Search results for "ground"

showing 10 items of 2432 documents

The Southern African Development Community (SADC): An Analytical Overview of Its History, Policies and Institutional Framework

2017

This chapter gives fundamental background information about the history and development of regionalism in Southern Africa and about the current state of the SADC as a modern regional integration organisation. In terms of an analytical overview, Muntschick reflects briefly on the formation, character and objectives of the region’s old regionalisms such as the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), the Frontline States (FLS) and particularly the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (SADCC) as predecessors of the SADC. Also, this chapter turns to the new regionalism and provides detailed information on the SADC as an organisation, its member states, key agenda and central poli…

Background informationCustoms unionState (polity)Environmental protectionmedia_common.quotation_subjectMember statesPolitical scienceRegional integrationRegionalism (international relations)Regional sciencemedia_common
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Principles and Elements of Risk Management – Data and Initial Conditions

2014

This chapter is devoted to furnishing background information on Risk Management, explaining the string of steps that comprise it, and the use of techniques within it, as well as their relationships. The chapter follows the widely accepted sequence for risk identification, assessment, execution, remediation and control; it starts with some basic definitions and, in its first topic, analyzes the sources for risks, considering internal and external risks and opportunities. It follows with a guide for identifying and managing risks in different areas of a project and suggests appropriate tools and techniques for each one. Completion of sequence sensitivity analysis, a subject developed in full …

Background informationEngineeringRisk analysis (engineering)business.industryManagement scienceProject strategyRisk identificationNorm (social)businessSWOT analysisRisk management
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Adherence to international guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection among gastroenterologists and gastroenterology fellows in I…

2021

Background: Information on the management of Helicobacter (H.) pylori infection by gastroenterologists and gastroenterology fellows are scarce. We aimed to assess practice of gastroenterologists and gastroenterology fellows and their adherence to guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection in Italy. Materials and Methods: All gastroenterologists and gastroenterology fellows attending the National Congress of Digestive Diseases - FISMAD were invited to fill-in an on-line questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions on the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection. Results: A total of 279 gastroenterologists and 61 gastroenterology fellows participated to the stu…

Background informationHelicobacter pylori infectionmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresdiagnosisgastroenterology fellowGastroenterologyHelicobacter pylori; diagnosis; gastroenterologists; gastroenterology fellows; guidelines; treatment; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Clarithromycin; Drug Therapy Combination; Humans; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Gastroenterologists; Gastroenterology; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pyloriHelicobacter InfectionsDrug TherapyClarithromycinInternal medicineClarithromycinSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineHumansguidelinesbiologyHelicobacter pyloritreatmentbusiness.industryGastroenterologistsGastroenterologyAmoxicillinProton Pump InhibitorsGeneral MedicineHelicobacter pyloribiology.organism_classificationeye diseasesAnti-Bacterial AgentsdiagnosiInfectious Diseasesgastroenterology fellowsThird lineCombinationDrug Therapy CombinationgastroenterologistEducational interventionsbusinessguidelineBismuthmedicine.drug
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An Easy Assessment of Frailty at Baseline Independently Predicts Prognosis in Very Elderly Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes.

2017

Background: Information about the impact of frailty in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is scarce. No study has assessed the prognostic impact of frailty as measured by the FRAIL scale in very elderly patients with ACS. Methods: The prospective multicenter LONGEVO-SCA registry included unselected patients with ACS aged 80 years or older. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed during hospitalization, including frailty assessment by the FRAIL scale. The primary endpoint was mortality at 6 months. Results: A total of 532 patients were included. Mean age was 84.3 years, 61.7% male. Most patients had positive troponin levels (84%) and high GRACE risk score values (mean 16…

Background informationMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsFrail ElderlyEnfermedad cardiovascularAncianoComorbidityKaplan-Meier Estimate030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineCause of DeathClinical endpointPrevalenceMedicineHumansIn patient030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesRegistriesAcute Coronary SyndromeGeneral NursingProportional Hazards ModelsAged 80 and overFramingham Risk ScoreEjection fractionbiologyFrailtybusiness.industryHealth PolicyMortality rateGeriatric assessmentGeneral MedicinePrognosisTroponinSurvival AnalysisSpainbiology.proteinCardiopatía coronariaFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessAncianosJournal of the American Medical Directors Association
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Bruhat–Tits Trees and Modular Groups

2019

In this chapter, we give background information and preliminary results on the main link between the geometry and the algebra used for our arithmetic applications: the (discrete-time) geodesic ow on quotients of Bruhat{Tits trees by arithmetic lattices.

