Search results for "fluid"

showing 10 items of 5513 documents

A reservoir trap for antiprotons

2015

We have developed techniques to extract arbitrary fractions of antiprotons from an accumulated reservoir, and to inject them into a Penning-trap system for high-precision measurements. In our trap-system antiproton storage times > 1.08 years are estimated. The device is fail-safe against power-cuts of up to 10 hours. This makes our planned comparisons of the fundamental properties of protons and antiprotons independent from accelerator cycles, and will enable us to perform experiments during long accelerator shutdown periods when background magnetic noise is low. The demonstrated scheme has the potential to be applied in many other precision Penning trap experiments dealing with exotic p…

Speichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMagnetic noiseAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Other Fields of PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesIon trappingphysics.atom-ph010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Atomic PhysicsNuclear physicsTrap (computing)0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDetectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationphysics.ins-detSpectroscopyPhysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Condensed Matter PhysicsPenning trapAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator Physics
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Experimental Realization of a Dirac Monopole through the Decay of an Isolated Monopole

2017

We experimentally observe the decay dynamics of deterministically created isolated monopoles in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates. As the condensate undergoes a change between magnetic phases, the isolated monopole gradually evolves into a spin configuration hosting a Dirac monopole in its synthetic magnetic field. We characterize in detail the Dirac monopole by measuring the particle densities of the spin states projected along different quantization axes. Importantly, we observe the spontaneous emergence of nodal lines in the condensate density that accompany the Dirac monopole. We also demonstrate that the monopole decay accelerates in weaker magnetic field gradients.

Spin statesmagneetitHigh Energy Physics::LatticeQC1-999Magnetic monopoleFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasQuantization (physics)Atomic and Molecular Physics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicskvanttifysiikkamagnetsSpin-½PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gasesta114PhysicsMagnetic field gradientMagnetic fieldQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)quantum physicsQuantum electrodynamicsParticleCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesRealization (systems)Physical Review X
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Kinetics of phase separation in thin films: simulations for the diffusive case.

2005

We study the diffusion-driven kinetics of phase separation of a symmetric binary mixture (AB), confined in a thin-film geometry between two parallel walls. We consider cases where (a) both walls preferentially attract the same component (A), and (b) one wall attracts A and the other wall attracts B (with the same strength). We focus on the interplay of phase separation and wetting at the walls, which is referred to as {\it surface-directed spinodal decomposition} (SDSD). The formation of SDSD waves at the two surfaces, with wave-vectors oriented perpendicular to them, often results in a metastable layered state (also referred to as ``stratified morphology''). This state is reminiscent of th…

SpinodalMaterials scienceMorphology (linguistics)Condensed matter physicsSpinodal decompositionKineticsFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysics::Fluid DynamicsMetastabilityPerpendicularSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)WettingThin filmPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Self-Assembly of Polymeric Particles in Poiseuille Flow: A Hybrid Lattice Boltzmann/External Potential Dynamics Simulation Study

2017

We present a hybrid simulation method which allows one to study the dynamical evolution of self-assembling (co)polymer solutions in the presence of hydrodynamic interactions. The method combines an established dynamic density functional theory for polymers that accounts for the nonlocal character of chain dynamics at the level of the Rouse model, the external potential dynamics (EPD) model, with an established Navier–Stokes solver, the Lattice Boltzmann (LB) method. We apply the method to study the self-assembly of nanoparticles and vesicles in two-dimensional copolymer solutions in a typical microchannel Poiseuille flow profile. The simulations start from fully mixed systems which are sudd…

SpinodalMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsSpinodal decompositionOrganic ChemistryLattice Boltzmann methodsNucleation02 engineering and technologyMechanics010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHagen–Poiseuille equation01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryShear rateCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysics::Fluid DynamicsMaterials ChemistryPeriodic boundary conditions0210 nano-technologyShear flow
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Use of supercritical CO2 and N2 as dissolved gases for the atomization of ethanol and water

2012

Supercritical dissolved gas atomization (SDGA) is an atomization process in which a gas at temperatures and pressures above the critical point is used as the atomizing medium. The concept of SDGA has been applied mainly using CO 2 as atomizing gas in various processes developed for the production of fine particles of pharmaceuticals, polymers, and chemical products and for the atomization of fuels. In this work, SDGA, using ethanol and water as the liquids to be atomized, has been experimentally studied. The spray characteristics, in terms of droplet size and distribution, have been investigated using a laser diffraction analyzer. Ethanol has been chosen due to the large miscibility with CO…

Spray characteristicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryMiscibilityLaser diffractionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPhysics::Fluid DynamicsGas to liquidschemistry.chemical_compoundAtomizing gas Dissolved gas Droplet sizes Fine particles Gas to liquids Laser diffraction Supercritical fluids Supercritical CO2Fine particlesCritical point (thermodynamics)Gas to liquidsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersChemical Engineering (all)Physics::Atomic PhysicsDissolved gasCondensed Matter::Quantum Gaseschemistry.chemical_classificationAtomizing gasSupercritical fluidsChemistry (all)Droplet sizesGeneral ChemistryPolymerSupercritical CO2Supercritical fluidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSolventchemistryCarbon dioxide
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Linear stability analysis of gas-fluidized beds for the prediction of incipient bubbling conditions

