Search results for "ganglion"

showing 10 items of 282 documents

Catecholamine release in human skin--a microdialysis study.

2003

Dermal microdialysis might be a promising tool to investigate properties of sympathetic neurons in the skin as investigation of peripheral noradrenergic neurons in humans usually relies on highly variable vasoconstrictor reflexes or on indirect measurements like skin temperature recordings. To evaluate this technique, 21 experiments were performed in 15 healthy subjects with four intracutaneous microdialysis fibers (diameter, 200 microm; cutoff, 5 kDa) at hands or feet. After 60 min, saline perfusion tyramine at concentrations of 0.195 to 200 microg/ml was applied for 15 min followed by a 15-min saline perfusion again. Catecholamine concentrations were detected through high-performance liqu…

AdultMaleMicrodialysisSympathetic nervous systemmedicine.medical_specialtyDopamineMicrodialysisPresynaptic TerminalsTyramineHuman skinSweatingNorepinephrinechemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineCatecholaminesSympathetic Fibers PostganglionicDevelopmental NeuroscienceInternal medicinemedicineHumansSkinDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistrySecretory VesiclesTyramineAxonsUp-RegulationEpinephrinemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeurologyVasoconstrictionCatecholamineFemalePerfusionmedicine.drugExperimental neurology
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Long-term effects of nicotine gum on weight gain after smoking cessation.

1999

Smoking cessation usually results in weight gain. Nicotine gum therapy has been found to reduce weight gain in the first months after cessation, but its long-term effects are not fully known. The present study randomly assigned 608 smokers to receive placebo, 2 or 4 mg nicotine gum. In a follow-up analysis to the short-term weight change results reported in a previous paper [Doherty, Militello, Kinnunen, & Garvey (1996), Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 64:799-807], we examined the effects of the nicotine gum on weight change for 1 year after cessation among the 92 1-year abstainers. We found that weight change showed some variation with gum dose (active vs. placebo), but that …

AdultMaleNicotineNicotine Chewing Gummedicine.medical_treatmentGingivaPhysiologyWeight Gainchemistry.chemical_compoundDouble-Blind MethodMedicineHumansCotinineNicotine replacementbusiness.industryWeight changePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthTobacco Use DisorderMiddle AgedNicotine replacement therapyGanglionic StimulantschemistryNicotine gumAnesthesiaSmoking cessationFemaleSmoking Cessationmedicine.symptombusinessCotinineWeight gainNicotinetobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
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Structure-function relationship between FDF, FDT, SAP, and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in glaucoma patients.

2012

Purpose Flicker defined form perimetry (FDF) and frequency doubling technology perimetry (FDT) are alleged to detect glaucoma at an earlier stage than standard automated perimetry (SAP). It is the purpose of this study to investigate the structure-function relationship between FDF, FDT, SAP, and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO) in patients with glaucoma. Methods Seventy-six patients with glaucoma were included in the study. Patients were tested with SAP, Matrix-FDT, FDF perimetry, and cSLO. Structure-function relationships between global and sectoral cSLO parameters and global and sectoral mean sensitivity (MS) of SAP, Matrix-FDT, and FDF were calculated using Spearman's rank c…

AdultMaleRetinal Ganglion CellsIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresGlaucomaOphthalmologyLinear regressionmedicineHumansIn patientTomographyIntraocular PressureMathematicsRank correlationRetrospective StudiesAutomated perimetryStructure functionReproducibility of ResultsGlaucomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesScanning laser ophthalmoscopyOphthalmoscopyVisual Field TestsFemaleVisual FieldsInvestigative ophthalmologyvisual science
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Flicker Defined Form Perimetry in Glaucoma Suspects with Normal Achromatic Visual Fields