Background informationMathematics::Group TheoryPure mathematicsGeodesicbusiness.industryLink (geometry)Algebra over a fieldModular designbusinessQuotientMathematics
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Probabilities of conditionals and previsions of iterated conditionals

2019

Abstract We analyze selected iterated conditionals in the framework of conditional random quantities. We point out that it is instructive to examine Lewis's triviality result, which shows the conditions a conditional must satisfy for its probability to be the conditional probability. In our approach, however, we avoid triviality because the import-export principle is invalid. We then analyze an example of reasoning under partial knowledge where, given a conditional if A then C as information, the probability of A should intuitively increase. We explain this intuition by making some implicit background information explicit. We consider several (generalized) iterated conditionals, which allow…

Background informationSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaInference02 engineering and technologyConditional probabilities and previsionTheoretical Computer ScienceConditional random quantitieAffirmation of the ConsequentArtificial Intelligence020204 information systemsFOS: Mathematics0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringConjoined and iterated conditionalMathematicsIndependence and uncorrelation.Applied MathematicsProbability (math.PR)Conditional probabilityMathematics - LogicTrivialityIterated function020201 artificial intelligence & image processingLogic (math.LO)Mathematical economicsCoherenceSoftwareMathematics - ProbabilityIntuition
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The Contemporary Contrade of Siena

2017

This chapter will provide the background information that is required in order to contextualise further analysis, doing so by outlining the main aspects of daily life within the contrade of Siena and the social and institutional organisation of those institutions. It proposes that their social order has to be interpreted in relation to the palio horse race, a festival which takes place biannually in Siena’s central square, and which is visited by a significant number of national and international tourists.

Background informationSocial orderHistoryGender studiesRelation (history of concept)Order (virtue)
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Sylvén, L. K. (2019). Investigating Content and Language Integrated Learning. Insights from Swedish High Schools. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters

2019

This volume presents a three-year research project on Content and Language Integration in Swedish Schools (CLISS). CLISS particularly focused on sciences and economics programs in senior high schools (Grades 10-12; 245 participants), which intended to prepare students for higher education. Divided into five sections, the book explores the language, rather than content, side of CLIL. The volume starts with background information concerning CLISS and CLIL in Sweden. The following four sections of the book concern assessment and motivation (Chapters 4-5); English vocabulary, reading comprehension and exposure to English (Chapters 6-9); students’ L1 proficiency and development through CLIL (Cha…

Background informationSwedenHigher educationbusiness.industryta6121General MedicineRuotsiintermediate grade educationContent and language integrated learningReading comprehensionkirja-arvostelutvieraskielinen opetusLanguage integrationMathematics educationta516keskiasteen koulutusContent and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Upper secondary education SwedenSociologybusinessEnglish vocabularycontent and language integrated learningBook reviewsApples - Journal of Applied Language Studies
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Seasonal dynamics of biomarkers in infaunal clam Macoma balthica from the Gulf of Riga (Baltic Sea)

2014

Abstract Biomarkers are often regarded as “early warning” signals of environmental pollution; however seasonal changes are mentioned as one of the most important factor that influences the activity of biomarkers. The aim of our study was to assess the importance of seasonal variation of selected contaminant biomarkers in Macoma balthica to provide background information for further environmental surveys in the Gulf of Riga. Seasonal variation of biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione- S -transferase (GST)) was measured in infaunal clam M . balthica from the southern part of the Gulf of Riga. The majority of biomarkers (GST, CAT an…

Background informationbiologyEcologyGlutathione reductaseEnvironmental pollutionAquatic ScienceSeasonalityOceanographybiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseSalinityBaltic seaBenthic zonemedicineEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsMacoma balthicaJournal of Marine Systems
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RoadMic: Road Surface Monitoring Using Vehicular Sensor Networks with Microphones

2010

Road surface analysis including pothole reports is an important problem for road maintainers and drivers. In this paper we propose a methodology for pothole detection using mobile vehicles equipped with off the shelf microphone and global positioning devices attached to an on-board computer. The approach is generic enough to be extended for other kind of event detection using different sensors as well. The vehicles are driving on public streets and measuring pothole induced sound signals. Our approach was tested and evaluated by real world experiments in a road segment for which we had established the ground truth beforehand. The results show pothole detection with high accuracy despite the…

Background noiseComputer scienceMicrophonebusiness.industryComputerSystemsOrganization_MISCELLANEOUSElectro-optical sensorRoad surfaceReal-time computingGlobal Positioning SystemMobile wireless sensor networkPotholebusinessWireless sensor network
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