Search results for "freedom"

showing 10 items of 458 documents

Communist Authorities Contra Brother Kloc. The Battlefront Against The Illegal Trade of Devotional Items in The Koźle District In 1965

2019

W artykule przedstawiony został casus jednego z zakonników Kościoła Katolickiego. Zdaniem autora przypadek ten dobrze ilustruje realia, w jakich przyszło żyć duchowieństwu w Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej. Wojciech Kloc, ze Zgromadzenia Braci Albertynów, prowadził handel dewocjonaliami w celu zarobienia pieniędzy na remont dachu domu zakonnego. Z tego powodu został zatrzymany przez milicję przed jednym z kościołów w Kędzierzynie (powiat kozielski), gdzie odebrano mu dewocjonalia, którymi handlował oraz pieniądze, które przy nim znaleziono. Czyn, którego się dopuścił zakonnik, został zakwalifikowany jako przestępstwo w świetle ustawy z 1958 r. o zezwoleniach na wykonywanie przemysłu, rzem…

Deedpolska rzeczpospolita ludowazakonnicyPRLPolska Rzeczpospolita Ludowachurch-state relationsrade in the period of People’s Republic of Polandkościół w prlCraftPolska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa; PRL; handel w PRL; wolność sumienia i religii; relacje państwo-kościół; zakonnicy; duchowni; osoba duchowna; Kościół w PRL; Kościół KatolickiPolitical sciencereligious freedomBPeople’s Republic of Polandhandel w prlduchownifreedom of conscience and religionlaw on religionprlPhilosophy. Psychology. ReligionKościół KatolickiReligious freedomrelacje państwo-kościółosoba duchownamonkskościół katolickiKBrotherCourt costsKościół w PRLState TreasuryChurch in the period of People’s Republic of PolandOrder (business)Church-state relationsLawwolność sumienia i religiiclergyLawCatholic Churchhandel w PRL
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Dipolar coupling of nanoparticle-molecule assemblies: An efficient approach for studying strong coupling

2021

Strong light-matter interactions facilitate not only emerging applications in quantum and non-linear optics but also modifications of materials properties. In particular the latter possibility has spurred the development of advanced theoretical techniques that can accurately capture both quantum optical and quantum chemical degrees of freedom. These methods are, however, computationally very demanding, which limits their application range. Here, we demonstrate that the optical spectra of nanoparticle-molecule assemblies, including strong coupling effects, can be predicted with good accuracy using a subsystem approach, in which the response functions of the different units are coupled only a…

Degrees of freedom (statistics)General Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleFOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistryoptiset ominaisuudet01 natural scienceslinear combination of atomic orbitalstime dependent density functional theorynanorakenteet0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)MoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryoptical spectroscopyQuantumPhysicssurface optics010304 chemical physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicstiheysfunktionaaliteoriapolarizability0104 chemical sciencesplasmonitRange (mathematics)DipoleChemical physicsDensity functional theorynanoparticlesnanohiukkasetplasmonsMagnetic dipole–dipole interaction
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Adiabatic Elimination and Sub-space Evolution of Open Quantum Systems

2020

Efficient descriptions of open quantum systems can be obtained by performing an adiabatic elimination of the fast degrees of freedom and formulating effective operators for the slow degrees of freedom in reduced dimensions. Here, we perform the construction of effective operators in frequency space, and using the final value theorem or alternatively the Keldysh theorem, we provide a correction for the trace of the density matrix which takes into account the non trace-preserving character of the evolution. We illustrate our results with two different systems, ones where the eliminated fast subspace is constituted by a continuous set of states and ones with discrete states. Furthermore, we sh…

Density matrixTrace (linear algebra)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)PopulationDegrees of freedom (statistics)FOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Atomic Physics[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Physics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Statistical physics010306 general physicsAdiabatic processeducationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)education.field_of_studyQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsDetailed balanceFinal value theorem[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Subspace topology
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Estonian e-Residency: a model for Europe

2020

This paper aims to examine one of the main implications of freedom of establishment: since it is possible to transfer a company abroad effortlessly, in fact, governments are adopting various strategies to make themselves more attractive. These are based on two main directives: first, a convenient tax system, as in Malta, on the other side technology, as proposed in Estonia. These countries’ strategy is radically different: Malta offers an extremely profitable tax system, while Estonia, on the other side, is the only nation in Europe where the optimal use of technology and its potential allows the consolidation and implementation of a totally digital system, whose advantages outweigh those o…

Digital revolution e-residency Estonia freedom of establishment money launderingSettore IUS/02 - Diritto Privato Comparato
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Competition between inter- and intra- molecular energy exchanges in a simple quantum model of a dimer

2006

Abstract We propose a fully quantum model to describe the dynamics of a possible radiationless energy transfer process between identical and nearly localized molecules or monomers coupled through a dipole–dipole term. The system is studied as an environmentally isolated dimeric pair and we find that its dynamics exhibits a competition between the process ruling out the transfer of energy among different degrees of freedom of a given monomer and the one steering the intermolecular passage of excitations from a monomer to the other one. Such a competition is quantitatively characterized investigating on the temporal behaviour of quantum covariances of some couples of appropriate observables h…

