Search results for "guild"
showing 10 items of 34 documents
Evolution of foraging ecology in Fennoscandian tits ( Parus spp.)
1994
Species belonging to the same genus exploit similar resources in a similar manner. Despite their general similarities in behaviour, they differ in morphology, and these differences are often interpreted as adaptations for use of different resources. Here we report on the relation between morphology, habitat selection and feeding ecology in seven tit species (Parus spp.) in Fennoscandia. A problem previously disregarded in most ecomorphological studies is that members of a guild with closely related species share their common ancestry. This historical legacy causes similarity in ecology and morphology. We have used phylogenetic information with proper comparative methods to reveal the evolut…
Intraguild interactions between two egg parasitoids exploring host patches
2010
Intraguild interactions between two egg parasitoids, Trissolcus basalis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), exploring egg masses of the Southern Green Stink Bug (SGSB) Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), were investigated in laboratory conditions by single, simultaneous and sequential host attack experiments. Mortality of N. viridula eggs was higher in simultaneous and sequential releases compared to single species releases. In simultaneous host exploitations, T. basalis females displayed an aggressive behavior against O. telenomicida females. The outcome of multiparasitism showed that interspecific larval competition was dominated by O…
Régulations biologiques des adventices: la prédation par les carabidés en semis direct sous couvert
2013
Manuskrypt cechu krawców ze zbiorów Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu. Edycja krytyczna
2016
Anonimowy dokument z Archiwum Państwowego w Opolu włączony do zbioru „Cechy miasta Opola z lat 1470-1934, 123” o sygnaturze 80 jest zabytkiem, który ukazuje dzieje kultury materialnej z zakresu rzemiosła krawców i kostiumologii. Datowany jest on na około 1700 rok i z pewnością powstał na Śląsku. Podstawowym składnikiem opolskiego manuskryptu są wykroje w skali 23 prac krawieckich, głównie ubiorów noszonych przy końcu XVII wieku, ale wśród krawieckich szablonów znalazły się także wzory użytkowe, takie jak chorągiew kościelna, namiot wojskowy, strój na konia, dekoracja elewacji domu. Do unikatu wśród tego zbioru należy zaliczyć wykrój kontusza należącego do kompletu ubiorów polskich. Jego obe…
Construction Guilds in Southern Italy and the Islands (15th-16th Centuries): Leadership and Rivalries
2020
In the South of Italy and the big islands, in counter-trend with respect to the rest of the peninsula, construction guilds know a renewed vitality between the last decades of 15th and the beginning of 16th centuries. Rules, prerogatives and operative modes are regulated by statutes, often undersigned by the masters included in the trade organization, mentioning also the other actors involved in the approval processes. The intertwining of these and other archival documents sometimes reveals the leading role played within the guild by masters that overcome the anonymity usually considered to be inherent in the corporate system. Comparing the rules and the boundaries among specific trades esta…
La maestranza dei muratori e degli intagliatori di Cefalù: i capitoli del 1631
2016
In età moderna le maestranze si configurano come un’associazione, alla cui attività devozionale e assi- stenziale si aggiunge quella economica e giurisdizionale, in rapporto all’esercizio di un’arte, ossia di un mestiere. Relativamente al settore edile, a partire dalla fine del Quattrocento vengono stilati gli statuti delle corporazioni delle principali città siciliani, quali Palermo (1487), Siracusa (1515), Modica (1541- 1542), Messina (1559), Nicosia (1560) e Trapani (1598), mentre al 1631 risale l’istituzione della Maestranza dei muratori e degli intagliatori di Cefalù; infatti, come risulta dagli atti del notaio locale Calogero D’Anna, l’11 febbraio di quell’anno vennero redatti i Capit…
Many More Consumers Not Always Induce Stronger Competition: Weaker Interspecific Competition Despite Higher Species Richness in Secondary Feeding Gui…
2021
The species functional structuration (specifically in terms of species richness and average intensity of interspecific competition) is widely varying among species communities and this point is now very well documented in literature. But, what about the species functional structuration within the different feeding guilds that coexist in a same local community – in particular the primary and the secondary feeding guilds? Are there significant differences – or not – between them in this respect? This rather fundamental issue does not seem having been addressed yet, at least using appropriate investigative tools. However, a series of recently published case studies, precisely implementing such…
Activity overlap between mesocarnivores and prey in the Central Mongolian steppe
2021
Research on the ecology and behaviour of mesocarnivores and their prey is scant in Mongolia. We investigated activity patterns of a guild of mesocarnivores (red fox, Pallas's cat and beech marten) and their prey (Siberian marmot, Daurian pika, Brandt vole, Mongolian gerbil and Mongolian silver vole) using 21 camera traps (effort = 1155 camera days) in Central Mongolia from 25st of May to 20th August 2019. Activity patterns of mesocarnivores were cathemeral (i.e. no difference between diurnal, nocturnal and crepuscular detections, although activity peaked at sunrise). Among prey, the Siberian marmot and the Daurian pika were diurnal, whereas the Mongolian gerbil and the Mongolian silver vole…
Preminenza e distinzione in Italia tra XIV e XV secolo. Alcuni problemi
2014
Intraguild interactions between egg parasitoids: window of opportunity and fitness costs for a facultative hyperparasitoid.
2013
We investigated intraguild interactions between two egg parasitoids of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiliev) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), as the former has the potential to be a facultative hyperparasitoid of the latter. We assessed the suitability of N. viridula eggs for the development of O. telenomicida as a function of egg age when they were unparasitized, or had been attacked by T. basalis at different times prior to exposure to O. telenomicida females. Ooencyrtus telenomicida can exploit healthy N. viridula host eggs up to 5 days of age, just prior to the emergence of N. viri…