Search results for "fibrosis"

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

2019

HSP27 : une nouvelle cible pour traiter la fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique ?

2020

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease without therapeutic options. The development of new therapeutic strategies for the disease is needed. IPF is characterized by myofibroblast accumulation and collagen overproduction. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a key cytokine activating these pathological processes. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are crucial regulators and promote TGF-β1 activity. Among them, HSP27 is overexpressed in animal models and in the lung of patients with IPF. HSP27 activates pro-fibrotic mechanisms and therefore may represents a potential target. Strategies aiming to inhibit HSP27 might pave the way towards new treatment options for pa…

Extracellular Heat Shock Proteins as Therapeutic Targets and Biomarkers in Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases.

2021

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) include a large number of diseases and causes with variable outcomes often associated with progressive fibrosis. Although each of the individual fibrosing ILDs are rare, collectively, they affect a considerable number of patients, representing a significant burden of disease. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the typical chronic fibrosing ILD associated with progressive decline in lung. Other fibrosing ILDs are often associated with connective tissues diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis-ILD (RA-ILD) and systemic sclerosis-associated ILD (SSc-ILD), or environmental/drug exposure. Given the vast number of progressive fibrosing ILDs and the dispariti…

Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Potential Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Decompensated Cirrhosis

2022

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe and often fatal infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. The only cure for SBP is antibiotic therapy, but the emerging problem of bacterial resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hA-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can be harnessed as a therapy in such a context. Methods: An in vitro applications of hA-MSCs in ascitic fluid (AF) of cirrhotic patients, subsequently infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, was performed. We evaluated the effects of hA-MSCs on bacterial load, innate immunity factors, and macr…

Role of JAK/STAT in Interstitial Lung Diseases; Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms

2021

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) comprise different fibrotic lung disorders characterized by cellular proliferation, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis. The JAK/STAT molecular pathway is activated under the interaction of a broad number of profibrotic/pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-11, and IL-13, among others, which are increased in different ILDs. Similarly, several growth factors over-expressed in ILDs, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activate JAK/STAT by canonical or non-canonical pathways, which indicates a predominant role of JAK/STAT in ILDs. Between the different JAK/STAT iso…

An Open-Label Trial of 12-Week Simeprevir plus Peginterferon/Ribavirin (PR) in Treatment-Naïve Patients with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Genotype 1 (GT1)

2016

Background: Shortening duration of peginterferon-based HCV treatment reduces associated burden for patients. Primary objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy against the minimally acceptable response rate 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12) and safety of simeprevir plus PR in treatment-naïve HCV GT1 patients treated for 12 weeks. Additional objectives included the investigation of potential associations of rapid viral response and baseline factors with SVR12. Methods: In this Phase III, open-label study in treatment-naïve HCV GT1 patients with F0-F2 fibrosis, patients with HCV-RNA 12-week regimen. Conclusions: Overall SVR12 rate (66%) was below the target of 80%, indicating that sho…

Evolution of patients’ socio-behavioral characteristics in the context of DAA: Results from the French ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort of HIV-HCV co-infecte…

2018

International audience; BACKGROUND:Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) have dramatically increased HCV cure rates with minimal toxicity in HIV-HCV co-infected patients. This study aimed to compare the socio-behavioral characteristics of patients initiating pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN)-based HCV treatment with those of patients initiating DAA-based treatment.METHODS:ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH is a national multicenter prospective cohort started in 2005, which enrolled 1,859 HIV-HCV co-infected patients followed up in French hospital outpatient units. Both clinical/biological and socio-behavioral data were collected during follow-up. We selected patients with socio-behavioral data available before HCV tr…

Real-World Management of Myelofibrosis with Ruxolitinib: Initial Analysis of an Italian Observational Study (ROMEI)

2018

Abstract Introduction ROMEI (CINC424AIT04 Ruxolitinib Observational study in Myelofibrosis treated patiEnts in Italy) is a prospective observational study that aims to bridge the knowledge gap between the clinical experience of registration trials and routine patient management by following roughly 200 myelofibrosis (MF) patients (pts) treated with ruxolitinib in everyday clinical practice. Enrollment began in April 2017 and ended in May 2018. Methods The primary endpoint is to evaluate changes in symptoms and quality of life during treatment with ruxolitinib through the Myeloproliferative Neoplasm 10 (MPN-10) disease-specific questionnaire and EuroQoL-5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) general health questi…

Increased serum miR-193a-5p during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression: Diagnostic and mechanistic relevance

2022

Background & Aims Serum microRNA (miRNA) levels are known to change in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may serve as useful biomarkers. This study aimed to profile miRNAs comprehensively at all NAFLD stages. Methods We profiled 2,083 serum miRNAs in a discovery cohort (183 cases with NAFLD representing the complete NAFLD spectrum and 10 population controls). miRNA libraries generated by HTG EdgeSeq were sequenced by Illumina NextSeq. Selected serum miRNAs were profiled in 372 additional cases with NAFLD and 15 population controls by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Results Levels of 275 miRNAs differed between cases and population controls. Fewer differences were seen wi…

Salivary apoptotic cells in oral (pre-) cancer as a potential diagnostic means

2015

Background: Apoptosis is a genetically programmed form of cell death which is indispensable for development and homeostasis of multi-cellular organism. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out the salivary apoptotic cells in oral precancerous and cancerous patients and furthermore to observe the potential diagnostic value of salivary apoptotic cells in detection of oral pre-cancer and cancer. Materials and Methods: Unsimulated saliva was collected from a group of 103 subjects diagnosed with oral (pre-) cancer and a control group of 30 healthy age- and gender-matched individuals. The test group diagnosed with (pre-) cancer was further subdivided in 4 lesion groups oral squamous cell…