DimerIntermolecular forceDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)ObservableCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryQuantum covarianceCompetition (economics)chemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryEnergy transferChemical physicsIntermolecular energy exchangeMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsQuantumJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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Monte Carlo Simulation of a Modified Chi Distribution with Unequal Variances in the Generating Gaussians. A Discrete Methodology to Study Collective …

2020

The Chi distribution is a continuous probability distribution of a random variable obtained from the positive square root of the sum of k squared variables, each coming from a standard Normal distribution (mean = 0 and variance = 1). The variable k indicates the degrees of freedom. The usual expression for the Chi distribution can be generalised to include a parameter which is the variance (which can take any value) of the generating Gaussians. For instance, for k = 3, we have the case of the Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB) distribution of the particle velocities in the Ideal Gas model of Physics. In this work, we analyse the case of unequal variances in the generating Gaussians whose distribution w…

Distribution (number theory)Chi distributionKeywords: Chi distributionGeneral MathematicsMonte Carlo methodDegrees of freedom (statistics)050109 social psychology02 engineering and technologyMaxwell-Boltzmann distributionNormal distributionsymbols.namesake0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer Science (miscellaneous)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesdiscrete modelStatistical physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)lcsh:Mathematics05 social sciencesVariance (accounting)lcsh:QA1-939Maxwell–Boltzmann distributionPsicologiasymbolsreaction times020201 artificial intelligence & image processingRandom variable
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Taxation in Romania – Some Positive Aspects

2013

Abstract The field of taxation is often a subject of analysis, due to its importance for the formation and administration of public financial resources. By taking into account the local, national and international size of taxation, may be thus identified strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Although the taxation in Romania is often criticized both by taxpayers and by specialists, there is a progress in taxation field as a result of actions taken in forming and managing fiscal revenues. Without claiming an exhaustive approach, through this article we mention some positive aspects of Romanian taxation. We believe that these should be consolidated and continued.

Double taxationPublic economicsEconomic policyRomanianTax administrationGeneral EngineeringEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyInternational taxationAdministration (probate law)language.human_languageVoluntary tax complianceTaxationFiscal freedomlanguageEconomicsRevenueQuality standardsTax administrationTax lawProcedia Economics and Finance
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Fractional Derivatives in Interval Analysis

2017

In this paper, interval fractional derivatives are presented. We consider uncertainty in both the order and the argument of the fractional operator. The approach proposed takes advantage of the property of Fourier and Laplace transforms with respect to the translation operator, in order to first define integral transform of interval functions. Subsequently, the main interval fractional integrals and derivatives, such as the Riemann–Liouville, Caputo, and Riesz, are defined based on their properties with respect to integral transforms. Moreover, uncertain-but-bounded linear fractional dynamical systems, relevant in modeling fractional viscoelasticity, excited by zero-mean stationary Gaussian…

Dynamical systems Integral equations02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTransfer functionInterval arithmeticStructural Uncertainty Viscoelasticity Fractional Calculus Interval Analysissymbols.namesake0203 mechanical engineeringDynamical systemsmedicine0101 mathematicsSafety Risk Reliability and QualityIntegral equationsMathematicsSine and cosine transformsLaplace transformMechanical EngineeringDegrees of freedomMathematical analysisStiffnessFractional calculus010101 applied mathematics020303 mechanical engineering & transportsFourier transformsymbolsmedicine.symptomSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniSafety Research
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Dyskryminacja ze względu na bezwyznaniowość w pracy. Rozważania na kanwie orzeczeń sądowych zapadłych w sprawie dotyczącej G.J

2021

Kazus G. J. dotyczy dyskryminacji nauczycielki, która dwukrotnie zdjęła ze ściany pokoju nauczycielskiego krzyż. Swoje zachowanie tłumaczyła negatywnymi skojarzeniami z tym symbolem religijnym. Została ukarana dyscyplinarnie przez dyrekcję szkoły, co uznała za dyskryminację jej osoby ze względu na jej bezwyznaniowość. Złożyła do sądu pozew o odszkodowanie z tytułu molestowania w miejscu pracy i uzyskała korzystne dla siebie rozstrzygniecie. Po prawomocnym zakończeniu sprawy wniesiona została skarga nadzwyczajna do Sądu Najwyższego z wnioskiem o uchylenie wyroku całości i orzeczenie przez Sąd Najwyższy co do istoty sprawy. W powyższej sprawie przedmiotem rozstrzygnięcia nie była kwestia eksp…

Dyskryminacja pracowniczawolność sumieniaEmployee discriminationthe freedom of consciencereligii i światopoglądusymbole religijne w przestrzeni publicznejreligion on beliefthe religious symbols in public spaceStudia Prawnoustrojowe
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Economic Freedom and the Pursuit of Happiness

2011

Economic freedom HappinessSettore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica
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