Search results for "gadolinium"

Identifying the origin of the nonmonotonic thickness dependence of spin-orbit torque and interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in a ferrimagn…

2020

Electrical manipulation of magnetism via spin-orbit torques (SOTs) promises efficient spintronic devices. In systems comprising magnetic insulators and heavy metals, SOTs have started to be investigated only recently, especially in systems with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI). Here, we quantitatively study the SOT efficiency and iDMI in a series of gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) / thulium iron garnet (TmIG) / platinum (Pt) heterostructures with varying TmIG and Pt thicknesses. We find that the non-monotonic SOT efficiency as a function of the magnetic layer thickness is not consistent with the 1/thickness dependence expected from a simple interfacial SOT mechanism. Mor…

Synthesis, Structure, Spectroscopic Studies and Magnetic Properties of the Tetrakis(5,7‐dichloro‐8‐quinolinolato)gadolinium(III) Complex

2008

The synthesis and structural characterization of the neutral gadolinium tetrakis-type complex with 5,7-dichloro-8-quinolinolato (H5,7ClQ) ligands, [Gd(5,7ClQ)2(H5,7ClQ)2Cl], is reported. The GdIII ion is epta coordinated to one chloride ion and to four ligands: two N,O-chelated monoanions and two as zwitterionic (+NH and O–) monodentate oxygen donors. Electronic and vibrational spectra provide suitable markers to distinguish the presence of deprotonated and protonated ligands. The magnetic behaviour of this compound was investigated and explained by taking into account that π–π stacking interactions between the (H5,7ClQ) ligands give rise to a ferromagnetic interaction between the gadoliniu…

TOXICITY INDUCED BY GADOLINIUM IONS ON DEVELOPING SEA URCHIN EMBRYOS

2016

Pharmaceuticals are a class of emerging environmental contaminants. Gadolinium (Gd) is a metal of the lanthanide series of the elements whose chelates are commonly employed as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, and subsequently released into the aquatic environment. We investigated the effects of exposure to sublethal Gd concentrations on the development of four phylogenetically and geographically distant species: two Mediterranean species, Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula, and two species living in the East coast of Australia, Heliocidaris tuberculata and Centrostephanus rodgersii. Measures of the Gd and Ca content inside embryos by ICPMS showed a time- and dose-depend…

The toxic effect of gadolinium ions on sea urchin embryos: comparison among phylogenetically distant species and focus on mechanisms regulating stres…

2016

Gadolinium (Gd) is a metal of the lanthanide series of the elements whose chelates are commonly employed as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, and subsequently released into the aquatic environment. We investigated the consequences of sea urchin embryo exposure to sublethal Gd concentrations, comparing the effects on the development of four phylogenetically and geographically distant species: two Mediterranean species, Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula, and two species living in the East coast of Australia, Heliocidaris tuberculata and Centrostephanus rodgersii. Measures of the Gd content inside embryos by ICP-MS showed a time- and dose-dependent increase. In all these s…

Meningioma of the cerebellopontine angle mimicking benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

2009

Not available

The Global Reading Room: Imaging Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2022

Ultrasmall Rigid Particles as Multimodal Probes for Medical Applications

2011

International audience; Ultrasmall but multifunctional: Rigid imaging particles that are smaller than 5 nm in size can be obtained in a top-down process starting from a core–shell structure (core=gadolinium oxide; shell=polysiloxane). They represent the first multifunctional silica-based particles that are sufficiently small to escape hepatic clearance and enable animal imaging by four complementary techniques.

A step further in the comprehension of the magnetic coupling in gadolinium(III)-based carboxylate complexes

2013

Three new gadolinium(III) complexes of formula [Gd4(bta) 3(H2O)16]n·12nH2O (1), [Gd4(bta)3(H2O)12] n·18nH2O (2) and [Gd2(H 2bta)(bta)(H2O)2]n·4nH 2O (3) (H4bta = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid) have been synthesized and their structures determined by X-ray diffraction. 1 and 3 are three-dimensional compounds whereas 2 exhibits a two-dimensional structure. The ability of the bta4- to adopt different coordination modes accounts for these high dimensionalities although it precludes a rational structural design. The structures of 1-3 have in common the double oxo-carboxylate bridge between gadolinium(III) ions (μ-O: κ2O,O′) either as a discrete units (1 and 2) or as a chain (3) and one (3)…

Phenol compounds for Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dosimetry in gamma and neutron field

2015

The use of neutrons for cancer treatments has stimulated the research for beam characterization in order to optimize the therapy procedures in Neutron Capture Therapy (Altieri, 2008). Several research laboratories have shown an increasing interest aimed at extending the applicability of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dosimetry to radiotherapy with different types of radiation beams. In particular, ESR spectrometry provides absorbed dose measurements through the detection of the stable free radicals produced by ionizing radiations. The ESR dosimetric method has many advantages such as simple and rapid dose evaluation, the readout procedure is non-destructive, linear response of many organic a…

The use of gadolinium for ESR dosimetry

2010

The application of gadolinium to sensitize Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dosimeters is reviewed. This nucleus is chosen because it has very good features in interacting with ionizing radiations. In particular, it has a very high capture cross section for thermal neutrons which favors the interactions of these particles within the detector; moreover, the charged secondary particles released after neutron interactions (mainly Auger and internal conversion electrons) are able to release their energy close the gadolinium site and, therefore, inside the sensitive volume of the detector. Consequently, the addition of gadolinium inside ESR dosimeters produces a significant enhancement of thermal n…