2014

To evaluate if repeated flicker-defined form (FDF) perimetry can detect visual field (VF) defects in glaucoma suspects with normal findings in achromatic standard automated perimetry (SAP).Patients with optic nerve heads (ONHs) or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) findings clinically suspicious for glaucoma and normal SAP were enrolled. Patients underwent VF testing with FDF perimetry (Heidelberg Edge Perimetry, HEP) at two consecutive visits (HEP I and HEP II) and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT). Abnormal HEP was defined by cluster-point analysis (CPA) and by the HEP specific glaucoma hemi-field test (GHT). Results were compared with an age-…

AdultMaleRetinal Ganglion Cellsmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresOptic DiskVision DisordersVisual AcuityNerve fiber layerGlaucomalaw.inventionTonometry OcularCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundNerve FiberslawOphthalmologymedicineHumansProspective StudiesIntraocular PressureHeidelberg retina tomographOptic Nerve Headsbusiness.industryGlaucomaRetinalMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsVisual fieldConfocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopyOphthalmologyEarly Diagnosismedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryAchromatic lensVisual Field TestsFemaleOcular Hypertensionsense organsVisual FieldsbusinessCurrent Eye Research
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Spreading of sudomotor axon reflexes in human skin.

2005

Acetylcholine (ACh) activates both sudomotor fibers and primary afferent nociceptors. This leads to sudomotor and vasodilator axon reflexes, which can be diminished, for example, in neuropathies. In some neuropathies, however, there is increased axon reflex sweating, a response pattern that has never been observed for vasodilator flares.To compare both types of axon reflexes and to elucidate possible differences.In healthy young male subjects, sweat response and flare reaction in response to ACh were quantified. Constant-current iontophoresis (300 mC) of ACh was performed on the lateral lower legs. The sudomotor axon reflex was visualized with iodine starch staining, and the sweat response …

AdultMaleSensory Receptor CellsHuman skinSweatingEfferent PathwaysSympathetic Fibers PostganglionicReflexMedicineHumansPeripheral NervesAxonSkinAfferent PathwaysNerve Fibers Unmyelinatedintegumentary systemIontophoresisbusiness.industryNociceptorsAnatomyAcetylcholineSweat GlandsSudomotorVasodilationVasomotor Systemmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemReflexNociceptorBlood VesselsAxon reflexNeurology (clinical)businessAcetylcholinemedicine.drugNeurology
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Acute Physiological Responses to Four Running Sessions Performed at Different Intensity Zones

2020

AbstractThis study investigated acute responses and post 24-h recovery to four running sessions performed at different intensity zones by supine heart rate variability, countermovement jump, and a submaximal running test. A total of 24 recreationally endurance-trained male subjects performed 90 min low-intensity (LIT), 30 min moderate-intensity (MOD), 6×3 min high-intensity interval (HIIT) and 10×30 s supramaximal-intensity interval (SMIT) exercises on a treadmill. Heart rate variability decreased acutely after all sessions, and the decrease was greater after MOD compared to LIT and SMIT (p<0.001; p<0.01) and HIIT compared to LIT (p<0.01). Countermovement jump decreased only after …

AdultMaleSupine positionTime FactorskestävyysharjoitteluMovementpalautuminenPhysical ExertionPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationAutonomic Nervous SystemInterval trainingRunningjuoksuRandom AllocationYoung Adultrecoveryendurance trainingEndurance trainingHeart RateHeart rate variabilityMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineLactic AcidTreadmillsubmaximal running testinterval trainingcountermovement jumpbusiness.industryheart rate variabilityRecovery of FunctionintervalliharjoitteluPhysiological responsesParasympathetic Fibers PostganglionicIntensity (physics)AthletesAnesthesiaCountermovement jumpExercise TestPhysical Endurancebusiness
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Clinical course of patients with episodic cluster headache treated with corticosteroids inproximity to the sphenopalatine ganglion: A preliminary stu…

2011

Objective: A study is made of the clinical course of patients with episodic cluster headache following the injection of corticosteroids in the proximity of the sphenopalatine ganglion of the affected side. Study Design: A retrospective observation study was made corresponding to the period between 2006 and 2010. Patients with episodic cluster headache received corticosteroid infiltrations in the vicinity of the sphenopalatine ganglion. Data were collected to assess the clinical course, quantifying pain intensity and quality of life. A total of 23 patients (11 women and 12 men) with a mean age of 50.4 years (range 25-65) were included. Forty percent of the patients had undergone dental extra…

