Search results for "growth"
showing 10 items of 5134 documents
A temperature-type model for describing the relationship between fungal growth and water activity
2001
Growth of Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria alternata at their respective optimum temperatures was studied in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium at different water activities (a(w)) adjusted with glycerol. The growth rate (mu) was expressed as the increase in colony radius per unit of time. This paper extends the model that showed the relationship between temperature and bacterial growth rate developed by Rosso et al. [J. Theor. Biol. 162 (1993) 447] to describe the influence of a(w) on fungal development. An excellent correlation between the experimental data and the model predictions was obtained, the regression coefficients (r2) were …
Intracellular accumulation of incompletely processed transforming growth factor-alpha polypeptides in ground glass hepatocytes of chronic hepatitis B…
1996
Abstract Background: Transforming growth factor-alpha is an intracellularly processed and secreted polypeptide that induces a proliferative response in epithelial target cells and represents a potential regulatory factor in embryonic development, liver regeneration, and also hepatocarcinogenesis. We have observed focal transforming growth factor-alpha expression in liver tissues with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Methods: To further elucidate the nature of this focal transforming growth factor-alpha accumulation were have analyzed overall 23 different liver tissues with chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection as well as normal liver tissues by immunohistology, ELISA…
The Activation Status of the TGF-β Transducer Smad2 Is Associated with a Reduced Survival in Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-A…
2019
Aberrant function of Smad2, a crucial member of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling, is associated with the development of malignancies, particularly in the gastrointestinal district. However, little is known about its possible prognostic role in such tumor types. With the first meta-analysis on this topic, we demonstrated that the lack of the activated form of Smad2 (phosphor-Smad2 or pSmad2), which was meant to be the C-terminally phosphorylated form, showed a statistically significant association with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with gastrointestinal cancers (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.05–2.37, p = 0.029, I2 = 84%), also after having adjusted for potential…
Infectious Tolerance
2002
Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells (Treg) are mandatory for maintaining immunologic self-tolerance. We demonstrate that the cell-cell contact-mediated suppression of conventional CD4(+) T cells by human CD25(+) Treg cells is fixation resistant, independent from membrane-bound TGF-beta but requires activation and protein synthesis of CD25(+) Treg cells. Coactivation of CD25(+) Treg cells with Treg cell-depleted CD4(+) T cells results in anergized CD4(+) T cells that in turn inhibit the activation of conventional, freshly isolated CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells. This infectious suppressive activity, transferred from CD25(+) Treg cells via cell contact, is cell contact-independent and partially medi…
GARP: A Key Target to Evaluate Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment
2021
Simple Summary Tumors are not only composed of cancer cells but also of various infiltrating cells constituting the tumor microenvironment (TME); all these cells produce growth factors which contribute to tumor progression and invasiveness. Among them, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been shown to be a potent immunosuppressive cytokine favoring cell proliferation and invasion and to be associated with resistance to anticancer treatments. Glycoprotein-A repetition predominant (GARP) plays a critical role in the activation of TGF-β1 and has been shown to be expressed at the membrane of cancer cells and also of regulatory T cells and platelets in the TME. An increased GARP expressio…
Long-term determinants of changes in television viewing time in adults : Prospective analyses from the Young Finns Study
2018
Purpose: The long‐term effects of sociodemographic and health characteristics on television viewing (TV) time changes have not been identified in adulthood. We aimed to examine the modifiable and non‐modifiable determinants of changes in TV‐time in young adults over 10 years.Methods: Participants (N = 2929) aged 24‐39 years were recruited between 2001 and 2011 from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Data were collected using questionnaires and a medical examination. The determinants of changes in TV‐time were estimated using latent growth modeling for men and women separately.Results: For men, inverse associations with initial levels of TV‐time were observed for students becoming…
Effect of Opuntia ficus-indica Mucilage Edible Coating in Combination with Ascorbic Acid, on Strawberry Fruit Quality during Cold Storage
2021
Strawberry fruit is a nonclimacteric fruit and is one of the most consumed berries in the world. It is characterized by high levels of vitamin C, folate, vitamin E, β-carotene, and phenolic constituents as well asanthocyanins that are strictly related to health benefits. Strawberries are highly perishable fruit with a very short postharvest life due to their susceptibility to mechanical injury, rapid texture softening, physiological disorders, and infection caused by several pathogens (yeast and mold) that can rapidly reduce fruit quality. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the application of Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage in combination with ascorbic acid, as edible …
Tajikistan: Language Situation
2006
Tajikistan, an independent Central Asian state since 1991, has Tajik, a variety of Persian, as its national language. Turkic-speaking groups, mainly Uzbeks, make up one fourth of the population. Eastern Iranian languages are still spoken in Tajikistan. Current efforts include the replacement of Russian by Tajik as the language of government and higher education as well as the reduction of Russian and Uzbek elements in Tajik.
Epigenetic Regulation of Early- and Late-Response Genes in Acute Pancreatitis
2015
Abstract Chromatin remodeling seems to regulate the patterns of proinflammatory genes. Our aim was to provide new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms that control transcriptional activation of early- and late-response genes in initiation and development of severe acute pancreatitis as a model of acute inflammation. Chromatin changes were studied by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, nucleosome positioning, and determination of histone modifications in promoters of proinflammatory genes in vivo in the course of taurocholate-induced necrotizing pancreatitis in rats and in vitro in rat pancreatic AR42J acinar cells stimulated with taurocholate or TNF-α. Here we show that the upregulat…
SMALL BUSINESS SUPPORT POLICY IN LATVIA
2016
Economic growth is the important factor for improving competitiveness and to ensure the availability of financial resources at all stages of business development. The authors explore European Union activities to promote the development of small and medium enterprises, the Latvian business environment, the regulatory framework, the accounting regulatory framework for small and medium enterprises. The research study included an assessment of the business environment in the international context for the years 2010 – 2016, national support programmes providing financial resources, their availability and tax policy guidelines for small and medium enterprises. The research study results are summa…