Search results for "glia"
showing 10 items of 1274 documents
Stick around: Cell–Cell Adhesion Molecules during Neocortical Development
2021
The neocortex is an exquisitely organized structure achieved through complex cellular processes from the generation of neural cells to their integration into cortical circuits after complex migration processes. During this long journey, neural cells need to establish and release adhesive interactions through cell surface receptors known as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several types of CAMs have been described regulating different aspects of neurodevelopment. Whereas some of them mediate interactions with the extracellular matrix, others allow contact with additional cells. In this review, we will focus on the role of two important families of cell–cell adhesion molecules (C-CAMs), classi…
Preferential Modulation of the GABAergic vs. Dopaminergic Function in the Substantia Nigra by 5-HT2C Receptor
2009
Serotonin (5-HT) is intimately involved in the modulation of the basal ganglia circuitry and in its pathologies. The 5-HT pivotal role is supported by anatomical evidence demonstrating a large serotonergic innervation throughout the basal ganglia, with the highest concentration of this indole in the substantia nigra (SN). Among all the 5-HT receptors present in the SN, the 5-HT2C receptor subtype seems to be one of the principal receptors through which 5-HT exerts its function. In this chapter, we present in vivo electrophysiology and microdialysis evidence showing that the selective activation of 5-HT2C receptors does not affect dopaminergic function whereas it has a profound impact on GAB…
Fractalkine Signaling and Microglia Functions in the Developing Brain.
2015
Microglial cells are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS). Besides their classical roles in pathological conditions, these immune cells also dynamically interact with neurons and influence their structure and function in physiological conditions. The neuronal chemokine fractalkine and its microglial receptor CX3CR1 are one important signaling pathway involved in these reciprocal interactions. In the present review, we will discuss recent evidence indicating that fractalkine signaling also determines several functions of microglial cells during normal CNS development. It has been known for a decade that microglial cells influence the neuronal death that normally occur…
CCK-8S systemic administration blocks the 7-nitroindazole-induced effects on the EEG of striatum and globus pallidus: a FFT analysis in the rat
2004
Background: Nitric oxide (NO) and cholecystokinin (CCK) are involved in the modulation of several neurotransmitter systems in the basal ganglia, and a functional interaction between their modulatory effects could be hypothesised. Materials and Methods: We studied the effects exerted by the administration of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) (50 mg kg-1 i.p.), a selective inhibitor of neuronal NO synthase, on the depth EEG activity of the striatum and of the globus pallidus in both not pre-treated and sulphated CCK octapeptide (CCK- 8S)-treated (100 nM kg-1 i.p.) rats. Striatal and pallidal depth EEG power spectra were examined by means of a Fast Fourier Transform analysis. Results: Striatal depth reco…
Dataset related to article "Lipoprotein receptor loss in forebrain radial glia results in neurological deficits and severe seizures"
2020
This dataset is related to the article entitled: Lipoprotein receptor loss in forebrain radial glia results in neurological deficits and severe seizures. This article is published in the Journal GLIA. Bres EE et al. Lipoprotein receptor loss in forebrain radial glia results in neurological deficits and severe seizures. Glia. 2020;1–33.
Electrocatheter-mediated High-voltage Pulsed Radiofrequency of the Dorsal Root Ganglion in the Treatment of Chronic Lumbosacral Neuropathic Pain
2019
Objectives: Despite the interest in scientific community, there is still poor evidence about pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) efficacy in the treatment of neuropathic pain. In order to determine whether high-voltage PRF and epidural adhesiolysis (PRF-EA) showed better results than epidural adhesiolysis alone (EA), a randomized, double-blind, comparative-effectiveness study was conducted in patients with chronic lumbosacral radiating pain and neuropathic features. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups. Twenty-one patients were randomized to receive 2 cycles of 240 seconds high-voltage PRF followed by the injection of local anesthetics, hyaluronidase, an…
Amygdaloid projections to the ventral striatum in mice: direct and indirect chemosensory inputs to the brain reward system
2011
Rodents constitute good models for studying the neural basis of socio-sexual behaviour. Recent findings in mice have revealed the molecular identity of the some pheromonal molecules triggering intersexual attraction. However, the neural pathways mediating this basic socio-sexual behaviour remain elusive. Since previous work indicates that the dopaminergic tegmento-striatal pathway is not involved in pheromone reward, the present report explores alternative pathways linking the vomeronasal system with the tegmento-striatal system (the limbic basal ganglia) by means of tract-tracing experiments studying direct and indirect projections from the chemosensory amygdala to the ventral striato-pall…
nota a Cass. Pen., sez. III, 11.5.2018 (dep. 5.7.2018), n. 30179 (in tema di omesso versamento delle ritenute previdenziali e causa di non punibilità…
2019
Previdenza e assistenza (assicurazioni sociali) – contributi – omesso versamento contributi previdenziali – causa di non punibilità di cui all'art. 131-bis c.p. – applicabilita`– condizioni – rilevanza dell’importo complessivo delle somme omesse e del superamento della soglia di punibilità – ammissibilità (art. 2 d.l. 12.9.1983, n. 463; l. 11.11.1983, n. 638; art. 131-bis c.p.).
Istituzioni del diritto privato, tomo primo
2016
Questo testo è destinato a chi per la prima volta studia il diritto privato e a chi intende rivisitare nozioni e regole già note. La trattazione delle istituzioni, cioè dei fondamenti del diritto privato, viene sviluppata attraverso un percorso approfondito ed esteso, basato non soltanto sulle nozioni, ma anche sulla ricostruzione sistematica delle regole, attenta all’evoluzione dell’ordinamento in ragione della continua emersione di interessi e bisogni nuovi. In questa prospettiva, particolare attenzione è prestata al contributo dottrinale e giurisprudenziale che accompagna e rinnova la fisionomia e l’applicazione dei singoli istituti. Sulla base dell’esperienza didattica vissuta nelle aul…
Diritto civile con eBook ipertestuale - volume primo
2013
Questo testo di Diritto Civile è destinato a chi per la prima volta studia il diritto privato o una sua parte, e a chi intende rivedere e aggiornare nozioni e regole già note. Rappresenta l’articolazione e lo sviluppo di un Manuale ipertestuale degli stessi Autori, del quale mantiene il riferimento alle istituzioni, cioè ai fondamenti del diritto civile, attraverso un percorso ulteriormente approfondito ed esteso a una sua trattazione attuale e compiuta. L’opera è suddivisa in due parti, che pur rispondenti a un’impostazione sistematica, sono indipendenti sia con riferimento al contenuto, sia in considerazione del supporto informatico che è collegato a entrambe. Il volume I comprende la str…