Search results for "force"

showing 10 items of 3423 documents

Withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: A meta-analysis

2017

Background Conflicting findings exist on the benefit of withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a quantitative synthesis in order to assess real impact of ICS discontinuation in COPD patients. Methods We carried out a meta-analysis via random-effects model on the available clinical evidence to evaluate the effect of ICS discontinuation in COPD. Randomized clinical trials and observational real-life studies investigating the effects of ICS withdrawal on the risk of COPD exacerbation, lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]) and quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ]) were identified by sear…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classSocio-culturaleSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriolaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineGlucocorticoidQuality of lifeRandomized controlled triallawInhaled corticosteroidForced Expiratory VolumeAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineGlucocorticoidsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRespiratory Function TestCOPDInhaled corticosteroidsbusiness.industryChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseBiochemistry (medical)medicine.diseaseRespiratory Function TestsDiscontinuationrespiratory tract diseasesChronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Inhaled corticosteroids; Withdrawal030228 respiratory systemWithholding TreatmentMeta-analysisRelative riskWithdrawalQuality of LifeCorticosteroidObservational studyChronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Inhaled corticosteroids; Withdrawal; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Biochemistry (medical); Pharmacology (medical)businessHuman
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Prevalence and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients with COVID-19 (COVID-D): a multicentre cohort study

2021

Background: To date, 750 000 patients with COVID-19 worldwide have required mechanical ventilation and thus are at high risk of acute brain dysfunction (coma and delirium). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of delirium and coma, and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients with COVID-19, to aid the development of strategies to mitigate delirium and associated sequelae. Methods: This multicentre cohort study included 69 adult intensive care units (ICUs), across 14 countries. We included all patients (aged ≥18 years) admitted to participating ICUs with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection before April 28, 2020. Patients who were moribund or had life-suppo…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentcovid-19; deliriumOutcomesLower riskCritical IlnessTask-Force03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinedeliriumSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingIntensive-Care-UnitIntensive careSettore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAmedicineSurvivors030212 general & internal medicineSimplified Acute Physiology ScoreMechaniically Ventilated PatientsEpitiomologyMechanical ventilationComaIntensive-Care-Unit Mechaniically Ventilated Patients Clinical practice Guidelines Critical Ilness Task-Force Sedation ICU Survivors Outcomes Epitiomologybusiness.industrycovidRetrospective cohort studyArticlesClinical practice Guidelinescovid delirium030228 respiratory systemcovid-19SedationICUEmergency medicineDeliriummedicine.symptombusinessCohort studyThe Lancet. Respiratory Medicine
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Persistence of both reversible airway obstruction and higher blood eosinophils may predict lung function decline in severe asthma.

2021

Objective: This study analysed whether the persistence of both reversible airway obstruction (RAO) and elevated BE counts was associated to reduced asthma control and accelerated lung function decline in treated severe asthmatics. Methods: About 202 severe asthmatics were studied after 12–120 months of step-5 treatment associated to anti-IgE therapy. Following treatments, reversibility tests, after inhaling 400 mcg of Salbutamol, were performed. FEV1 > 12% or ≤12% changes differentiated RAO+ from RAO− subjects. Blood eosinophil (BE) counts after treatment were considered. Results: Pre-/post-treatment bronchodilator FEV1% and ACT were lower (61% [50–71], 74.4% [62.5–83.7] and 20[18–22]), …

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinesevere asthmamedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classSevere asthmaEosinophilSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioGastroenterologyPersistence (computer science)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineBronchodilatorallergic asthma blood eosinophil bronchodilator reversibility lung function decline severe asthma salbutamolForced Expiratory VolumemedicineSettore MED/10Immunology and AllergyHumans030212 general & internal medicineBlood eosinophilLungGenetics (clinical)Lung functionBronchodilator Agentallergic asthma; blood eosinophil; bronchodilator reversibility; lung function decline; severe asthma; salbutamol; bronchodilator agents; eosinophils; forced expiratory volume; humans; lung; airway obstruction; asthmabusiness.industrylung function declineAirway obstructionmedicine.diseaseAsthmaBronchodilator AgentsAirway ObstructionEosinophilsbronchodilator reversibility030228 respiratory systemsalbutamolSalbutamolBlood eosinophilsbusinessallergic asthmamedicine.drugHumanblood eosinophilThe clinical respiratory journalREFERENCES
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A comprehensive evaluation of potential lung function associated genes in the SpiroMeta general population sample

