specifically, optimization schemes for this max-min EE problem are developed, in the centralized and distributed ways, respectively. To obtain the transmit covariance matrices, we first find out the closed-form optimal transmit eigenmatrices for the BS in each cell, and convert the original transmit covariance matrices desi…
The Right to Legal Assistance in Criminal Proceedings
2021
Do coaching style and game circumstances predict athletes' perceived justice of their coach? A longitudinal study in elite handball and volleyball te…
2018
Objective: The present longitudinal study is the first to examine game to game fluctuations of perceived justice of elite volleyball and handball coaches. More specifically, we studied whether coaching style (i.e., need support versus control), coach behaviors (decision justifications), player’s status (i.e., starter or substitute), and game result (win/loss) predicted athletes’ perceived justice and its fluctuations. Methods: A longitudinal questionnaire study was performed during 6 consecutive weeks among Belgian female volleyball (N = 57) and male handball players (N = 39). We administered a general questionnaire (i.e., need support/control) the first week, and game-specific questionnair…