Search results for "gall"
showing 10 items of 903 documents
Determination of mercury, cadmium, chromium and lead in marine organisms by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry
1986
Gallium modulates osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro without affecting osteoblasts.
2010
Gallium (Ga) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of disorders associated with accelerated bone loss, including cancer-related hypercalcemia and Paget's disease. These clinical applications suggest that Ga could reduce bone resorption. However, few studies have studied the effects of Ga on osteoclastic resorption. Here, we have explored the effects of Ga on bone cells in vitro.In different osteoclastic models [osteoclasts isolated from long bones of neonatal rabbits (RBC), murine RAW 264.7 cells and human CD14-positive cells], we have performed resorption activity tests, staining for tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, viabili…
Bifunctional Gallium-68 Chelators: Past, Present, and Future
2016
This article reviews the development of bifunctional chelates for synthesising (68)Ga radiopharmaceuticals. It structures the chelates into groups of macrocycles, nonmacrocycles, and chimeric derivatives. The most relevant bifunctional chelates are discussed in chelate structure, parameters of (68)Ga-labeling, and stability of the (68)Ga-chelate complexes. Furthermore those derivatives are included, where (67)Ga was applied instead of (68)Ga. A particular feature discussed is the ability of certain bifunctional chelate structures to function in kit-type preparation of the (68)Ga radiopharmaceuticals. Currently, nonmacrocyclic and chimeric derivates attract particular attention such as THP-d…
Stabilising selection on immune response in male black grouse Lyrurus tetrix
2017
Illnesses caused by a variety of micro- and macro- organisms can negatively affect individuals’ fitness, leading to the expectation that immunity is under positive selection. However, immune responses are costly and individuals must trade-off their immune response with other fitness components (e.g. survival or reproductive success) meaning that individuals with intermediate response may have the greatest overall fitness. Such a process might be particularly acute in species with strong sexual selection because the condition-dependence of male secondary sexual-traits might lead to striking phenotypic differences amongst males of different immune response levels. We tested whether there is s…
Independent and interactive effects of immune activation and larval diet on adult immune function, growth and development in the greater wax moth (Ga…
2018
Organisms in the wild are likely to face multiple immune challenges as well as additional ecological stressors, yet their interactive effects on immune function are poorly understood. Insects are found to respond to cues of increased infection risk by enhancing their immune capacity. However, such adaptive plasticity in immune function may be limited by physiological and environmental constraints. Here, we investigated the effects of two environmental stressors - poor larval diet and an artificial parasite-like immune challenge at the pupal stage - on adult immune function, growth and development in the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella). Males whose immune system was activated with an …
Bactibilia in diseases of the biliary tract and pancreatic gland in patients older than 80 years: a STROBE-retrospective cohort study in a teaching h…
2018
Bile is a lipid-rich sterile solution produced in the liver that can be infected resulting in bactibilia. A higher incidence of postoperative infectious complications has been seen in patients with bactibilia. Recently, gram-negative bacteria have been linked to a tumor-associated inflammatory status. This study is a retrospective cohort study of 39 patients, who are over 80 years of age only (53.85% males and 46.15% females), hospitalized with diseases of the biliopancreatic system in one teaching hospital in Italy from January 2011 to December 2012 with a follow-up of 5 years. The most common biliary diseases after surgery were pancreatic head cancer (p < 0.0001) and gallbladder cancer (p…
Genetic association analysis identifies variants associated with disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis
2018
ObjectivePrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a genetically complex, inflammatory bile duct disease of largely unknown aetiology often leading to liver transplantation or death. Little is known about the genetic contribution to the severity and progression of PSC. The aim of this study is to identify genetic variants associated with PSC disease progression and development of complications.DesignWe collected standardised PSC subphenotypes in a large cohort of 3402 patients with PSC. After quality control, we combined 130 422 single nucleotide polymorphisms of all patients—obtained using the Illumina immunochip—with their disease subphenotypes. Using logistic regression and Cox proportiona…
The Impact of Coconut Oil and Epigallocatechin Gallate on the Levels of IL-6, Anxiety and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
2020
Background: Due to the inflammatory nature of multiple sclerosis (MS), interleukin 6 (IL-6) is high in blood levels, and it also increases the levels of anxiety related to functional disability. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) decreases IL-6, which could be enhanced by the anti-inflammatory effect of high ketone bodies after administering coconut oil (both of which are an anxiolytic). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of coconut oil and EGCG on the levels of IL-6, anxiety and functional disability in patients with MS. Methods: A pilot study was conducted for four months with 51 MS patients who were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The …
Urinary incontinence and quality of life: a longitudinal analysis from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
2022
Objectives-\ud To explore the longitudinal association between urinary incontinence (UI) and quality of life (QoL) in the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a large study of older UK adults with ten years of follow-up.\ud Study design-\ud Cohort study.\ud Main outcomes interest-\ud To determine the presence of UI, participants reported whether they had lost urine beyond their control in the last 12 months. Participants also reported whether UI lasted more than one month, indicating a more chronic problem. QoL was measured using the CASP (control, autonomy, self-realisation and pleasure)-19, with higher values indicating a higher QoL.\ud Results-\ud Of the 8028 participants (mean age: 65.…
Color Signals in the Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix): Signal Properties and Their Condition Dependency
2009
Recent progress in techniques of quantifying between-individual differences of color-based ornaments has revealed undiscovered possibilities for research in sexual selection. We present how the color spectra data can be comprehensively used for studying the importance of sexual ornaments in the black grouse and how these ornaments are related to a male condition. For this, we used both correlative field and experimental data. Field data indicated that older males had more chromatic coloration than yearlings. Blue chroma of males was correlated with male mating success. We experimentally manipulated yearling birds with testosterone implants and found that testosterone-implanted males had imp…