AdultMalemedicine.drug_classPterygopalatine FossaCluster HeadacheQuadrant (abdomen)Quality of lifeEpisodic cluster headacheAdrenal Cortex HormonesmedicineHumansGeneral DentistryAgedRetrospective StudiesUnbearable Painbusiness.industryClinical courseGanglia ParasympatheticMean ageMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]GanglionOrofacial Pain-TMJDTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyAnesthesiaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASCorticosteroidFemaleResearch-ArticleSurgerybusinessMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in vestibular neuritis.

2007

Objectives: Partial or total degeneration of the vestibulocochlear anastomosis at its takeoff from the saccular ganglion and regenerating efferent neural buds under the cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs) have been found in the temporal bones of human patients with a history of vestibular neuritis (VN). We sought to test whether VN has any functional impact on the ipsilateral OHCs by means of transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) testing. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected TEOAE data of 28 patients (19 female, 9 male; age range, 21 to 60 years; median age, 42.5 years). The pure tone air conduction hearing thresholds at each standard audiometric frequency (0.12…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEfferentNeuritisOtoacoustic Emissions SpontaneousOtoacoustic emissionAudiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesMedicineHumans030223 otorhinolaryngologyVestibular NeuronitisSubclinical infectionRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryPure toneAuditory ThresholdGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedVestibular nerveGanglionmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisVestibular neuritisAudiometry Pure-ToneFemalesense organsbusinessBone ConductionThe Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology
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Pain-induced alterations in the individual non-esterified fatty acids in serum.

1979

Changes of individual non-esterified fatty acids in serum were studied in 7 metabolically healthy patients, suffering from idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, who underwent electrocoagulation of gasserian ganglion under neurolepthypalgesia. The mean concentration of fatty acids increased by about 40% during the strong surgical pain stimulus. The increased lipolysis affected all individual fatty acids in proportion to the ratio of their presence in adipose tissue. The mechanism of pain-induced activation of lipase and possible consequences of alterations in individual non-esterified fatty acids are discussed.

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyIncreased LipolysisAdipose tissueBiologyFatty Acids NonesterifiedTrigeminal ganglionTrigeminal neuralgiaInternal medicinemedicineIdiopathic trigeminal neuralgiaElectrocoagulationHumansLipaseAgedchemistry.chemical_classificationLipid MobilizationFatty acidMiddle AgedTrigeminal Neuralgiamedicine.diseaseGanglionAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologychemistryTrigeminal Ganglionbiology.proteinFemaleNeurology (clinical)Pain
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Amyloidoma of the gasserian ganglion as a cause of symptomatic neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve: report of three cases.

1993

Three cases of symptomatic neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve due to an amyloidoma in the gasserian ganglion are described. The correct diagnosis was not made prior to histological examination of the surgical biopsy specimens. Medical history and clinical observation led to the diagnosis of a malignant process of the nasal cavities in the first patient; of an inflammatory dental focus in the second patient; and of multiple sclerosis in the third patient. CT findings were normal in cases 1 and 2; in case 3, a schwannoma was suspected from the CT appearances. In case 1, MRI had not been performed; in cases 2 and 3, MRI revealed a tumour mass which was also considered to be a schwannoma. Histol…

AdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtySchwannomaDiagnosis DifferentialTrigeminal ganglionTrigeminal neuralgiamedicineHumansCranial Nerve NeoplasmsTrigeminal nerveAmyloidomaStaining and Labelingbusiness.industryAmyloidosisCongo RedAmyloidosisMiddle AgedTrigeminal Neuralgiamedicine.diseaseCranial Nerve DiseasesGanglionMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyTrigeminal GanglionNeuralgiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessNeurilemmomaJournal of neurology
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