2011

Lung function measures are heritable traits that predict population morbidity and mortality and are essential for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Variations in many genes have been reported to affect these traits, but attempts at replication have provided conflicting results. Recently, we undertook a meta-analysis of Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) results for lung function measures in 20,288 individuals from the general population (the SpiroMeta consortium). OBJECTIVES: To comprehensively analyse previously reported genetic associations with lung function measures, and to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genomic regions…

PulmonologyChronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseasesEpidemiologyVital Capacitylcsh:MedicineGenome-wide association studyBioinformaticsPDE4DPulmonary function testingPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineForced Expiratory VolumePHOSPHODIESTERASE 4D GENElcsh:ScienceLungRISK0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyCOPDMultidisciplinaryAlpha 1-antitrypsin deficiencyGreat BritainALPHA(1)-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCYta3141ta3142respiratory system3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health3. Good healthRespiratory Function Testsmedicine.anatomical_structureGenetic EpidemiologyScience & Technology - Other TopicsMedicineBiological MarkersHEALTHResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyGeneral Science & TechnologyPopulationObstructive pulmonary-disease; Phosphodiesterase 4D gene; Alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency; Health; PDE4D; RiskPolymorphism Single NucleotideOBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE03 medical and health sciencesMeta-Analysis as TopicMolecular geneticsMD MultidisciplinarymedicineGeneticsGenome-Wide Association StudiesHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseeducationBiology030304 developmental biologyAsthmaScience & TechnologyLungMULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCESbusiness.industryGenome Humanlcsh:RSmoking Related DisordersSpiroMeta Consortiummedicine.diseaseUnited KingdomAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesGenetics of Diseaselcsh:Qbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiomarkersGenome-Wide Association Study
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Synthesis and self-assembly of novel fluorous cationic amphiphiles with a 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridone spacer

2011

Abstract The synthesis of fluorous (highly fluorinated) 3,4-dihydro-2(1 H )-pyridone-5-carboxylate cationic amphiphiles have been described, where the dihydropyridone serves as a spacer and either a pyridinium bromide or a triphenylphosphonium bromide form the polar cationic head group. The in water self-assembled aggregates have been observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).

Pyridinium bromideAtomic force microscopyOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationBiochemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDynamic light scatteringBromidePolymer chemistryAmphiphileEnvironmental ChemistryOrganic chemistrySelf-assemblyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Fluorine Chemistry
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Synthesis and electronic aspects of tetrahydrobenzothienopyrimidine derivatives

2015

Abstract The chemistry of thiophenes, pyrimidines, triazolopyrimidines and benzothiophenes has drawn much attention because of their biological activities. Their interesting properties are connected with their complex π-electron delocalisation effects. Herein the synthesis, crystal and molecular structures at 100 K and DFT calculated structures of three tetrahydrobenzothienopyrimidine derivatives are reported i.e. 4-hydrazino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine which was a substrate for 2-phenyl-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro[1]benzothieno[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine and 3-methyl-9,10,11,12-tetrahydro-2H-[1]benzothieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[1,6-b][1,2,4]triazin-2-one. Moreover t…

Pyrimidinetetrahydrobenzothienopyrimidine derivativesHirshfeld surfaceOrganic ChemistryIntermolecular forceAromaticityCrystal structureRing (chemistry)DFT calculationsAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundcrystal structuresHOMA indexchemistryComputational chemistryThiopheneMoleculeSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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Pārrobežu parādu piedziņa civillietās un komerclietās - Eiropas līmeņa izpildu dokumentu izpildāmības nosacījumi, problemātika un aktualitātes zvērin…

