Search results for "force"

showing 10 items of 3423 documents

Controlling the anisotropy of a van der Waals antiferromagnet with light

2020

Ultrafast optical control of magnetic anisotropy in a van der Waals antiferromagnet activates a sub-THz two-dimensional magnon.

MagnetismFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters010306 general physicsAnisotropySpin (physics)MaterialsResearch ArticlesPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMagnonMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FísicaSciAdv r-articlesOptics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotoexcitationMagnetic anisotropyFerromagnetismsymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsddc:500van der Waals force0210 nano-technologyResearch Article
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Magnetized relativistic jets and helical magnetic fields

2021

This is the first of a series of two papers that deepen our understanding of the transversal structure and the properties of recollimation shocks of axisymmetric, relativistic, superfast magnetosonic, overpressured jets. They extend previous work that characterized these properties in connection with the dominant type of energy (internal, kinetic, or magnetic) in the jet to models with helical magnetic fields with larger magnetic pitch angles and force-free magnetic fields. In this paper, the magnetohydrodynamical models were computed following an approach that allows studying the structure of steady, axisymmetric, relativistic (magnetized) flows using one-dimensional time-dependent simulat…

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeAstrophysical jetanalytical [Methods]0103 physical sciencesMethods: analytical010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsJet (fluid)numerical [Methods]ToroidMethods: numerical010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsComputational physicsMagnetic fieldAmplitudeMach numberGalaxies: jetsSpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fieldssymbolsOblique shockjets [Galaxies]Lorentz forceAstronomy & Astrophysics
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The face of conflict: Significant sharp force trauma to the mid-facial skeleton in an individual of probable 16th–17th century date excavated from By…

2016

A variety of injuries have always been associated with violence, consequences of which people had to deal with. In this paper we present a complex of craniofacial and dental injuries resulted from sharp force trauma. The basis of our study was historical skeletal material excavated from archeological site in Byczyna (11th–17th century), Poland. An individual whose skeleton was exhumed from the grave No. 610 exhibited healed, oblique trauma of the left maxilla, damage to the crowns of right central and lateral incisors and concomitant luxation of the right maxillary central incisor. We describe the mechanism of this trauma and complications that resulted from damage to the masticatory appara…

Male010506 paleontologyArcheologyHistoryPaleopathologyDentistrywound healingViolence01 natural sciencesPathology and Forensic MedicineConflict PsychologicalHistory 17th Centurystomatognathic systemIncisordentoalveolar traumaviolence related traumaMaxillamedicineSharp forceHumans0601 history and archaeologyMaxillary central incisortooth injuryCraniofacialPaleopathology0105 earth and related environmental sciences060102 archaeologybusiness.industry06 humanities and the artsMasticatory forceIncisorstomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureHistory 16th CenturyMaxillaFacial skeletonPolandbusinessInternational Journal of Paleopathology
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Sexual and postmating reproductive isolation between allopatric Drosophila montana populations suggest speciation potential

2011

This work was funded by a European Commission Research Training Grant RTN2-2001-00049, the Centre of Excellence for Evolutionary Research at the University of Jyväskylä and a Marie Curie Initial Training Network, ‘Understanding the evolutionary origin of biological diversity’ (ITN-2008-213780 SPECIATION) Background: Widely distributed species with populations adapted to different environmental conditions can provide valuable opportunities for tracing the onset of reproductive incompatibilities and their role in the speciation process. Drosophila montana, a D. virilis group species found in high latitude boreal forests in Nearctic and Palearctic regions around the globe, could be an excellen…

Male0106 biological sciencesSympatryCanadaGenetic SpeciationEvolutionQH301 BiologyAllopatric speciationBiologyPremating isolationCourtship song010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEcological speciationDivergence03 medical and health sciencesQH301Hybrid zoneMelanogasterGenetic algorithmQH359-425AnimalsPatternsSelectionFinlandEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyIncipient speciation0303 health sciencesEcologyReproductionReproductive isolationMating Preference AnimalIncipient speciationReinforcementFertilityGenetics PopulationPhenotypeGenetic SpeciationEvolutionary biologyPerspectiveDrosophilaFemaleSexual Selection; Reproductive Barrier; Sexual Conflict; Cross Type; Copulation DurationResearch ArticleBMC Evolutionary Biology
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Interleukin-1β Modulation of the Mechanobiology of Primary Human Pulmonary Fibroblasts: Potential Implications in Lung Repair

2020

Pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1&beta

Male0301 basic medicinecollagenMMP2Interleukin-1betaMicroscopy Atomic Forcelcsh:ChemistryMechanobiologyCell MovementCitoquinespulmonary fibroblastsLunglcsh:QH301-705.5Col·lagenCells CulturedSpectroscopyChemistryGeneral MedicineBiomechanical PhenomenaComputer Science ApplicationsCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureIL-1βCollagenaseCytokinesFemaleCollagenMMPsType I collagenmedicine.drugAdultAdolescentFilamentous actinArticleCollagen Type ICatalysisInorganic ChemistryContractilityYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesDownregulation and upregulationcell mechanicsmedicineHumansRegenerationRNA MessengerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFibroblastMolecular BiologyCell ProliferationWound Healing030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyOrganic ChemistryFibroblastsActinsElasticityCollagen Type I alpha 1 ChainCollagen Type III030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Cyclooxygenase 2repairInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Oxytocin prevents the increase of cocaine-related responses produced by social defeat

2019

The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) plays a critical role in the regulation of social and emotional behaviors. OXT plays a role in stress response and in drug reward, but to date no studies have evaluated its implication in the long-lasting increase of the motivational effects of cocaine induced by repeated social defeat (RSD). During the social defeat procedure, 1 mg/kg of OXT was administered 30 min before each episode of RSD. Three weeks after the last defeat, the effects of cocaine on the conditioned place preference (CPP), locomotor sensitization and the self-administration (SA) paradigms were evaluated. The influence of OXT on the levels of BDNF in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), striatum an…

Male0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyConditioning ClassicalPrefrontal CortexHippocampusSelf AdministrationStriatumAnxietyOxytocinHippocampusSocial defeatMice03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineCocaineRewardSocial defeatInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsPrefrontal cortexPharmacologybusiness.industryBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorSelf-administrationExtinction (psychology)Conditioned place preferenceCorpus StriatumConditioned place preferenceDisease Models AnimalBDNF030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyOxytocinConditioning OperantSelf-administrationbusinessReinforcement PsychologyStress Psychologicalhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Sensory reweighting in frail aged adults: Are the balance deficiencies mainly compensated by visual or podal dependences?

