Search results for "fumo"
showing 10 items of 67 documents
Simultaneous determination of mycotoxin in commercial coffee
2015
Abstract Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that usually contaminate food products. Coffee is a natural product susceptible to mycotoxin contamination. The present study evaluates the presence of nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 Toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, aflatoxin B 1 , aflatoxin B 2 , aflatoxin G 1 , aflatoxin G 2 , fumonisin B 1 , fumonisin B 2 , ochratoxin A, zearalenone, enniatin A, enniatin A 1 , enniatin B, enniatin B 1 , and beauvericin in coffee samples, using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results show that zearalenone was not present in any sample. In the positive samples the contents of fumonisins ranged from…
Determination of multiple mycotoxins in feedstuffs by combined use of UPLC–MS/MS and UPLC–QTOF–MS
2018
In this report, a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, T-2 and HT-2 toxins, fusarenone X, diacetoxyscirpenol, and 3- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol in feedstuffs was developed. A quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer detector (QTOF-MS) operating in full scan mode was combined with the UPLC-ESI-MS/MS system to confirm the identity of detected mycotoxins and to identify other possible microbial metabolites occurring in samples. Sixty-two feed samples from the Spanish market were analyzed. Extraction of metabolites was carried out with acetonitrile-water-formic acid (80:19:1, v/v/v). Method detection a…
Predominant mycotoxins, mycotoxigenic fungi and climate change related to wine
2017
Wine is a significant contributor to the economies of many countries. However, the commodity can become contaminated with mycotoxins produced by certain fungi. Most information on mycotoxins in wine is from Spain, Italy and France. Grapes can be infected by mycotoxigenic fungi, of which Aspergillus carbonarius producing ochratoxin A (OTA) is of highest concern. Climate is the most important factor in determining contamination once the fungi are established, with high temperatures being a major factor for OTA contamination: OTA in wine is at higher concentrations in warmer southern Europe than northern. Contamination by fumonisins is a particular concern, related to Aspergillus niger produci…
A reliable screening of mycotoxins and pesticide residues in paprika using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution Or…
2016
Abstract In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to a high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Orbitrap-HRMS) was demonstrated as a promising technique in high-throughput method development for the routine analysis and contamination control of mycotoxins and pesticide residues in spices. The method was applied for the analysis of fifty ground paprika samples containing blends of sweet and hot paprika harvested in Brazil and China. The efficiency and detection sensitivity of the used UHPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS technique were compared to the results obtained using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometric detector (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). The values of recover…
Potential Health Risk Associated with Mycotoxins in Oat Grains Consumed in Spain
2021
Spain is a relevant producer of oats (Avena sativa), but to date there has been no study on the occurrence/co-occurrence of mycotoxins in oats marketed in Spain. The present study is addressed to overcome this lack of knowledge. One hundred oat kernel samples were acquired across different Spanish geographic regions during the years 2015–2019 and analyzed for mycotoxin content using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–MS/MS) method and matrix-matched calibration. The focus was on the regulated mycotoxins although other relevant mycotoxins were considered. The percentage of incidence (levels ≥ limit of detection), mean an…
Polimorfismi del gene CYP2A6 e dipendenza dal fumo in un gruppo di soggetti della Sicilia Occidentale
2006
E’ stato dimostrato che la diversa capacità di metabolizzare alcune sostanze è la conseguenza di differenze geneticamente determinate nelle attività di alcuni enzimi. In particolare, il citocromo P450 CYP2A6 ha diversi livelli di espressione interindividuali ed interetnici a causa di polimorfismi genetici; metabolizza circa il 70-80% della nicotina e ciò determina in alcune popolazioni una dipendenza interindividuale più o meno elevata dal fumo di sigaretta. Più in dettaglio, individui con alleli CYP2A6 con elevata attività metabolizzante (CYP2A6*1) avranno una maggiore dipendenza dalla nicotina, poiché questa, essendo metabolizzata velocemente, rimane nell’organismo per breve tempo: di con…
Alitosi transitoria e le abitudini voluttuarie
2008
La relazione tratta degli aspetti eziopatogenetici e del management clinico-diagnostico dell’alitosi transitoria associata ad abitudini voluttuarie, quali l’assunzione di alcolici e il fumo di tabacco. E' inoltre presentato il problema dell’alitosi da cibo e della dieta alitogena
Prevenzione primaria, counselling anti-fumo, comunicazione odontoiatra-paziente
2021
Il carcinoma a cellule squamose, la più frequente neoplasia maligna del cavo orale, è gravato da un elevato tasso di mortalità, spesso correlato a ritardo diagnostico, e da un forte impatto sulla qualità della vita nei pazienti che ne sono affetti. Si tratta di una malattia con fattori di rischio noti, prevenibile e facilmente diagnosticabile, nei confronti della quale, tuttavia, non sono messe in atto misure preventive appropriate sia di prevenzione primaria (controllo dei fattori di rischio) che di prevenzione secondaria (diagnosi precoce). L’incidenza di tale neoplasia, infatti, è aumentata negli ultimi decenni; parimenti, non sono stati rilevati significativi miglioramenti nei tassi di …