2017

Maģistra darba mērķis ir apzināt un apkopot Eiropas līmeņa izpildu dokumentu un to izpildes procesu būtību pārrobežu piedziņas lietās, pētot gan tiesībzinātnieku atziņas, gan pieejamo Eiropas Savienības tiesas un Latvijas Republikas tiesu judikatūru. Maģistra darbā galvenokārt pievērsta uzmanība Eiropas Savienības dalībvalsts tiesas nolēmuma izpildes procesam, efektivitātei un problemātikai, veicot secinājumus un izvirzot priekšlikumus faktiskās un tiesiskās situācijas uzlabošanai. Maģistra darba mērķa sasniegšanai autore izvirzījusi uzdevumus, kuru sasniegšanai nepieciešama padziļināta Eiropas Savienības līmeņa izpildu dokumentu, civillietu un komerclietu jēdzienu izpēte, kā arī veicama vi…

Pārrobežu tiesas nolēmumu piespiedu izpilde/Cross-border decisions enforced fulfilmentEiropas procedūra maza apmēra prasībām/Eropean small claims procedureEiropas izpildes rīkojums/European enforcement orderEiropas Maksājuma rīkojums/European payment orderEiropas Savienības līmeņa izpildu dokumenti civillietas un komerclietas/European level enforcement documents civil and comercial mattersJuridiskā zinātne
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Lévy flights and Lévy-Schrödinger semigroups

2010

We analyze two different confining mechanisms for L\'{e}vy flights in the presence of external potentials. One of them is due to a conservative force in the corresponding Langevin equation. Another is implemented by Levy-Schroedinger semigroups which induce so-called topological Levy processes (Levy flights with locally modified jump rates in the master equation). Given a stationary probability function (pdf) associated with the Langevin-based fractional Fokker-Planck equation, we demonstrate that generically there exists a topological L\'{e}vy process with the very same invariant pdf and in the reverse.

QC1-999FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy05.40.jcLévy process05.20.-yMaster equationFOS: MathematicsInvariant (mathematics)cauchy noiseCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsMathematical physicsMathematicslévy semigroupsStationary distributionStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)02.50.eyPhysicsProbability (math.PR)symmetric stable noisestationary densitiesMathematical Physics (math-ph)Function (mathematics)lévy flightsLangevin equationconfining potentialsLévy flight05.10.ggschrödinger boundary data problemConservative forceMathematics - ProbabilityOpen Physics
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Transition structure selectivity in enzyme catalysis: a QM/MM study of chorismate mutase

2001

Two different transition structures (TSs) have been located and characterized for the chorismate conversion to prephenate in Bacillus subtilis chorismate mutase by means of hybrid quantum-mechanical/molecular-mechanical (QM/MM) calculations. GRACE software, combined with an AM1/CHARMM24/TIP3P potential, has been used involving full gradient relaxation of the position of ca. 3300 atoms. These TSs have been connected with their respective reactants and products by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) procedure carried out in the presence of the protein environment, thus obtaining for the first time a realistic enzymatic reaction path for this reaction. Similar QM/MM computational schemes h…

QM/MMComputational chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondIntramolecular forceChorismate mutaseMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySelectivityChemical reactionEnzyme catalysisTheoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta)
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Stochastic response of MDOF wind-excited structures by means of Volterra series approach

1998

Abstract The role played by the quadratic term of the forcing function in the response statistics of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) wind-excited linear-elastic structures is investigated. This is accomplished by modeling the structural response as a Volterra series up to the second order and neglecting the wind-structure interaction. In order to reduce the computational effort due to the calculation of a large number of multiple integrals, required by the used approach, a recent model of the wind stochastic field is adopted.

Quadratic equationStochastic fieldForce functionControl theoryRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentExcited stateMultiple integralMechanical EngineeringVolterra seriesApplied mathematicsMathematicsTerm (time)Civil and Structural Engineering
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