Search results for "geometry."

showing 10 items of 4386 documents

Squeezing of Quantum Noise of Motion in a Micromechanical Resonator

2015

A pair of conjugate observables, such as the quadrature amplitudes of harmonic motion, have fundamental fluctuations which are bound by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. However, in a squeezed quantum state, fluctuations of a quantity can be reduced below the standard quantum limit, at the cost of increased fluctuations of the conjugate variable. Here we prepare a nearly macroscopic moving body, realized as a micromechanical resonator, in a squeezed quantum state. We obtain squeezing of one quadrature amplitude $1.1 \pm 0.4$ dB below the standard quantum limit, thus achieving a long-standing goal of obtaining motional squeezing in a macroscopic object.

educationta221squeezingGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum measurementMotion (geometry)FOS: Physical sciencesQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesResonatorMeasurement theoryVibrating membraneQuantum mechanicsmotionMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Physics::Chemical Physicsta218Physicsmicromechanical resonatorta214Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114Quantum limitPhysicsQuantum noisequantum noise16. Peace & justicenanomechanicsquantum physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)NanomechanicsPHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
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Natural induction: An objective bayesian approach

2009

The statistical analysis of a sample taken from a finite population is a classic problem for which no generally accepted objective Bayesian results seem to exist. Bayesian solutions to this problem may be very sensitive to the choice of the prior, and there is no consensus as to the appropriate prior to use.

education.field_of_studyAlgebra and Number Theorybusiness.industryApplied MathematicsBayesian probabilityPopulationBayes factorSample (statistics)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreBinomial distributionBayesian statisticsComputational MathematicsEconometricsBayesian hierarchical modelingGeometry and TopologyArtificial intelligencebusinesseducationcomputerAnalysisJeffreys priorMathematicsRevista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. Serie A. Matematicas
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Principal Component and Neural Network Analyses of Face Images: What Can Be Generalized in Gender Classification?

1998

We present an overview of the major findings of the principal component analysis (pca) approach to facial analysis. In a neural network or connectionist framework, this approach is known as the linear autoassociator approach. Faces are represented as a weighted sum of macrofeatures (eigenvectors or eigenfaces) extracted from a cross-product matrix of face images. Using gender categorization as an illustration, we analyze the robustness of this type of facial representation. We show that eigenvectors representing general categorical information can be estimated using a very small set of faces and that the information they convey is generalizable to new faces of the same population and to a l…

education.field_of_studyArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsPopulationPattern recognitionMachine learningcomputer.software_genreComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONEigenfaceCategorizationRobustness (computer science)Face (geometry)Principal component analysisArtificial intelligencebusinesseducationcomputerCategorical variableGeneral PsychologyMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Psychology
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Influence of geometric variations on LV activation times: A study on an atlas-based virtual population

2010

We present the fully automated pipeline we have developed to obtain electrophysiological simulations of the heart on a large atlas-based virtual population. This virtual population was generated from a statistical model of left ventricular geometry, represented by a surface model. Correspondence between tetrahedralized volumetric meshes was obtained using Thin Plate Spline warps. Simulations are based on the fast solving of Eikonal equations, and stimulation sites correspond to physiological activation. We report variations of total activation time introduced by geometry, as well as variations in the location of last activation. The obtained results suggest that the total activation time ha…

education.field_of_studyAtlas (topology)Eikonal equationPopulationGeometryStatistical modelVolume mesh030204 cardiovascular system & hematology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFully automatedLeft ventricular geometryeducationThin plate splineMathematics
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(R)-(−)-Quinuclidin-3-ol

2013

The structure of the title compound [alternatively called (R)-(−)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol], C7H13NO, at 100 K has hexagonal (P61) symmetry. The structure shows a twist along the C—N pseudo-threefold axis. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviaO—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming infinite chains along thec-axis direction. The crystal studied was twinned by merohedry (twin law: 010, 100, 00-1; population: 0.925:0.075)

education.field_of_studyBicyclic moleculeHydrogen bondChemistryPopulationGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBioinformaticsOrganic PapersCrystalCrystallographyGeneral Materials ScienceSymmetry (geometry)TwisteducationActa Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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Nonlinear Relaxation in Population Dynamics

2001

We analyze the nonlinear relaxation of a complex ecosystem composed of many interacting species. The ecological system is described by generalized Lotka-Volterra equations with a multiplicative noise. The transient dynamics is studied in the framework of the mean field theory and with random interaction between the species. We focus on the statistical properties of the asymptotic behaviour of the time integral of the i-th population and on the distribution of the population and of the local field.

