Search results for "growth"

Host’s genetic background determines the outcome of reciprocal faecal transplantation on life-history traits and microbiome composition

2022

Abstract Background Microbes play a role in their host's fundamental ecological, chemical, and physiological processes. Host life-history traits from defence to growth are therefore determined not only by the abiotic environment and genotype but also by microbiota composition. However, the relative importance and interactive effects of these factors may vary between organisms. Such connections remain particularly elusive in Lepidoptera, which have been argued to lack a permanent microbiome and have microbiota primarily determined by their diet and environment. We tested the microbiome specificity and its influence on life-history traits of two colour genotypes of the wood tiger moth (Arctia…

Varieties of algebras with pseudoinvolution and polynomial growth

2017

Let A be an associative algebra with pseudoinvolution (Formula presented.) over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and let (Formula presented.) be its sequence of (Formula presented.) -codimensions. We shall prove that such a sequence is polynomially bounded if and only if the variety generated by A does not contain five explicitly described algebras with pseudoinvolution. As a consequence, we shall classify the varieties of algebras with pseudoinvolution of almost polynomial growth, i.e. varieties of exponential growth such that any proper subvariety has polynomial growth and, along the way, we shall give also the classification of their subvarieties. Finally, we shall de…

Old sleeping Sicilian beauty: seed germination in the palaeoendemic Petagnaea gussonei (Spreng.) Rauschert (Saniculoideae, Apiaceae).

2015

Petagnaea gussonei (Apiaceae) is a perennial herbaceous species endemic to northeast Sicily (Nebrodi Mountains). It is considered a remnant of the Sicilian Tertiary flora, and is endangered according to the Red List. There is no information in the literature about the germinability of its seeds, even though seed production is know to occur. The aim of this study was to obtain data to better understand seed germination of this species and its biological implications. Thus, several approaches were employed: vitality analyses, gibberellic acid supply, germination and soil microbial flora analyses via end-point and qPCR. The results suggest that seed germination occurs after ca. 1.5 years at a …

Éducation primaire et croissance économique en Afrique subsaharienne : les conditions d'une relation efficace

1995

This article is looking at the causes of the low effectiveness of educational investment in Subsaharan Africa, both at the micro level (effect on labour productivity), and at the macro level (effect on the rate of economic growth). Several recent empirical studies have shown that education impact is systematically weaker in this region than in the rest of the world, and even sometimes negative, as in the case of agricultural productivity. Two series of causes may explain this lack of impact : first, inappropriate economic policies at the macro level which hamper the role of education, either through negative incentives structures, or because of the absence of provision of associated factors…

Shelf life improvement of the loaf bread using allyl, phenyl and benzyl isothiocyanates against Aspergillus parasiticus

2017

Abstract Fungal growth inhibition and aflatoxins (AFs) reduction using allyl (AITC), benzyl (BITC) and phenyl (PITC) isothiocyanates were studied in loaf bread contaminated with Aspergillus parasiticus . Two inoculated loaf bread slices were introduced into a plastic tray together with paper filters or small plastic bags paper filters soaked with AITC, BITC or PITC, the final concentration inside the package was of 0.5, 1 or 5 μL/L. The plastic trays, incubated at room temperature, were visual examined for the shelf life evaluation during 8 days. The quantification of the AFs was carried out using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Shelf life increase of three an…

2018

The increase in the prevalence of obesity worldwide has led to great interest in the economic consequences of obesity, but valid and powerful instruments for obesity, which are needed to estimate its causal effects, are rare. This paper contributes to the literature by using a novel instrument: genetic risk score, which reflects the predisposition to higher body mass index across many genetic loci. We estimate IV models of the effect of BMI on labor market outcomes using Finnish data that have many strengths: genetic information, measured body mass index, and administrative earnings records that are free of the problems associated with nonresponse, self-reporting error or top-coding. The fi…

The impact of urban development on aquifers in large coastal cities of West Africa: Present status and future challenges

2018

Abstract This paper investigates the coastal cities of Abidjan, Cotonou, Lagos and Douala in West Africa. Published data on these areas were aggregated in order to compare the urban development of some African huge cities and assess their impacts on groundwater. Those urban centers have experienced an exponential demographic expansion since the 1950s, with increased population densities and a geographical coverage expansion as well. The Continental Terminal aquifer, major groundwater resource taped in this region by the national water companies and local populations, shows a continuous downward trend in piezometric levels. Concerning water quality, the evolution up to the current state (sal…

The UK needs a sustainable strategy for COVID-19

2020

The UK is well into the second wave of COVID-19, with 60 051 lives lost to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to date, according to provisional data from the Office for National Statistics. Official UK Government data show that cases have been rising exponentially since late August, 2020, with increases across all regions in England in recent weeks.As of Nov 4, 2020, the UK had 25 177 confirmed daily cases. These are almost certainly underestimates as between Oct 17 and Oct 23, 2020, England alone had 52 000 estimated daily cases.Estimates of the effective reproduction number in England vary between 1.1 and 1.6.Daily deaths have doubled every fortnight si…

The Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region Statement on the Erosion of Public Health Systems

2021

2021

Abstract Research-based discussions about 21st-century skills are currently needed; 21st-century skills refer to skills that today's students are expected to possess for successful future careers. The ways students perceive these skills or what kind of dispositions they have in this regard are significant. This paper provides an overview of the development of pre-service teachers' perceived 21st-century skills and dispositions. The quantitative data was collected in three phases during 2014, 2015, and 2016 at three Finnish universities. The number of respondents at each measurement point varied from 209 to 267. Data were analysed using latent growth curve modeling. The study focuses on stud…