Search results for "geometry."

showing 10 items of 4386 documents

On the minimal number of singular fibers with non-compact Jacobians for families of curves over P1

2016

Abstract Let f : X → P 1 be a non-isotrivial family of semi-stable curves of genus g ≥ 1 defined over an algebraically closed field k. Denote by s nc the number of the singular fibers whose Jacobians are non-compact. We prove that s nc ≥ 5 if k = C and g ≥ 5 ; we also prove that s nc ≥ 4 if char ( k ) > 0 and the relative Jacobian of f is non-smooth.

0301 basic medicineDiscrete mathematicsPure mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematics01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics::Algebraic Geometry030104 developmental biologyGenus (mathematics)Jacobian matrix and determinantFamily of curvessymbols0101 mathematicsAlgebraically closed fieldMathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Analysis of normal human retinal vascular network architecture using multifractal geometry

2017

AIM To apply the multifractal analysis method as a quantitative approach to a comprehensive description of the microvascular network architecture of the normal human retina. METHODS Fifty volunteers were enrolled in this study in the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, between January 2012 and January 2014. A set of 100 segmented and skeletonised human retinal images, corresponding to normal states of the retina were studied. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before multifractal analysis. The multifractal analysis of digital retinal images was made with computer algorithms, applying the standard box-counting method. Statistical analyse…

0301 basic medicineEarly detectionGeometryFundus (eye)03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundretinal vessel segmentationlcsh:OphthalmologyClinical ResearchMedicineSegmentationRetinal microvasculaturebusiness.industryRetinalMultifractal systemGeneralized dimensionsMultifractalRetinal vesselOphthalmology030104 developmental biologyMicrovascular NetworkRetinal image analysisStandard box-counting methodchemistryVascular networklcsh:RE1-994business
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Generalized Thru-Reflect-Line Calibration Technique for the Measurement of Multimodal Radiating Waveguides

2017

The objective of this letter is to extend the use of the generalized thru-reflect-line measurement technique to the case of a radiating multimodal rectangular waveguide aperture. Although this radiating aperture has been carefully studied from a theoretical point of view, the relevant experimental characterization has been limited to the case where the feeding waveguide is monomodal. In addition to theory, we also present experimental results that agree quite well with full-wave simulations, thereby fully validating the measurement technique.

0301 basic medicineEngineeringwaveguides open-endedbusiness.industryAperturePhysics::Optics020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologylaw.inventionGeneralized scattering matrix03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOpticslawLine (geometry)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringReflection (physics)CalibrationPoint (geometry)waveguide modesGeneralized scattering matrix; waveguide modes; waveguides open-ended; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessWaveguide
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Credibility to attract, trust to stay: the mediating role of trust in improving brand congruence in sports services

2021

This research aims to demonstrate the mediating role of brand trust in the relationship between credibility and users' congruence with a sports services brand. The analysis was carried out using EQS 6.3 to perform the four required steps of the analysis (and the Sobel test was conducted for a public sports service and a private sports service. The results confirm the full mediation effect of brand trust in the case of the private service and a partial mediation for the public service. Therefore, this study confirms that credibility, in the presence of trust, ceases to have an influence on the congruence of users with the brand, which suggests that credibility is important at an initial stag…

0301 basic medicineEsportsMediation (statistics)Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementSobel testAdvertisingSports marketingEducation03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineCongruence (geometry)CredibilityBrand trustPublic serviceEducació físicaBusinessBusiness and International ManagementSport management030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMàrquetingEuropean J. of International Management
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Structural commonalities and deviations in the hierarchical organization of crossed-lamellar shells: A case study on the shell of the bivalve Glycyme…

2016

11 pages; International audience; The structural organization of the palliostracum—the dominant part of the shell which is formed by the mantle cells—of Glycymeris glycymeris (Linné 1758) is comprised of five hierarchical levels with pronounced structural commonalities and deviations from other crossed-lamellar shells. The hierarchical level known as second order lamellae, present within other crossed-lamellar shells, is absent highlighting a short-coming of the currently used nomenclature. On the mesoscale, secondary microtubules penetrate the palliostracum and serve as crack arrestors. Moreover, the growth lamellae follow bent trajectories possibly impacting crack propagation, crack defle…

0301 basic medicineGlycymerisStructural organizationMaterials sciencebiologyMechanical Engineeringcrystal growthtoughnessFracture mechanicsGeometry02 engineering and technology[ SDV.IB.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classification03 medical and health sciencesCrystallography030104 developmental biologybiomimetic (assembly)Mechanics of MaterialsHierarchical organizationGeneral Materials ScienceLamellar structure0210 nano-technologyBiomineralizationJournal of Materials Research
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Induced post-traumatic apexification: 20 year follow-up and morphological study after new fracture.