2021

Abstract Background Postural control is based on the integration of different sensory inputs. The process of scaling the relative importance of these sensory cues (visual, vestibular and proprioceptive) depends on individuals and creates sensory preferences, leading to sensory dependences when one particular source is preponderant. In this context, the literature showed a frequent visual dependence (visual inputs weighting) in aged adults. However, the somaesthetic inputs can also be prioritised in a podal-dependent profile. In the frail aged adults, none study has shown the distribution of these two dependences. Research question Which sensory orientation profile is preferentially adopted …

Male0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyFrail Elderlymedicine.medical_treatmentPosturePopulationSensory systemContext (language use)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationmedicineHumansForce platformeducationPostural BalanceSensory cueVision OcularAgedBalance (ability)Aged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyRehabilitationProprioceptionGeneral NeuroscienceProprioceptionCross-Sectional Studies030104 developmental biologyFemaleVestibule LabyrinthPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscience Letters
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Aging and disability affect misdiagnosis of COPD in elderly asthmatics: the SARA study

2003

STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study investigated to what extent a diagnosis of COPD is erroneously made or the disease remains unrecognized in elderly asthmatic patients, and identified factors leading to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis of asthma in such patients. DESIGN: A multicenter study involving 24 Italian pulmonary or geriatric institutions. PATIENTS: One hundred twenty-eight asthmatic patients (98 women, 76.6%) aged 73 +/- 6.4 years (mean +/- SD) were selected from the cohort of the Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano (respiratory health in the elderly) study. METHODS: All patients underwent a clinical evaluation that included clinical history and spirometry with a bronchodilator test. A diag…

MaleAge FactorsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioAsthmaDiagnosis DifferentialDisability EvaluationPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveForced Expiratory VolumeHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicAge FactorFemaleGeriatric AssessmentAgedHumanRespiratory Sounds
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Rate of power development of the knee extensors across the adult life span: A cross-sectional study in 1387 Flemish Caucasians.

2018

A growing body of research in elderly populations suggests that the early phase of an explosive muscle contraction (i.e., ≤200 ms) may be more functionally relevant than peak values. However, age-related variation in early phase explosive strength has never been investigated across the full-adult life span. This cross-sectional study investigated the age-related changes in the rate of power development (RPD) and compared it to the changes in peak power (Ppeak), both in terms of magnitude and onset, across the adult life span. Age-related declines in power and determinants of muscle power were compared between sexes. 1387 adults (♂813, ♀574), aged 18-78 years, performed three maximal isoiner…

MaleAgingGeriatrics & GerontologyKnee JointCross-sectional studyIsometric exerciseBiochemistryQuadriceps Muscle0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyBelgiumSTRENGTHMedicineLongitudinal StudiesKnee extensorsWOMENMENMiddle AgedMuscle powerFORCE DEVELOPMENTSKELETAL-MUSCLERapid force productionFemaleEarly phaseLife Sciences & BiomedicineAdultAGE-RELATED DIFFERENCESAdolescentMUSCLE POWERWhite People03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultIsometric ContractionGeneticsHumansKneeTORQUE CHARACTERISTICSMuscle StrengthOLDER-ADULTSMolecular BiologyAgedScience & Technologybusiness.industryResistance trainingExplosive strength030229 sport sciencesCell BiologyPERFORMANCEAdult lifeAgeingCross-Sectional StudiesMuscle functionLinear Modelsbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemographyExperimental gerontology
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Work careers in adults separated temporarily from their parents in childhood during World War II.

2019

Introduction: Traumatic experiences, such as separation from parents in childhood causing early life stress (ELS) may increase the risk of adverse long-term health outcomes and biological age-related changes. This may have an impact on work career. Our aim was to examine long term consequences of ELS due to temporary separation from parents during World War II (WWII) in relation to work career. - Material and methods: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study comprises 13,345 individuals born in Helsinki, Finland, between the years 1934–1944. From the original cohort, 1781 individuals were identified as being separated temporarily from their parents due to World War II. Information on date and type o…

MaleAgingTime FactorsWorld War IILabor forcePsychological interventionCHILDREN3124 Neurology and psychiatrySocial insuranceCohort Studies0302 clinical medicinelife cycleMedicine030212 general & internal medicinekrooniset tauditmedia_commonlabor forceRISKCareer ChoicePSYCHOPATHOLOGYta3142Middle AgedEXPERIENCESPREVALENCEPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyEARLY-LIFE STRESS8. Economic growthWorkforceCohortFemaleHEALTHLife stresserottelu515 Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectLife cycleelämänkaariChronic diseaseSeparation03 medical and health sciencesMENTAL-DISORDERSADVERSITYtyöuraHumansPensionbusiness.industryDISABILITYaginglife stressstressilapsuusDisability pensionikääntyminenUnemploymentsotalapsetbusinesschronic disease030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRetirement ageStress PsychologicalDemographyJournal of psychosomatic research
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