Search results for "fear"

Influence of Perceptual and Conceptual Information on Fear Generalization : A Behavioral and Event-Related Potential Study

2021

Learned fear can be generalized through both perceptual and conceptual information. This study investigated how perceptual and conceptual similarities influence this generalization process. Twenty-three healthy volunteers completed a fear-generalization test as brain activity was recorded in the form of event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants were exposed to a de novo fear acquisition paradigm with four categories of conditioned stimuli (CS): two conceptual cues (animals and furniture); and two perceptual cues (blue and purple shapes). Animals (C+) and purple shapes (P+) were paired with the unconditioned stimulus (US), whereas furniture (C−) and blue shapes (P−) never were. The gener…

Fear of falling and coexisting sensory difficulties as predictors of mobility decline in older women

2012

Background. Mobility decline, the coexistence of several sensory difficulties and fear of falling (FOF) are all common concerns in older people; however, knowledge about the combined effect of FOF and coexisting sensory difficulties on mobility is lacking. Methods. Data on self-reported FOF, difficulties in hearing, vision, balance, and walking 2 km were gathered with a structured questionnaire among 434 women aged 63–76 years at baseline and after a 3-year follow-up. Logistic regression models were used for analyses. Results. Every third participant reported difficulties in walking 2 km at baseline. In cross-sectional analysis, the odds ratio for difficulties in walking 2 km was higher amo…

Kulturowe obrazy epidemii i wizje świata „od nowa”

2022

This article seeks to describe the social and cultural changes in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The (post)pandemic landscape turned out to materialise the long-felt visions – dystopias. The metaphors of alienation and exile have proven dramatically real in the age of the general (self-)isolation. Particularly interesting are the social reactions to ‘new’ threats: from epidemic denialism and scepticism to epidemic panic. The biological cataclysm has triggered an avalanche of social antagonisms, contradicting the optimistic (and, it appears, naïve) thesis about the democratic nature of the disease/epidemic. In the context of the events observed since 2020, one may wonder why the wor…

Neoliberalism in the Culture of Terror

2018

One of the most troubling aspects of neoliberalism is that paradoxically though it is widely used and cited in the different studies, books, and dissertation in social sciences, little is known respecting its nature. This is the reason why the present chapter theorizes on neoliberalism, its different meanings, as well as its ideological core. Today’s neoliberalism coincides with something else than the need to adopt free trade globally to curb social conflict. It traverses many other fields that are confronting neorealism. I dissect, here, not only the evolution of liberal mind through different authors and authoritative voices, but also how 9/11 and an imposed culture of fear gradually und…

Clinical profile associated with HIV risk in Spanish youth

2018

Heterosexual transmission is the second route of new HIV infection diagnoses in Spain. A high percentage of young people use condom inconsistently. Beyond cognitive factors, emotional variables seem to be associated with sexual risk behavior. The aim was to examine the differential clinical profile between young people at risk and no-risk for HIV infection. A total of 424 heterosexuals were evaluated (M age =20.62; SD=2.16), and distributed into two groups: risk group (60.7%) and non-risk group (39.3%). They completed the AIDS Prevention Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluatio…

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during the COVID-19 era: The importance to fight against fear

2021

Effects of Exercise on Health-Related Quality of Life and Fear of Falling in Home-Dwelling Older Women

2012

This randomized, controlled trial evaluated the effects of exercise on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and fear of falling (FoF) among 149 home-dwelling older women. The 12-mo exercise program was intended to reduce the risk of falls and fractures. HRQoL was assessed by the RAND-36 Survey, and FoF, with a visual analog scale, at baseline, 12 mo, and 24 mo. On all RAND-36 scales, the scores indicated better health and well-being. The exercise had hardly any effect on HRQoL; only the general health score improved slightly compared with controls at 12 mo (p = .019), but this gain was lost at 24 mo. FoF decreased in both groups during the intervention with no between-groups difference at…

Fear of falling and coexisting sensory difficulties as predictors of mobility decline in older women.

2012

BACKGROUND: Mobility decline, the coexistence of several sensory difficulties and fear of falling (FOF) are all common concerns in older people; however, knowledge about the combined effect of FOF and coexisting sensory difficulties on mobility is lacking. METHODS: Data on self-reported FOF, difficulties in hearing, vision, balance, and walking 2 km were gathered with a structured questionnaire among 434 women aged 63-76 years at baseline and after a 3-year follow-up. Logistic regression models were used for analyses. RESULTS: Every third participant reported difficulties in walking 2 km at baseline. In cross-sectional analysis, the odds ratio for difficulties in walking 2 km was higher amo…

Striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions reduce the duration of tonic immobility in the lizard Podarcis hispanica.

2002

Neuroanatomical data suggest that the lizard striato-amygdaloid transition area is homologous with the mammalian central amygdala. In order to investigate possible functional similarities, tonic immobility was induced in adult lizards and its duration recorded. Each lizard was then randomly assigned to one of three treatments: (1) bilateral striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions, (2) bilateral dorsal cortex lesions or (3) untreated controls. Three days after trial 1, each lizard was subjected to a second trial and the tonic immobility duration recorded. The mean tonic immobility duration in lizards with striato-amygdaloid transition area lesions was significantly shorter (80.5%; p < 0.0…

Subtypes of panic attacks and ICD-9 classification.

1986

No single ICD-9 category corresponds to panic disorder (DSM-III). To investigate whether patients with panic attacks can be identified by means of ICD-9, 97 patients with three panic attacks within 3 weeks were recruited from various medical centers, and were classified independently according to DSM-III and ICD-9. The ICD-9 diagnoses were scattered over a broad range of categories, and it was impossible to identify patients with panic disorder in this manner. Anxiety state, affective psychosis, and depressive neurosis were the most frequent ICD-9 diagnoses. The boundary between affective psychosis on the one hand and anxiety state and depressive neurosis on the other hand was validated by …