education.field_of_studyDistribution (number theory)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Applied MathematicsPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksMultiplicative noiseQuantitative BiologyNonlinear systemMean field theoryModeling and SimulationFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutionGeometry and TopologyRelaxation (approximation)Statistical physicseducationFocus (optics)Local fieldCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsQuantitative Biology (q-bio)Mathematics
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Scratch detection and removal from static images using simple statistics and genetic algorithms

2002

This paper investigates the removal of line scratches from old movies and gives a twofold contribution. First, it presents simple technique for detecting the scratches, based on an analysis of the statistics of the grey levels. Second, the scratch removal is approached as an optimisation problem, and it is solved by using a genetic algorithm. The method can be classified as a static approach, as it works independently on each single frame of the sequence. It does not require any a-priori knowledge of the absolute position of the scratch, nor an external starting population of chromosomes for the genetic algorithm. The central column of the line scratch once detected is changed with a conven…

education.field_of_studySettore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer sciencePopulationImage processingLinear interpolationObject detectionHardware and ArchitectureScratchStatisticsLine (geometry)Genetic algorithmElectrical and Electronic Engineeringeducationcomputer1707Interpolationcomputer.programming_language
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Generalized curved beam on elastic foundation solved by Transfer Matrix Method

2011

A solution of space curved bars with generalized Winkler soil found by means of Transfer Matrix Method is presented. Distributed, concentrated loads and imposed strains are applied to the beam as well as rigid or elastic boundaries are considered at the ends. The proposed approach gives the analytical and numerical exact solution for circular beams and rings, loaded in the plane or perpendicular to it. A well-approximated solution can be found for general space curved bars with complex geometry. Elastic foundation is characterized by six parameters of stiffness in different directions: three for rectilinear springs and three for rotational springs. The beam has axial, shear, bending and tor…

elastic foundationEngineeringbusiness.industryMechanical Engineeringgeneralized Winkler soilMathematical analysisBox girderStiffnessGeometryBuilding and ConstructionTransfer matrixSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniComplex geometryExact solutions in general relativityMechanics of MaterialsBending stiffnesscurved beamPerpendicularmedicinetransfer matrixmedicine.symptombusinessBeam (structure)Civil and Structural Engineering
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Bounds on plastic strains for elastic plastic structures in plastic shakedown conditions

2007

The problem related to the computation of bounds on plastic deformations for structures in plastic shakedown condition (alternating plasticity) is studied. In particular, reference is made to structures discretized by finite elements constituted by elastic perfectly plastic material and subjected to a special combination of fixed and cyclic loads. The load history is known during the steady-state phase, but it is unknown during the previous transient phase; so, as a consequence, it is not possible to know the complete elastic plastic structural response. The interest is therefore focused on the computation of bounds on suitable measures of the plastic strain which characterizes just the fir…

elastic plastic structureperturbation methodsMaterials scienceDiscretizationcyclic loadbusiness.industryPlane (geometry)Mechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringPlasticityplastic shakedownMeasure (mathematics)Finite element methodShakedownboundMechanics of MaterialsPlastic bendingLevy–Mises equationsbusinessCivil and Structural Engineering
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Steering of a Sub-GeV electron beam through planar channeling enhanced by rechanneling

2014

We report the observation of efficient steering of a 855 MeV electron beam at MAMI (MAinzer MIkrotron) facilities by means of planar channeling and volume reflection in a bent silicon crystal. A $30.5\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ thick plate of (211) oriented Si was bent to cause quasimosaic deformation of the (111) crystallographic planes, which were used for coherent interaction with the electron beam. The experimental results are analogous to those recorded some years ago at energy higher than 100 GeV, which is the only comparable study to date. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that rechanneling plays a considerable role in a particle's dynamics and hinders the spoiling…

electron beamEnergy rangesPlanar channelingBent molecular geometryGeneral Physics and AstronomyExtractionCrystallographic planeElectronX-ray sourcesCoherent interactionchanneling; electron beam; beam steerigbeam steerigMonocrystalline siliconPlanarNegative particlesA-particlesVolume reflectionCollimationPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Silicon crystalchannelingNegative particles; Bent crystals; Volume reflection; Deflection; Extraction; Collimation; A-particles; Coherent interaction; Crystallographic plane; Energy ranges; Planar channeling; Silicon crystal; X-ray sourcesReflection (mathematics)Cathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsDeflectionBent crystalsEnergy (signal processing)
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