2010

Abstract This work focuses on the development of a novel linear stability criterion for the state of homogeneous fluidization regime, based on a new mathematical model for gas-fluidized beds. The model is developed starting from the well-known particle bed model. A mono-dimensional momentum balance is derived leading to a set of equations which explicitly include voidage-gradient dependent terms (elastic force) for both solid and fluid phases. A fully predictive criterion for the stability of homogeneous fluidization state is here proposed, based on the well-known Wallis’ linear stability analysis. The criterion requires the choice of an appropriate averaging distance, which in the present …

Stability criterionSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciWork (thermodynamics)Gas fluidization Stability criterion Mathematical modellingSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral ChemistryState (functional analysis)MechanicsStability (probability)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMATHEMATICAL MODELLINGClosure (computer programming)Control theoryEnvironmental ChemistryParticleSensitivity (control systems)FluidizationGas fluidizationMathematicsLinear stabilityChemical Engineering Journal
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Understanding the Indiscipline of Tourism

2016

Over last years, the current growth of tourism flourished in a wealth of courses, Ph.Ds., Masters and academic offerings that positioned tourism as a good perspective for students. Jafar Jafari signaled to the term “scientifization of tourism” to explain the ever-increasing attention given to this new field (Jafari & Aeser, 1988; Jafari, 1990, 2005). At a first stage, the great volume of bibliographic production offered an encouraging prospect in the pathways towards the maturation of this discipline. However, some epistemologists have recently alerted that not only tourism-research failed to develop a unified consensus of what tourism is, but also lack of a coherent epistemology that h…

State (polity)media_common.quotation_subjectSociologyCurrent (fluid)TourismEpistemologymedia_common
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Statistical correlation of fractional oscillator response by complex spectral moments and state variable expansion

2016

Abstract The statistical characterization of the oscillator response with non-integer order damping under Gaussian noise represents an important challenge in the modern stochastic mechanics. In fact, this kind of problem appears in several issues of different type (wave propagation in viscoelastic media, Brownian motion, fluid dynamics, RLC circuit, etc.). The aim of this paper is to provide a stochastic characterization of the stationary response of linear fractional oscillator forced by normal white noise. In particular, this paper shows a new method to obtain the correlation function by exact complex spectral moments. These complex quantities contain all the information to describe the r…

State variableNon-Newtonian damping Fractional-order state variables Analytical stationary variance Exact complex spectral moments02 engineering and technologyFractional-order state variable01 natural sciencesAnalytical stationary variance010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesake0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesExact complex spectral momentNumerical AnalysiBrownian motionMathematicsNumerical AnalysisMellin transformStochastic processApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisWhite noiseNon-Newtonian dampingMoment (mathematics)Correlation function (statistical mechanics)020303 mechanical engineering & transportsGaussian noiseModeling and Simulationsymbols
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ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF INITIAL CONDITIONS LEADING TO FIRING IN NERVE FIBERS

2007

International audience; An analytical solution characterizing initial conditions leading to action potential firing in smooth nerve fibers is determined, using the bistable equation. In the first place, we present a nontrivial stationary solution wave, then, using the perturbative method, we analyze the stability of this stationary wave. We show that it corresponds to a frontier between the initiation of the travelling waves and a decay to the resting state. Eventually, this analytical approach is extended to FitzHugh-Nagumo model.

StationarityBistability[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph][MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS][ MATH.MATH-DS ] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS][MATH.MATH-DS] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]01 natural sciencesStability (probability)010305 fluids & plasmasStanding waveOptics[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]0103 physical sciencesReaction–diffusion systemTraveling wave[MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]0101 mathematicsEngineering (miscellaneous)PhysicsQuantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognitionbusiness.industry[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neurosciencenerve fibersApplied Mathematics[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neurosciencereaction-diffusion[ MATH.MATH-MP ] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Mechanics[PHYS.MPHY] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]010101 applied mathematicsModeling and Simulation[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience[ PHYS.MPHY ] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Action potential firingbusinessStationary solutionnerve fibers.International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
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Atypical transistor-based chaotic oscillators: Design, realization, and diversity

2017

In this paper, we show that novel autonomous chaotic oscillators based on one or two bipolar junction transistors and a limited number of passive components can be obtained via random search with suitable heuristics. Chaos is a pervasive occurrence in these circuits, particularly after manual adjustment of a variable resistor placed in series with the supply voltage source. Following this approach, 49 unique circuits generating chaotic signals when physically realized were designed, representing the largest collection of circuits of this kind to date. These circuits are atypical as they do not trivially map onto known topologies or variations thereof. They feature diverse spectra and predom…

Statistical and Nonlinear Physics; Mathematical Physics; Physics and Astronomy (all); Applied MathematicsChaoticGeneral Physics and AstronomyHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYInductor01 natural sciencesSynchronization010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPhysics and Astronomy (all)Computer Science::Emerging TechnologiesControl theorylaw0103 physical sciencesAttractorHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSMathematical Physic010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsMathematicsElectronic circuitApplied MathematicsTransistorStatistical and Nonlinear Physicsvisual_artElectronic componentSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E Informaticavisual_art.visual_art_mediumResistorHardware_LOGICDESIGNStatistical and Nonlinear Physic
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