Search results for "ground"

showing 10 items of 2432 documents

Lens Effect and CMB Anisotropies: Deviations from Gaussianity

2003

The CMB sky can be seen as the superimposition of two components, one of them is the temperature distribution in the absence of lensing and the other one is the correction caused by lensing. In the model under consideration, the first of these components is Gaussian, but the second is not. Numerical methods to calculate angular correlations in the lens component are designed and tested. Some of these correlations are estimated. Deviations from Gaussianity are confirmed.

PhysicsGeodesics in general relativityNumerical analysisGaussianmedia_common.quotation_subjectCosmic microwave backgroundAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicslaw.inventionLens (optics)symbols.namesakelawSkysymbolsSuperimpositionAnisotropymedia_common
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Cosmic microwave background anisotropy: deviations from Gaussianity caused by non-linear gravity

2002

Non-linear evolution of cosmological energy density fluctuations triggers deviations from Gaussianity in the temperature distribution of the cosmic microwave background. A method to estimate these deviations is proposed. N-body simulations - in aCDM cosmology - are used to simulate the strongly non-linear evolution of cosmological structures. It is proved that these simulations can be combined with the potential approximation to calculate the statistical moments of the CMB anisotropies produced by non-linear gravity. Some of these moments are computed and the resulting values are different from those corresponding to Gaussianity.

PhysicsGravity (chemistry)Cosmic microwave backgroundAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyNonlinear systemDistribution (mathematics)Space and Planetary ScienceEnergy densityStatistical physicsAnisotropyMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Cosmological data analysis of f(R) gravity models

2009

A class of well-behaved modified gravity models with long enough matter domination epoch and a late-time accelerated expansion is confronted with SNIa, CMB, SDSS, BAO and H(z) galaxy ages data, as well as current measurements of the linear growth of structure. We show that the combination of geometrical probes and growth data exploited here allows to rule out f(R) gravity models, in particular, the logarithmic of curvature model. We also apply solar system tests to the models in agreement with the cosmological data. We find that the exponential of the inverse of the curvature model satisfies all the observational tests considered and we derive the allowed range of parameters. Current data s…

PhysicsGravity (chemistry)Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Cosmological parameters from LSSLogarithmCosmic microwave backgroundFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCurvatureGalaxyLinear perturbation theoryExponential functionsymbols.namesakeTheoretical physicssymbolsAstronomiaf(R) gravityModified GravityEinsteinAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Phase retrieval of a Kolmogorov phase screen from very sparse data using four binary masks

2020

We investigate experimentally the phase retrieval of a Kolmogorov phase screen from very sparse data by modulating its amplitude with four binary masks and compare the retrieved phase screen to the ground truth measured with a surface profiler. Previously, we have shown in simulations that this kind of modulation can be successfully used for the phase retrieval of a Kolmogorov phase screen. After subtracting the ground truth from the retrieved phase screen, the root-mean-square error decreased from 0.14 µm to 0.10 µm. We conclude that a Kolmogorov phase screen can be recovered using simple modulation and very sparse data.

PhysicsGround truthbusiness.industryBinary numberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPtychographyAmplitudeOpticsModulationSpatial frequencyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhase retrievalbusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)AlgorithmSparse matrixApplied Optics
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New results on mesonic weak decay of p-shell Lambda-hypernuclei

2009

The FINUDA experiment performed a systematic study of the charged mesonic weak decay channel of $p$-shell $\Lambda$-hypernuclei. Negatively charged pion spectra from mesonic decay were measured with magnetic analysis for the first time for ${^{7}_{\Lambda}Li}$, ${^{9}_{\Lambda}Be}$, ${^{11}_{\Lambda}B}$ and ${^{15}_{\Lambda}N}$. The shape of the $\pi^{-}$ spectra was interpreted through a comparison with pion distorted wave calculations that take into account the structure of both hypernucleus and daughter nucleus. Branching ratios $\Gamma_{\pi^{-}}/\Gamma_{tot}$ were derived from the measured spectra and converted to $\pi^{-}$ decay rates $\Gamma_{\pi^{-}}$ by means of known or extrapolate…

PhysicsGround-state spin assignmentNuclear and High Energy Physicsp-Shell Lambda-hypernuclei; Mesonic decayNuclear Theorylambda hypernuclei; mesonic decaylambda hypernucleiHypernucleusMesonic decaySpectral linemesonic decayPionmedicine.anatomical_structurep-Shell Lambda-hypernucleimedicineHigh Energy Physics::Experimentp-Shell Λ-hypernucleiAtomic physicsMagnetic analysisNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentNucleus
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Nonlinear magneto-optical resonances for systems withJ∼100observed in K2molecules

