Search results for "first episode"

showing 10 items of 143 documents

Influence of social cognition as a mediator between cognitive reserve and psychosocial functioning in patients with first episode psychosis

2019

This work was supported by the Carlos III Institute of Health and European Fund for Regional Development (PI08/1213, PI11/01977, PI14/01900, PI08/01026, PI11/02831, PI14/01621, PI08/1161, PI16/00359, PI16/01164, PI18/00805), the Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research (BIOEF), the Secretaria d´Universitats I Recerca del Departament d´Economia I Coneixement (2017 SGR 1365), and R&D activities in Biomedicine, Madrid Regional Government and Structural Funds of the European Union (S2017/BMD-3740 (AGES-CM 2-CM)).

AdultMaleFirst episode psychosisAdolescentSocial perceptionPsicosiCognitive reservesocial cognitionNeuropsychological TestsPercepció socialPsychosocial functioning03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineMediatorSocial cognitionfirst episode psychosisHumansPath analysis (statistics)Applied PsychologyCognitive reservePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesMediation AnalysisPsychosesCognitionSocial cognition030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersLinear Modelspsychosocial functioningFemaleVerbal memoryCognitive reserve first episode psychosis psychosocial functioning social cognitionPsychologyNeurocognitivePsychosocial030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychology
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Neuropsychological, clinical and cognitive insight predictors of outcome in a first episode psychosis study.

2012

The outcome of first episode psychosis (FEP) is highly variable and difficult to predict. We studied prospectively the impact of poor insight and neuropsychological deficits on outcomes in a longitudinal cohort of 127 FEP patients. Participants were assessed on 5 domains of cognitive function and 2 domains of insight (clinical and cognitive). At 12. months, patients were assessed again for symptom severity and psychosocial function. Regression analyses revealed that cognitive insight (a measure of self-reflectiveness and self-certainty) was the best baseline predictor of overall psychopathology at 12. months whereas executive function performance at admission to the study indicated later se…

AdultMaleFirst episode psychosisPsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyNeuropsychological TestsYoung AdultNeuropsychologyPredictive Value of TestsOutcome Assessment Health CaremedicineHumansYoung adultPsychiatrySettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychopathologyNeuropsychologyCognitionRegression analysismedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersPredictive value of testsRegression AnalysisFemaleInsightPsychologyCognition DisordersNeurocognitivePsychopathologyClinical psychologyFollow-Up StudiesSchizophrenia research
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Age of onset of Cannabis use and cognitive function in first-episode non-affective psychosis patients: Outcome at three-year follow-up

2018

In recent years, the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions in patients with psychosis have been widely studied. Recently, special emphasis has been placed on the impact of age at the onset of consumption on cognition in these patients.349 patients with a first episode of non-affective psychosis were studied. Patients were classified as cannabis users and non-users. Users were divided, according to their age when they began using cannabis, into: early-onset (age  16) and late-onset (age ≥ 16) users. Differences between groups at baseline were studied based on sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive variables. The groups were longitudinally (3-year) compared on cognitive variables.…

AdultMaleMarijuana AbusePsychosismedicine.medical_specialty030508 substance abuseYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesCognition0302 clinical medicineMemoryHumansMedicineLongitudinal StudiesAge of OnsetPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryEffects of cannabisFirst episodebiologybusiness.industryCognitionbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthCross-Sectional StudiesPsychotic DisordersDisease ProgressionSpeech PerceptionFemaleMarijuana UseCannabisVerbal memoryAge of onset0305 other medical sciencebusinessNeurocognitive030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesSchizophrenia Research
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Prevalence of bullying victimisation amongst first-episode psychosis patients and unaffected controls

2013

Background—Despite increasing evidence suggesting that childhood maltreatment is significantly associated with psychosis, the specific role of bullying in the onset of psychotic disorders is still unclear. This study aimed to examine whether bullying was more prevalent amongst individuals presenting to services for the first time with a psychotic disorder than in unaffected community controls. Methods—Data on exposure to bullying, psychotic symptoms, cannabis use and history of conduct disorder were collected cross-sectionally from 222 first-presentation psychosis cases and 215 geographically-matched controls. Bullying victimisation was assessed retrospectively as part of the Brief Life Eve…

AdultMaleMarijuana AbusePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPoison controlPsychosiVictimisationArticleOccupational safety and healthYoung AdultRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesInjury preventionPrevalencemedicineHumansYoung adultFirst episodePsychiatryCrime VictimsBiological PsychiatryRetrospective StudiesPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesFirst episodeBullyingmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaSchizophreniaVictimisationFemalePsychologyBullying; First episode; Psychosis; Schizophrenia; VictimisationClinical psychologySchizophrenia Research
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Efficacy of caspofungin and itraconazole as secondary antifungal prophylaxis: analysis of data from a multinational case registry

2009

Patients surviving invasive fungal disease (IFD) and needing further antineoplastic chemotherapy are at high risk of recurrent fungal infection. In the absence of randomised controlled trials in this area, secondary prophylactic regimens are diverse. From 448 patients registered with the Multinational Case Registry of Secondary Antifungal Prophylaxis, we performed an analysis of patients receiving caspofungin (CAS) or itraconazole (ITC). All patients had an underlying haematological malignancy and had been diagnosed with an episode of IFD earlier in their course of treatment. Data collected comprised demographics, underlying disease, first episode of IFD, antifungal prophylaxis, incidence a…

AdultMaleMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyAntifungal AgentsAdolescentItraconazoleAspergillosisChemopreventionEchinocandinsLipopeptidesYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundCaspofunginInternal medicinemedicineHumansAspergillosisPharmacology (medical)RegistriesMycosisAgedFirst episodebusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Stem cell transplantationGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryTransplantationTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesMycoseschemistryHematologic NeoplasmsChemoprophylaxisFemaleAntifungal prophylaxisItraconazoleCaspofunginbusinessmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
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Predictors of clinical remission following a first episode of non-affective psychosis: Sociodemographics, premorbid and clinical variables

2012

The aim of the study was to identify predictors associated with a lower likelihood of achieving a clinical remission 1 year after the first break of the illness. Participants were 174 consecutive subjects included in a first episode programme with no prior treatment with antipsychotic medication. Patients were assigned to haloperidol, olanzapine or risperidone in a randomized, open-label, prospective clinical trial. The main outcome variable was the remission criteria developed by the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group. Clinical variables were included in a logistic regression analysis in order to predict the remission state at 1 year. At 1 year, 31% of patients met criteria for remis…

AdultMaleOlanzapinePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentLogistic regressionSeverity of Illness IndexTime-to-TreatmentBenzodiazepinesYoung AdultRisk FactorsmedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesAntipsychoticPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryFirst episodeRisperidoneRemission InductionPrognosisRisperidonemedicine.diseaseClinical trialPsychiatry and Mental healthLogistic ModelsPsychotic DisordersOlanzapineSchizophreniadupSchizophreniaEducational StatusHaloperidolFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyAntipsychotic Agentsmedicine.drugPsychiatry Research
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Gene-environment interaction as a predictor of early adjustment in first episode psychosis.

2017

Abstract Background This study aims to explore the gene-environment interaction hypothesis applied to pre-symptomatic neurodevelopmental phenotypes of first episode psychosis (FEP), that is, genetic factors might increase vulnerability to the effects of environmental adverse conditions occurring at later stages of development. Methods We constructed a schematic ‘two-hit’ model, with Val/Val homozygosity for the catechol- O -methyltransferase ( COMT ) Val158Met polymorphism as the ‘first hit’ and history of obstetric complications and parental socioeconomic status as ‘second hits’. Early adjustment, measured using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale, was considered the main outcome. The study pop…

AdultMaleParentsmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypePremorbid Adjustment ScaleCatechol O-MethyltransferasePolymorphism Single NucleotideStatistics Nonparametric03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineMethioninePolymorphism (computer science)First episode psychosismedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGene–environment interactionPsychiatrySocioeconomic statusBiological PsychiatryRetrospective StudiesAdverse conditionsValinemedicine.disease030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaPopulation studyFemaleGene-Environment InteractionPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemographySchizophrenia research
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Asphyxiation by laryngeal edema in patients with hereditary angioedema.

2000

Objective To describe the occurrence of fatal laryngeal edema in patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. Patients and Methods We describe 6 patients from various regions of Germany who died from laryngeal edema within the last 10 years. Furthermore, we conducted a retrospective survey of 58 patients with hereditary angioedema, originating from 46 affected families. The data were obtained from the attending physicians and from the patients' relatives. Results Among the 6 reported patients, aged 9 to 78 years, hereditary angioedema had been diagnosed in 3 and was undiagnosed in 3. None of them had an emergency cricothyrotomy or received C1 inhibitor concen…

AdultMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.medical_treatmentComplement C1 Inactivator ProteinsLaryngeal EdemaC1-inhibitorLaryngeal DiseasesEcallantideAsphyxiaEdemamedicineHumansCricothyrotomyAngioedemaChildAgedRetrospective StudiesFirst episodeAsphyxiabiologybusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAnesthesiaHereditary angioedemabiology.proteinFemalemedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drugMayo Clinic proceedings
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Straight gyrus morphology in first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum patients

2010

et al.

AdultMalePsychosisAdolescentFirst episode schizophreniaGyrus rectusYoung AdultmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansBrain magnetic resonance imagingBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyFirst episodeCerebral CortexPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesAnalysis of VarianceBrain MappingConfoundingHealthy subjectsAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingFirst-episode schizophreniaStraight gyrusStraight gyrusSchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyNeuroscienceMRI
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Predictors of neurocognitive impairment at 3years after a first episode non-affective psychosis

2013

Abstract Background Neurocognitive impairment is a core component of schizophrenia. However, patients show great variability in the level and course of deficits. The goal of the present longitudinal study was to identify predictors of neurocognitive impairment in first episode psychosis patients. Methods N eurocognitive performance was analyzed in a cohort of 146 patients 3 years after a first episode non-affective psychosis. Subgroups, impaired vs. unimpaired, were compared on baseline clinical, neuropsychological, premorbid and sociodemographic characteristics. Results Fifty-nine percent of participants presented general neurocognitive impairment and regression analyses demonstrated that …

AdultMalePsychosisAdolescentTrail Making TestPoison controlNeuropsychological TestsYoung AdultMemoryPredictive Value of TestsmedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesBiological PsychiatryIntelligence TestsPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPharmacologyFirst episodeTrail Making TestWechsler ScalesNeuropsychologyMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersPsychotic DisordersSocioeconomic FactorsMotor SkillsSchizophreniaSchizophreniaRegression AnalysisFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyVerbal memoryCognition DisordersPsychologyNeurocognitiveFollow-Up StudiesClinical psychologyProgress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
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