Search results for "fluids"
showing 10 items of 1936 documents
Fortification of milk with calcium: effect on calcium bioavailability and interactions with iron and zinc.
2006
Calcium solubility, dialysability, and transport and uptake (retention + transport) by Caco-2 cells as indicators of calcium bioavailability have been estimated in the in vitro gastrointestinal digests of milk and calcium fortified milk. A significant linear correlation (p < 0.05) was obtained between calcium uptake and the amount of soluble calcium added to the cells, and also between percentage calcium uptake and the calcium measured in the analyzed samples. The solubility, dialysis, transport, and uptake values are higher (p < 0.05) for calcium fortified milks than for nonfortified milks; that is, calcium fortification increases not only calcium content but also its bioavailability. An i…
Breakdown of separability due to confinement
2017
A simple system of two particles in a bidimensional configurational space S is studied. The possibility of breaking in S the time-independent Schrodinger equation of the system into two separated one-dimensional one-body Schrodinger equations is assumed. In this paper, we focus on how the latter property is countered by imposing such boundary conditions as confinement to a limited region of S and/or restrictions on the joint coordinate probability density stemming from the sign-invariance condition of the relative coordinate (an impenetrability condition). Our investigation demonstrates the reducibility of the problem under scrutiny into that of a single particle living in a limited domain …
Spectrometric analysis of inner divertor materials of JET carbon and ITER-like walls
2019
Abstract One of main reasons of the Joint European torus (JET) transformation from the carbon (JET-C) to ITER-like (JET-ILW) wall was high tritium retention of carbon. In order to compare the tritium retention, samples of analogous positions of the plasma-facing side of vertical tiles No. 3 of two campaigns: JET-C (2008–2009) and JET-ILW (2011–2012) were cut out. Temperature-programmed tritium desorption spectrometry in He + 0.1% H2 gas flow showed that JET-C sample without a tungsten coating had by a factor of >20 higher surface concentration of tritium than JET-ILW tungsten-coated sample: 4.9 × 1013 and 1.7–2.2 × 1012 T atoms/cm2 respectively. Installation of metallic plasma facing wall i…
Optimal control of quantum superpositions in a bosonic Josephson junction
2012
We show how to optimally control the creation of quantum superpositions in a bosonic Josephson junction within the two-site Bose-Hubbard model framework. Both geometric and purely numerical optimal control approaches are used, the former providing a generalization of the proposal of Micheli et al [Phys. Rev. A 67, 013607 (2003)]. While this method is shown not to lead to significant improvements in terms of time of formation and fidelity of the superposition, a numerical optimal control approach appears more promising, as it allows to create an almost perfect superposition, within a time short compared to other existing protocols. We analyze the robustness of the optimal solution against at…
Cavity-aided quantum parameter estimation in a bosonic double-well Josephson junction
2014
We describe an apparatus designed to make non-demolition measurements on a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a double-well optical cavity. This apparatus contains, as well as the bosonic gas and the trap, an optical cavity. We show how the interaction between the light and the atoms, under appropriate conditions, can allow for a weakly disturbing yet highly precise measurement of the population imbalance between the two wells and its variance. We show that the setting is well suited for the implementation of quantum-limited estimation strategies for the inference of the key parameters defining the evolution of the atomic system and based on measurements performed on the cavity field…
Nonlinear relaxation phenomena in metastable condensed matter systems
2016
Nonlinear relaxation phenomena in three different systems of condensed matter are investigated. (i) First, the phase dynamics in Josephson junctions is analyzed. Specifically, a superconductor-graphene-superconductor (SGS) system exhibits quantum metastable states, and the average escape time from these metastable states in the presence of Gaussian and correlated fluctuations is calculated, accounting for variations in the the noise source intensity and the bias frequency. Moreover, the transient dynamics of a long-overlap Josephson junction (JJ) subject to thermal fluctuations and non-Gaussian noise sources is investigated. Noise induced phenomena are observed, such as the noise enhanced s…
Incoherent solitons and condensation processes
2006
International audience; We study the nonlinear interaction of partially incoherent nonlinear optical waves. We show that, in spite of the incoherence of the waves, coherent phase effects may play a relevant role during the propagation, in contrast with the usual wave turbulence description of the interaction. These nonlinear phase effects may lead the system to unexpected processes of self-organization, such as condensation, or incoherent soliton generation in instantaneous response nonlinear media. Such self-organization processes may be characterized by a reduction of the non-equilibrium entropy, which violates the Boltzmann's H-theorem of entropy growth inherent to the wave turbulence th…
Human neonates prefer colostrum to mature milk: Evidence for an olfactory bias toward the "initial milk"?
2021
International audience; OBJECTIVES: Colostrum is the initial milk secretion which ingestion by neonates warrants their adaptive start in life. Colostrum is accordingly expected to be attractive to newborns. The present study aims to assess whether colostrum is olfactorily attractive for 2-day-old newborns when presented against mature milk or a control. METHODS: The head-orientation of waking newborns was videotaped in three experiments pairing the odors of: (a) colostrum (sampled on postpartum day 2, not from own mother) and mature milk (sampled on average on postpartum day 32, not from own mother) (n tested newborns = 15); (b) Colostrum and control (water; n = 9); and (c) Mature milk and …
Reduction in vitro of the minor Fusarium mycotoxin beauvericin employing different strains of probiotic bacteria
2012
Abstract The interaction between the minor Fusarium mycotoxins BEA and 13 bacterial strains characteristic of the gastrointestinal tract as Bifidobacterium longum , Bifidobacterium bifidum , Bifidobacterium breve , Bifidobacterium adolescentes , Lactobacillus rhamnosus , Lactobacillus casei-casei , Lactobacillus plantarum , Eubacterium crispatus , Salmonella fecalis , Salmonella termofilus , Lactobacillus ruminis , Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus animalis was studied. The fermentations were carried out in the liquid medium of MRS during 4, 12, 16, 24 and 48 h at 37 °C, under anaerobic conditions. Levels of BEA in the fermentation liquid, on the cell walls and on the internal part of t…
Influence of the Fermented Feed and Vaccination and Their Interaction on Parameters of Large White/Norwegian Landrace Piglets
2020
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fermented with a newly isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains combination (Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS122, Lactobacillus casei LUHS210, Lactobacillus farraginis LUHS206, Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS29, Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS135 and Lactobacillus uvarum LUHS245) feed on non-vaccinated (NV) and vaccinated with Circovac porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine (QI09AA07, CEVA-PHYLAXIA Co. Ltd. Szá