2012

We present the results of an experimental as well as a theoretical study of nonlinear magneto-optical resonances in diatomic potassium molecules in the electronic ground state with large values of the angular momentum quantum number $J\ensuremath{\sim}100$. At zero magnetic field, the absorption transitions are suppressed because of population trapping in the ground state due to Zeeman coherences between magnetic sublevels of this state along with depopulation pumping. The destruction of such coherences in an external magnetic field was used to study the resonances in this work. K${}_{2}$ molecules were formed in a glass cell filled with potassium metal at a temperature above 150 ${}^{\ensu…

PhysicsHanle effecteducation.field_of_studyZeeman effectLinear polarizationbusiness.industryPopulationPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakeOpticsExcited statesymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicseducationGround statebusinessPhysical Review A
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Bimetric Renormalization Group Flows in Quantum Einstein Gravity

2011

The formulation of an exact functional renormalization group equation for Quantum Einstein Gravity necessitates that the underlying effective average action depends on two metrics, a dynamical metric giving the vacuum expectation value of the quantum field, and a background metric supplying the coarse graining scale. The central requirement of "background independence" is met by leaving the background metric completely arbitrary. This bimetric structure entails that the effective average action may contain three classes of interactions: those built from the dynamical metric only, terms which are purely background, and those involving a mixture of both metrics. This work initiates the first …

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryBackground field methodAsymptotic safety in quantum gravityGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Renormalization groupGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGravitationTheoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Functional renormalization groupQuantum gravityBackground independenceEffective action
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Inflation with mixed helicities and its observational imprint on CMB

2018

In the framework of effective field theories with prominent helicity-0 and helicity-1 fields coupled to each other via a dimension-3 operator, we study the dynamics of inflation driven by the helicity-0 mode, with a given potential energy, as well as the evolution of cosmological perturbations, influenced by the presence of a mixing term between both helicities. In this scenario, the temporal component of the helicity-1 mode is an auxiliary field and can be integrated out in terms of the time derivative of the helicity-0 mode, so that the background dynamics effectively reduces to that in single-field inflation modulated by a parameter $\beta$ associated to the coupling between helicity-0 a…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)010308 nuclear & particles physicsCosmic microwave backgroundCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesObservableGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsInflaton01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyTheoretical physicsAuxiliary fieldsymbols.namesakeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)0103 physical sciencesTime derivativeEffective field theorysymbolsPlanck010306 general physicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Hamiltonian lattice QCD at finite density: equation of state in the strong coupling limit

2001

The equation of state of Hamiltonian lattice QCD at finite density is examined in the strong coupling limit by constructing a solution to the equation of motion corresponding to an effective Hamiltonian describing the ground state of the many body system. This solution exactly diagonalizes the Hamiltonian to second order in field operators for all densities and is used to evaluate the vacuum energy density from which we obtain the equation of state. We find that up to and beyond the chiral symmetry restoration density the pressure of the quark Fermi sea can be negative indicating its mechanical instability. Our result is in qualitative agreement with continuum models and should be verifiabl…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsChiral perturbation theoryNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::LatticeLattice field theoryQCD vacuumAstrophysics (astro-ph)High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)FOS: Physical sciencesLattice QCDAstrophysicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)symbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHamiltonian lattice gauge theoryHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum electrodynamicssymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Ground stateLattice model (physics)
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Field Fluctuations in a One-Dimensional Cavity with a Mobile Wall

2013

We consider a scalar field in a one-dimensional cavity with a mobile wall. The wall is assumed bounded by a harmonic potential and its mechanical degrees of freedom are treated quantum mechanically. The possible motion of the wall makes the cavity length variable, and yields a wall-field interaction and an effective interaction among the modes of the cavity. We consider the ground state of the coupled system and calculate the average number of virtual excitations of the cavity modes induced by the wall-field interaction, as well as the average value of the field energy density. We compare our results with analogous quantities for a cavity with fixed walls, and show a correction to the Casim…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryQuantum PhysicsField (physics)Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyField fluctuationMechanicsPotential energyCasimir effectCasimir effectClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum optomechanicNanotechnologyPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Ground stateCavity wallScalar fieldQuantum
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