2018

Apexification is an endodontic technique used in immature necrotic teeth, the primary goal of which is to induce a calcified barrier in roots with open apices and to promote the continuation of apical root development. A 7-year-old patient with a coronal fracture in a maxillary central incisor was treated with an apexification technique using calcium hydroxide. The apical closure was obtained after one year, then a permanent root canal filling was performed. The tooth was monitored for a period of 20 years, up to when a trauma caused its extraction. The newly formed root was analyzed macroscopically, histologically and through scanning electron microscopy. A morphologically normal root was …

0301 basic medicineMaleTertiary dentineRoot canalDentistryCalcium Hydroxide03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundTooth Fractures0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemDental Pulp NecrosisMedicineHumansMaxillary central incisorTooth RootChildDental PulpPulp necrosisCalcium hydroxidebusiness.industryApexification030206 dentistryGeneral MedicineApex (geometry)Root Canal TherapyIncisorstomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCoronal planeMicroscopy Electron ScanningApexification030101 anatomy & morphologyAnatomybusinessDevelopmental BiologyFollow-Up StudiesAnnals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
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Crack formation and cleaving of sapphire with ultrafast bessel beams

2017

Sapphire is a transparent crystalline dielectric of high hardness with many important applications, specifically to the next-generation touchscreens and to the LED growth, as substrates. However, sapphire cutting by ablative techniques is rather slow therefore fast material separation techniques are needed. Material separation by “stealth dicing” has been recently developed, it is based on material cleaving along a plane weakened by multiple ultrafast laser illuminations. This allows usually generating taper-free cutting and avoids material loss. However, the illuminated plane needs small spacing between the shot to shot (typically a few μm) and long damages inside the bulk. This requires l…

0301 basic medicineMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPlane (geometry)DielectricLaserlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake030104 developmental biologyOpticsShot (pellet)lawsymbolsSapphireWafer dicingbusinessUltrashort pulseBessel function
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Three-dimensional analysis of the physiological foramen geometry of maxillary and mandibular molars by means of micro-CT.

2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological foramen diameter, shape and distance between physiological and anatomical apex of maxillary and mandibular first and second molars. Accurate knowledge of the physiological foramina morphology; thus, inherent mechanical shaping technical hindrances, is decisive when taking the corresponding root canal final preparation decision. The morphological dimensions of a total of 1727 physiological foramina were investigated by means of micro-computed tomography. Mean narrow and wide (to a high number, oval) diameters of the physiological foramen were 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.33, 0.31 and 0.42 mm in mesiobuccal (MB), distobuccal (DB) and …

0301 basic medicineMolarThree dimensional analysisRoot canalDecision MakingDentistry610 Medicine & healthIn Vitro TechniquesMandibular first molarMandibular second molar03 medical and health sciencesmaxillary and mandibular molars morphology0302 clinical medicineTooth Apexstomatognathic system10066 Clinic of Conservative and Preventive DentistryForamenmedicineHumansapical constrictionphysiological foramenmicro-computed tomography610 Medicine & healthGeneral DentistryMathematicsbusiness.industryDistobuccalX-Ray Microtomography030206 dentistryMolar3500 General DentistryApex (geometry)030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureOriginal ArticleDental Pulp Cavitybusinessfinal apical fileRoot Canal Preparation
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On the growth and form of cortical convolutions

2016

International audience; The rapid growth of the human cortex during development is accompanied by the folding of the brain into a highly convoluted structure1-3. Recent studies have focused on the genetic and cellular regulation of cortical growth4-8, but understanding the formation of the gyral and sulcal convolutions also requires consideration of the geometry and physical shaping of the growing brain9-15. To study this, we use magnetic resonance images to build a 3D-printed layered gel mimic of the developing smooth fetal brain; when immersed in a solvent, the outer layer swells relative to the core, mimicking cortical growth. This relative growth puts the outer layer into mechanical com…

0301 basic medicinePhysicsNonlinear phenomenata114growthGeneral Physics and Astronomygyrificationta3112SwellFetal brain03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureCerebral cortexbrain geometrymedicineBiophysicscerebral cortexComputational biophysics[PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph][SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Retrieving infinite numbers of patterns in a spin-glass model of immune networks

2013

The similarity between neural and immune networks has been known for decades, but so far we did not understand the mechanism that allows the immune system, unlike associative neural networks, to recall and execute a large number of memorized defense strategies {\em in parallel}. The explanation turns out to lie in the network topology. Neurons interact typically with a large number of other neurons, whereas interactions among lymphocytes in immune networks are very specific, and described by graphs with finite connectivity. In this paper we use replica techniques to solve a statistical mechanical immune network model with `coordinator branches' (T-cells) and `effector branches' (B-cells), a…

0301 basic medicineSimilarity (geometry)Spin glassComputer sciencestatistical mechanicFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNetwork topologyTopology01 natural sciencesQuantitative Biology::Cell Behavior03 medical and health sciencesCell Behavior (q-bio.CB)0103 physical sciencesattractor neural-networks; statistical mechanics; brain networks; Physics and Astronomy (all)Physics - Biological Physics010306 general physicsAssociative propertybrain networkArtificial neural networkMechanism (biology)ErgodicityDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksAcquired immune system030104 developmental biologyBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)FOS: Biological sciencesattractor neural-networkQuantitative Biology - Cell Behavior
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