Search results for "force"
showing 10 items of 3423 documents
Il divieto di lavoro forzato nel diritto internazionale
2019
L'articolo affronta il tema della responsabilità internazionale dello Stato per il lavoro forzato esterto da privati. La domanda centrale che si pone è a quando gli Stati parti di trattati che vietano il lavoro forzato possono essere considerati responsabili, oltre che nei casi in cui ricorrano direttamente al lavoro forzato, anche in relazione a situazioni in cui a farlo siano privati operanti sul loro territorio o in luoghi sottoposti alla loro giurisdizione.
Ekspansja militarna Rosji w regionie zagrożeniem dla grupy państw nadbałtyckich : Litwy, Łotwy i Estonii
2015
The authors of this article introduce the issue of the threat of the Baltic States from Russia. Consideration of the potential hazard of the Baltic States by the Russian Federation, manifested increasingly imperialistic aspirations, we want to identify the main causes that underlie such a policy of Russia. Membership in the Baltic states of NATO and the European Union gives hope for the unity of the members of NATO and the EU, these countries will be effectively defended against growing Russian militarism.
Are we any good at protecting our societies and economies from the threat of economic crime and misconduct?
2019
PurposeThis paper aims to outline the Italian framework of rules against economic crime and to verify if Italian legislation provides for appropriate and effective measures according to own needs both at a national and European level.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a comparative approach by examining the European and Italian legal systems for finding analogies and differences between them.FindingsThe study has revealed the need of a greater international harmonisation of criminal laws and penalties as well as the transnationality of the economic crime cuts the chance of success of every national strategy, given that transnational criminals are encouraged by the awareness that thei…
Cosa nostra and Camorra: illegal activities and organizational structures
2016
This article intends to develop an introductory reflection concerning the most recent trends of two of the major Italian mafia organisations: the Sicilian Cosa Nostra and the Campanian Camorra. Following a comparative perspective, the analysis will focus the attention on changes that have occurred in recent years both at the level of illegal activities and at the level of organisational structures. After the bombs of the nineties, Cosa Nostra has moved towards a flexible and less centralised organisation, investing dirty money in the legal economic sector, to reduce its exposure to law enforcement investigations. At the same time, the Camorra clans have considerably widened their range of a…
AI for Resource Allocation and Resource Allocation for AI: a two-fold paradigm at the network edge
2022
5G-and-beyond and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are pushing a shift from the classic cloud-centric view of the network to a new edge-centric vision. In such a perspective, the computation, communication and storage resources are moved closer to the user, to the benefit of network responsiveness/latency, and of an improved context-awareness, that is, the ability to tailor the network services to the live user's experience. However, these improvements do not come for free: edge networks are highly constrained, and do not match the resource abundance of their cloud counterparts. In such a perspective, the proper management of the few available resources is of crucial importance to impr…
Out-of-Plane Behavior of URM Infill: Accuracy of Available Capacity Models
2022
The aim of this paper is to check the accuracy of analytical capacity models available for the prediction of out-of-plane strength of unreinforced masonry (URM) infill walls. The accuracy of the available models is checked by detailed comparison with the existing experimental results. In doing so, both types of capacity models are evaluated: Type I for the prediction of the strength in the undamaged state, and Type II for the prediction of strength reduction in the in-plane damaged state. Results from the calculations are discussed, and the best among the available models are recommended. Furthermore, the influence of orthotropy of the infill masonry in the out-of-plane capacity predicted b…
Polycondensed nitrogen heterocycles. Part 23. Pyrrolo[3,2-c]cinnolines by a japp-klingemann type reaction
1990
Pyrrolo[3,2-c]cinnoline derivatives were obtained by an unusual Japp-Klingemann reaction involving an intramolecular azadehalogenation on the pyrrole nucleus. Such an azadehalogenation represents the first example of Japp-Klingemann reaction in which the extrusion of positive chlorine ion is verified.
A Synthetic Model for the [4+2] Cycloaddition in the Biosynthesis of the Brevianamides, Paraherquamides, and Related Compounds
2000
Abstract The reactivity of model systems for the proposed [4+2] cycloaddition in the biosynthesis of the brevianamides, paraherquamides, and marcfortines is explored. The model for the intermolecular reaction reveals that the cycloaddition takes place under mild conditions only if activated, very reactive dienophiles are used. When relatively unreactive dienophiles such as cyclopentene and cyclohexene are used, harsh reaction conditions and/or a Lewis acid catalyst are necessary for the reaction. In contrast, the model for the intramolecular reaction demonstrates that the cycloaddition takes place within a few hours at room temperature, even in the absence of a Lewis acid catalyst. Conclusi…
Polyhydroxylated indolizidine alkaloids-synthesis of dideoxycastanospermine
2009
The key transformation developed in this work is the anti-Kishi selective dihydroxylation, which proceeds by way of intramolecular participation of the nitrogen protecting group to furnish the desired stereochemistry required for castanospermine like structures. In this paper, we completed a first syn-thesis of a novel dideoxycastanospermine 6. Peer reviewed
Ring size control in diorganotin sulphides by intramolecular SnN coordination
1992
Abstract The synthesis of intramolecularly coordinated organotin sulphides, [(Me2N CH2CH2CH2)2SnS]n (1) and [Me2NCH2CH2CH2Sn(Ph)S]n (2), is described. Compounds 1 and 2 are dimers in chloroform solution (n = 2). Compound 1 forms a centrosymmetric dimer with a planar rectangular Sn2S2 four-membered ring in its centre. The tin atoms show a distorted trans-cis-cis octahedral coordination by 2C, 2N and 2S. The tin-nitrogen distances are 2.810(3) and 3.158(5) A. Compound 1 can be regarded as a model substance for nucleophilic attack at penta-coordinate tin centres. Although the degree of intramolecular coordination of nitrogen to tin is temperature dependent, the four-membered Sn2Sn2 ring remain…