Search results for "fertilization"

Effect of the Bovine Oviductal Fluid onIn VitroFertilization, Development and Gene Expression ofIn Vitro-Produced Bovine Blastocysts

2012

Oviductal microenvironment generally provides better condi-tions for early embryo development than the conventionalin vitro system. In an attempt to simulate the oviductconditions or the main potentially influencing factors, theeffect was studied of a bovine oviductal fluid (bOF) treatmentapplied prior to IVF on (i) IVF parameters, (ii) cleavage rate,(iii) blastocyst yield and (iv) blastocyst quality. Embryo qualitywas assessed by morphological embryo quality and relativetranscript abundance of several developmental genes in bovineblastocysts. Furthermore, to study the effect of bOF withoutthe male effect and zona–sperm interaction, artificially acti-vated metaphase II oocytes were also treated w…

The impact of next-generation sequencing technology on preimplantation genetic diagnosis and screening.

2013

Largely because of efforts required to complete the Human Genome Project, DNA sequencing has undergone a steady transformation with still-ongoing developments of high-throughput sequencing machines for which the cost per reaction is falling drastically. Similarly, the fast-changing landscape of reproductive technologies has been improved by genetic approaches. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and screening were established more than two decades ago for selecting genetically normal embryos to avoid inherited diseases and to give the highest potential to achieve stable pregnancies. Most recent additions to the IVF practices (blastocyst/trophectoderm biopsy, embryo vitrification) and adoption…

O-115 Parental whole-exome sequencing allows the discovery of genetic causes of extreme IVF phenotypes such as oocyte/embryo developmental arrest and…

2021

Abstract Study question Do whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from infertile women provide valuable information for the discovery of genes/pathways involved in extreme IVF phenotypes, i.e. oocyte/embryo developmental arrest? Summary answer The development of a specific bioinformatic WES pipeline revealed known and new candidate genes/pathways for isolated oocyte/embryo developmental failure,providing the foundation to scale up research. What is known already The use of IVF has made it possible to identify extreme and isolated infertility phenotypes such as recurrent low oocytes maturity (LMR), recurrent low fertilization rate (LFR), or preimplantation developmental arrest (PDA) that would re…

Male Investments in High Quality Sperm Improve Fertilization Success, but May Have Negative Impact on Offspring Fitness in Whitefish.

2015

Many ejaculate traits show remarkable variation in relation to male social status. Males in disfavoured (subordinate) mating positions often invest heavily on sperm motility but may have less available resources on traits (e.g., secondary sexual ornaments) that improve the probability of gaining matings. Although higher investments in sperm motility can increase the relative fertilization success of subordinate males, it is unclear whether status-dependent differences in sperm traits could have any consequences for offspring fitness. We tested this possibility in whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) by experimentally fertilizing the eggs of 24 females with the sperm of either highly-ornamente…

Intracytoplasmic Testicular Sperm Injection: An Effective Treatment for Otherwise Intractable Obstructive Azoospermia

1995

AbstractPurpose: We evaluated the efficacy of intracytoplasmic sperm injection with testicular spermatozoa.Materials and Methods: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed with spermatozoa obtained from testicular biopsy specimens in 15 patients with obstructive azoospermia, in whom standard microsurgical procedures were not feasible or had previously failed.Results: Fertilization was achieved in 14 to 15 cycles. Mean fertilization rate per cycle was 63.6 percent. Four clinical pregnancies occurred, for a pregnancy rate of 26.7 percent per started cycle and 28.6 percent per transfer.Conclusions: Intracytoplasmic testicular sperm injection is followed by high fertilization rates, and of…

Evolution of gynoecium morphology in Old World Papaveroideae: a combined phylogenetic/ontogenetic approach.

2011

PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The correct assessment of homology is an important prerequisite for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships and character evolution. Old World Papaveroideae (Papaver, Meconopsis, Roemeria, Stylomecon) show substantial diversity in gynoecium and capsule morphology. In particular, capsules can have distinct styles (Meconopsis p.p., Stylomecon) or a sessile stigmatic disc (Papaver). Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Old World Papaveroideae had shown that neither taxa with styles nor those with stigmatic discs represent monophyletic lineages. We here investigate whether either styles or stigmatic discs have arisen repeatedly during the diversification of Old World Papav…

Flowers and inflorescences of the seagrassPosidonia(Posidoniaceae, Alismatales)

2012

Premise of the study: The predominantly aquatic order Alismatales displays a highly variable fl ower groundplan associated with a diverse range of developmental patterns. We present the fi rst detailed description of fl ower anatomy and development in Posidonia , the sole genus of the seagrass family Posidoniaceae. Existing accounts provide confl icting interpretations of fl oral and infl orescence structure, so this investigation is important in clarifying morphological evolution within this early-divergent monocot order. • Methods: We investigated two species of Posidonia using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Our observations are interpreted in the framework of a recent…

Human Papilloma virus association with outcome of in vitro fertilization : a prospective study.

2009

Role of HPV Infection in the outcome of in-vitro fertilization

2009

Use of organic fertilizers for lettuce plug plant production

2009

Vegetable crop production in conventional intensive agricultural systems commonly implies high fertilization rates. Recent data show that the worldwide demand for organically grown products is expanding rapidly. Increasing interest in organic vegetable production has lead to a need to produce seedlings organically. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of organic fertilizers applied to lettuce seedlings on plant growth and yield. Romaine lettuce seeds of cultivar Gretta R were sown on March 2007 in polystyrene plug trays in a unheated greenhouse in the Northern coast of Sicily. At the second leaf stage, seedlings were saturated with solutions containing vario…