Search results for "functional"

A trait-based analysis of cover crop strategies for resource acquisition and use: application to weed control in banana cropping systems

2014

International audience

Spatial distribution of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning

2011

Molecular analyses of soil denitrifying bacteria

2006

A trait-based method to choose cover plants the best adapted to a cropping system

2014

International audience

Changing agricultural practices modifies the species and trait composition of the weed flora. A simulation study using a cropping system model

2013

International audience; Cropping systems change over time to adapt to socio-economical and environmental constraints and to profit from technological innovations. These changes can result in unexpected side-effects which are difficult to determine in fields. The objective of the present study was to use a cropping system model to evaluate the impacts of modified agricultural practices ex ante on weeds. The FLORSYS model quantifies the effect of crop succession, management techniques and climate on multi-specific weed dynamics over the years; it was parameterized with functional relationships predicting model parameters (e.g. pre-emergent seedling mortality) from species traits (e.g. seed ma…

Contribution to the research of microbial and RedOx bio-indicators for the early characterisation of wood diseases in grapevines

2022

Grapevine trunk diseases, linked to pathogenic fungi whose mechanism of action is still poorly characterised, are responsible for grapevine decline in vineyards throughout the world, causing significant losses in productivity and yield in the wine sector. Given the current lack of effective solutions to stop the establishment of the disease and the development of symptoms, which are irreversible but often late in relation to the pathogenic infection, early diagnosis of these diseases is essential. Considering the grapevine holobiont, i.e. the grapevine and the microbiota interacting with, we hypothesise that early bio-indicators of diseases would make it possible to identify a disturbance i…

Different Medicago truncatula genotypes, expressing different phenotypes, modulate microbial functional genes in the rhizosphere

2022

Plants host in their rhizosphere a remarkable diversity of microorganisms that in return promote plant growth and health. Thus, the plant microbiota emerges as a novel component that expand the capacity of plants to adapt to the environment, and thus pave the way for future breeding approaches.It is widely known that different plant species harbor different microbiota, but very few studies showed an impact of the plant genotypes on the microbiota. These contrasting results may depend on the choice of the tested genotypes.We formulate the hypothesis that only those plant genotypes showing high genetic diversity and expressing different phenotypes harbor different rhizosphere microbiota and a…

Identification of functional markers of mycorrhiza efficiency in vineyard

2021

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form a mutualistic symbiotic association with more than 80% ofland plants, including vines. Advantages of this mutualistic symbiosis are countless. Rootcolonisation by mycorrhizal fungi is mainly evaluated through staining and microscopicobservation. However those technics do not allow to differentiate different mycorrhizal fungi.In order to overcome those limits other tools, like antibodies, isoenzymes and molecular biologytechnics, can be used. Nevertheless, all of these methods “only” allow detection of the presenceof mycorrhizal fungi, whereas no information is provided on the proper mycorrhizal symbiosisfunctioning, and therefore on the benefits provided to…

Agricultural advances

2013

CT3 ; Département E.A. ; SOFIA; Agricultural advances

Protein S-nitrosylation: specificity and identification strategies in plants

2015

SPE Pôle IPM UB; International audience; The role of nitric oxide (NO) as a major regulator of plant physiological functions has become increasingly evident. To further improve our understanding of its role, within the last few years plant biologists have begun to embrace the exciting opportunity of investigating protein S-nitrosylation, a major reversible NO-dependent post-translational modification (PTM) targeting specific Cys residues and widely studied in animals. Thanks to the development of dedicated proteomic approaches, in particular the use of the biotin switch technique (BST) combined with mass spectrometry, hundreds of plant protein candidates for S-nitrosylation have been identi…