Search results for "häiriö"
showing 10 items of 587 documents
Cohort Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Life Satisfaction in 75- and 80-Year-Olds : A Comparison of Two Cohorts 28 Years Apart
2023
Objectives To examine birth cohort differences in depressive symptoms and life satisfaction in older men and women and the mechanisms underpinning the possible cohort differences. Methods Two independent cohorts of Finnish men and women aged 75 and 80 were assessed in 1989–1990 ( n = 617) and 2017–2018 ( n = 794). They reported their depressive symptoms (CES-D), current life satisfaction, and evaluation of life until now. Results The later-born cohort reported fewer depressive symptoms (8.6 ± 7.1 vs. 13.9 ± 8.3) and the differences were similar for the subdomains of depressive symptoms. The later-born cohort was more often mostly satisfied with life until now (90 vs. 70%) but not with the c…
Identification of Reading Difficulties by a Digital Game-Based Assessment Technology
2020
Computerized game-based assessment (GBA) system for screening reading difficulties may provide substantial time and cost benefits over traditional paper-and-pencil assessment while providing means also to individually adapt learning content in educational games. To study the reliability and validity of a GBA system to identify struggling readers performing below a standard deviation from mean in paper-and-pencil test either in raw scores and grade-normative scores, a large-scale study with first to fourth grade students ( N = 723) was conducted, where GBA was administrated as a group test by tablet devices. Overall, the results indicated that the GBA can be successfully used to identify st…
A spontaneous mitonuclear epistasis converging on Rieske Fe-S protein exacerbates complex III deficiency in mice
2020
We previously observed an unexpected fivefold (35 vs. 200 days) difference in the survival of respiratory chain complex III (CIII) deficient Bcs1lp.S78G mice between two congenic backgrounds. Here, we identify a spontaneous homoplasmic mtDNA variant (m.G14904A, mt-Cybp.D254N), affecting the CIII subunit cytochrome b (MT-CYB), in the background with short survival. We utilize maternal inheritance of mtDNA to confirm this as the causative variant and show that it further decreases the low CIII activity in Bcs1lp.S78G tissues to below survival threshold by 35 days of age. Molecular dynamics simulations predict D254N to restrict the flexibility of MT-CYB ef loop, potentially affecting RISP dyna…
Digitaalisesti kiinni nuorten luku- ja oikeinkirjoitustaidon arviointiin toisella asteella
2020
Luku- ja kirjoitustaitoa on seulontavaiheessa perinteisesti arvioitu paperisella arviointivälineellä. Arvioinnin työläys ja verkkopohjaisen lukemisen yleistyminen ovat digitaalisen arviointivälineen kehittämiseen johtaneita syitä. Niilo Mäki Instituutissa tutkimusperustaisesti kehitetty DigiLukiseula tehostaa arviointia toisella asteella, jolloin opiskelijoiden tukemiseen jää enemmän aikaa. Digitaalisuus tuo myös uusia ulottuvuuksia arviointityöhön. DigiLukiseulan käsikirja on luettavissa osoitteessa digilukiseula.nmi.fi. peerReviewed
Svensklärare och elevernas dyslexi
2010
Tässä tutkielmassa tutkitaan ruotsinopettajien valmiuksia kohdata oppilaita, joilla on dysleksia. Lisäksi tutkielmassa tarkastellaan opettajankoulutuksen mahdollisia vaikutuksia tähän valmiuteen. Tutkielmassa käytetään sekä kvantitatiivisia, että kvalitatiivisia metodeja. Aineistonkeruu suoritettiin kyselylomakkeilla, jotka sisälsivät sekä strukturoituja-, että avoimia kysymyksiä. Strukturoidut kysymykset käsiteltiin kvantitatiivisesti ja avoimet kysymykset kvalitatiivisesti. Kyselyyn osallistui yhteensä 17 vastaajaa. Vastaajat koostuivat opettajista, jotka ovat suorittaneet opettajankoulutuksen auskultoinnin vuosien 1972-2005 välillä. Tulokset osoittivat, että suurimmalla osalla opettajist…
It's a jungle out there : a material package for supporting students with dyslexia in foreign language classrooms in upper secondary school
2017
Lukivaikeus on yksi yleisimmistä oppimisen vaikeuksista ja koskettaa myös suurta osaa lukiolaisista. Suuressa osassa lukioita ei kuitenkaan tarjota erillistä erityisopetusta, vaan tukimuodot rajoittuvat lukivaikeusdiagnoosin saaneilla lähinnä lisäaikaan kokeissa. Täten vastuu mahdollisen tuen antamisesta on tällä hetkellä aineenopettajalla. Aineenopettajakoulutukseen ei kuitenkaan sisälly kattavaa tietoa oppimisen vaikeuksista, ja siksi olemme koonneet tähän tutkielmaan ja materiaalipakettiin tietoa lukivaikeuden vaikutuksista vieraan kielen opiskeluun. Tämän vuoksi tutkielmamme tarkoituksena on antaa lukion opettajille tiivis katsaus lukivaikeuteen sekä sen ilmenemiseen ja tukemiseen erity…
Predicting the working alliance over the course of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy with the Rorschach Ego Impairment Index, self-reported defen…
2021
Better therapeutic alliances are known to predict better treatment outcomes, but little knowledge still exists on the patient characteristics that lead to better alliances. In a sample of 128 outpatients assigned to long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and suffering from mood and/or anxiety disorder, this study evaluated how the alliance, measured using the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI), is predicted by three different measures for assessing psychological resources and vulnerabilities: the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised (WAIS–R), the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), and the Rorschach-based Ego Impairment Index (EII-2). All the three measures showed some ability to predict t…
Resolving reading disability : Childhood predictors and adult-age outcomes
2018
We examined frequency of adult-age reading disability (RD) and its childhood predictors among 48 adults (20 to 39 years) with documented childhood RD, and contrasted their cognitive skills, education, and employment with 37 matched controls. Among individuals with childhood RD, more than half had improved in their reading fluency to the level where the set criterion for adult-age RD was not met anymore. More fluent rapid naming, less severe childhood RD, and multiple support providers in childhood together predicted improvement of reading fluency. More fluent naming differentiated the childhood RD participants whose reading fluency had improved by adult-age from those participants whose RD …
Work incapacity among family caregivers : a record linkage study
2022
BackgroundFamily caregiving-related physical and mental health problems may lead to work incapacity in employed caregivers. The aim of this study was to quantify sickness absences and disability pensions (SADP) among high-intensity family caregivers available to the labour market compared with a control population.MethodsThe study sample included all individuals in Finland, who had received caregiver’s allowance and were available to the labour market in 2012 (n=16 982) and their controls (n=35 371). Information on the number of sickness absence (spells >10 days) and disability pension (SADP) days and related diagnoses according to ICD-10 were obtained from national registers for the yea…
What’s in a name : the effect of category labels on teachers’ beliefs.
2019
In this paper, we report an investigation of the possible influence on teachers’ essentialist thinking and efficacy beliefs of category labels used to describe children’s educational difficulties. A 2x2x2 counterbalanced design was employed in which primary school teachers in Finland and the UK were exposed to vignettes that portrayed a child exhibiting difficulties in one of two domains: either behaviour or reading. Vignettes were presented in two versions. In one, the child was labelled as having either ‘ADHD’ or ‘Dyslexia’; in the alternate condition, no such label was ascribed, descriptions were identical in all other respects. Participating teachers were presented with two vignettes, o…