Search results for "growth"
showing 10 items of 5134 documents
Pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease: transcription factors in the spotlight.
1998
See article on page 477 Dysregulated cytokine production by mucosal lymphocytes and macrophages has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, the two major forms of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).1 Over the past few years, various murine models of chronic intestinal inflammation resembling IBD have been discovered which have provided important clues as to the nature of this dysregulation and to its possible treatment with cytokines.2 Thus, in studies of several of the models most closely resembling Crohn’s disease it has been shown that production of large amounts of Th1-type cytokines—for example, interferon γ, by T cells is a major and ess…
Estrogens and Stem Cells in Thyroid Cancer
2014
Recent discoveries highlight the emerging role of estrogens in the initiation and progression of different malignancies through their interaction with stem cell compartment. Estrogens play a relevant role especially for those tumors bearing a gender disparity in incidence and aggressiveness, as occurs for most thyroid diseases. Although several experimental lines suggest that estrogens promote thyroid cell proliferation and invasion, their precise contribution in stem cell compartment still remains unclear. This review underlines the interplay between hormones and thyroid function, which could help to complete the puzzle of gender discrepancy in thyroid malignancies. Defining the associatio…
Upscaling leaf gas exchange measurements to the whole grapevine canopy: An update
2009
This review first revisits current knowledge about single-leaf function, viz. photosynthesis, chiefly in relation to environmental factors, that underscores the importance of multiple summer stresses. Emphasis is placed on the response different genotypes show under light and heat stress with or without soil-water shortage. Secondly, it tackles the thorny issue of extrapolating single-leaf readings to the whole-canopy level, with special reference to both methodological and physiological implications. Whole-canopy gas-exchange systems deliver and emphasise the usefulness of such an approach in achieving key research goals. One case in point is quantifying the amount and dynamics of canopy g…
The body size of headstarted and wild juvenile European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis)
2018
Headstarting is a popular conservation technique in which animals are raised under artificial conditions, and then released into natural habitat. The objective of this procedure is to grow animals to a size at which they are less vulnerable to predators. However, there is still little empirical evidence for the long-term effectiveness of the technique. Therefore, we compared body size of juvenile “wild” (= not taken to artificial rearing) and headstarted European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis), from two populations (in central and western Poland). Immediately after hatching there were no differences in size of the turtles, but after seven-ten years headstarted turtles were smaller. This so…
Cardiovascular Health in Migrants. Current status and issues for prevention. A Collaborative Multidisciplinary Task Force Report
2014
OBJECTIVES: To review information on cardiovascular health and migration, to stress the attention of researchers that much needs to be done in the collection of sound data in Italy and to allow policy makers identifying this issue as an important public health concern. BACKGROUND: In Italy, the rate of immigrants in the total number of residents increased from 2.5% in 1990 to 7.4% in 2010, and currently exceeds 10% in regions such as Lombardia, Emilia Romagna and Toscana. METHODS: A consensus statement was developed by approaching relevant Italian national scientific societies involved in cardiovascular prevention. Task force members were identified by the president and/or the boards of eac…
Psychophysical burden and lack of support : Reasons for care workers’ intentions to leave their work in the Nordic countries
2021
Long-term care of older adults is currently suffering from a shortage of trained personnel and high turnover rates. Care work is poorly paid, demanding, increasingly time-bound and both mentally and physically burdensome. In this study, we examined the individual, organisational and economic factors that predict professional care workers’ intentions to leave their current employment, using the NORDCARE survey data (2015, N = 3801) collected in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The respondents were mainly practical and assistant nurses. The analysis showed that the predictors of intentions to leave were similar in the four countries. The most consistent organisational predictors of leavin…
Entrepreneurs (novices vs. experts) and investors: Interaction and rationality dynamics (effectual vs. causal)
2019
The paper studies the mechanisms that govern the interactions between the entrepreneur (novice or expert) and the specific investors of emerging firms (business angels (BAs) and venture-capital firms (VCs)). Combining both literatures on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial finance, our aim is to understand if the rationalities of these three actors help them or not to interact, and, to study how they influence each other during the firm's growth. In order to do so, we undertake two processual case studies. Our results show that effectual rationality underlines the interaction between the entrepreneur and the BAs at the creation of the firm, whilst causal rationality is helpful in the searc…
Variability of the Level of Development of Functopnal Urban Areas
2018
Miejskie obszary funkcjonalne mają istotne znaczenie w realizacji zarówno Krajowej Polityki Miejskiej 2023, jak i terytorialnej polityki rozwoju. Celem badania jest określenie poziomu rozwoju obszarów funkcjonalnych miast wojewódzkich Polski. Badania przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem metody taksonomicznej w ujęciu dynamicznym obejmującym okres 2005-2015. Podstawę wyznaczenia wielkości taksonomicznych stanowił zestaw wskaźników diagnostycznych ujętych w trzech wymiarach rozwoju: społecznym, gospodarczym i środowiskowym. W ramach badania została podjęta ocena poziomu rozwoju miast centralnych MOF oraz oddzielnie miast i gmin ich otoczenia. Dodatkowo określono poziom rozwoju każdego z wymiarów r…
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrazolo[1,2,4]triazolopyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents
2021
Three novel pyrazolo-[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazolopyrimidine derivatives (1, 2, and 3) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro biological activity. All three compounds exhibited different levels of cytotoxicity against cervical and breast cancer cell lines. However, compound 1 showed the best antiproliferative activity against all tested tumor cell lines, including HCC1937 and HeLa cells, which express high levels of wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Western blot analyses demonstrated that compound 1 inhibited the activation of EGFR, protein kinase B (Akt), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 in breast and cervical cancer cells at concentrations…
Retracted Article: Differential detection and quantification of cyclic AMP and other adenosine phosphates in live cells
2017
A new naphthol-based rhodamine derivative (NpRD) has been developed for the selective and differential detection of adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and adenosine phosphates (APs) (ATP, ADP, and AMP) from other nucleotides. The simple detection and quantification of cAMP in human blood cells and in other samples based on the ‘turn on’ fluorescence properties of this chemosensor through colorimetry or fluorometry makes it unique for probable application in high throughput screening.