Search results for "heat shock"

Heat shock factor 2 is a stress-responsive mediator of neuronal migration defects in models of fetal alcohol syndrome

2014

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a frequent cause of mental retardation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying brain development defects induced by maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy are unclear. We used normal and Hsf2-deficient mice and cell systems to uncover a pivotal role for heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) in radial neuronal migration defects in the cortex, a hallmark of fetal alcohol exposure. Upon fetal alcohol exposure, HSF2 is essential for the triggering of HSF1 activation, which is accompanied by distinctive post-translational modifications, and HSF2 steers the formation of atypical alcohol-specific HSF1–HSF2 heterocomplexes. This perturbs the in vivo bindi…

Hsp60, a Novel Target for Antitumor Therapy: Structure-Function Features and Prospective Drugs Design

2013

Heat shock protein 60 kDa (Hsp60) is a chaperone classically believed to be involved in assisting the correct folding of other mitochondrial proteins. Hsp60 also plays a role in cytoprotection against cell stressors, displaying for example, antiapoptotic potential. Despite the plethora of studies devoted to the mechanism of Hsp60's function, especially in prokaryotes, fundamental issues still remain unexplored, including the definition of its role in cancer. Key questions still unanswered pertain to the differences in structure-function features that might exist between the well-studied prokaryotic GroEL and the largely unexplored eukaryotic Hsp60 proteins. In this article we discuss these …

Synthesis of heat-shock proteins in developing sea urchins.

1981

Heating sea urchin embryos at 31°C greatly reduces the synthesis of the bulk proteins, whereas it highly stimulates the synthesis of some new proteins, the main ones being two closely migrating proteins of about 70,000 daltons. The production of heat-shock proteins is obtained only if the embryos are heated after hatching. Stages which produce heat-shock proteins survive heating, whereas earlier stages, not producing heat-shock proteins, do not survive. Heat-shock proteins are not produced in the presence of actinomycin D.

Rapid changes in heat-shock cognate 70 levels, heat-shock cognate phosphorylation state, heat-shock transcription factor, and metal transcription fac…

2010

The aim of the present study was to analyze and compare the effects of several metals on the embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, a key species within the Mediterranean Sea ecosystem. Embryos were continuously exposed from fertilization to the following metals: 0.6 mg/l copper, 3 mg/l lead, and 6 mg/l nickel. The embryos were then monitored for metal responses at the gastrula stage, which occurred 24 h after exposure. A biochemical multi-experimental approach was taken and involved the investigation of the levels of HSC70 expression and the involvement of heat shock factor (HSF) and/or metal transcription factor (MTF) in the response. Immunoblotting assays and electrophoretic mo…

Hsp60 in Inflammatory Disorders

2019

Heat shock proteins (HSP) including HSP60 are immunogenic proteins shared by particular microbial agents and mammals. HSP60 has been implicated in multiple inflammatory disorders and autoimmune diseases mostly through its interactions with the immune system. Such diseases include inflammatory bowel disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis and even atherosclerosis plaques among others. It is present in the cytosol, cell membrane, cell surface as well as in the extracellular space and in the circulation. As a super antigen, HSP60 has the dual role as an immunomodulator and as a biomarker, a node molecule in balance between …

Heavy Metals and Metalloids as Autophagy Inducing Agents: Focus on Cadmium and Arsenic

2012

In recent years, research on the autophagic process has greatly increased, invading the fields of biology and medicine. Several markers of the autophagic process have been discovered and various strategies have been reported studying this molecular process in different biological systems in both physiological and stress conditions. Furthermore, mechanisms of metalloid- or heavy metal-induced toxicity continue to be of interest given the ubiquitous nature and distribution of these contaminants in the environment where they often play the role of pollutants of numerous organisms. The aim of this review is a critical analysis and correlation of knowledge of autophagic mechanisms studied under …

Induction of DNA damage and expression of heat shock protein HSP70 by polychlorinated biphenyls in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula Olivi

1999

The effects of different polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) including toxic coplanar non-ortho (PCB77) and non-planar mono-ortho (PCB118) and di-ortho (PCB153) congeners on the extent of DNA damage as well as on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were investigated in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula Olivi (Porifera; Demospongiae). A time-dependent increase in the number of DNA single-strand breaks, expressed as strand scission factor (SSF), was found after injection of a single dose of 25 mu g of PCB 118 or PCB 153 per gram wet mass of S. domuncula, using Fast Micromethod assay, which is based on the unwinding of DNA under alkaline conditions. The number of strand breaks ind…

Induction of heat-shock (stress) protein gene expression by selected natural and anthropogenic disturbances in the octocoral Dendronephthya klunzinge…

2000

Previously it was found that the expression of selected heat-shock proteins is upregulated in corals after exposure to elevated temperature. We published that HSPs are suitable markers in sponges to monitor the degree of environmental stress on these animals. In the present study the heat-shock proteins (HSPs) with a molecular weight of 90 kDa have been selected to prove their potential usefulness as biomarkers under controlled laboratory conditions and in the field. The studies have been performed with the octocoral Dendronephthya klunzingeri from which the cDNA coding for HSP90 was cloned first. The expression of the HSP90 gene is upregulated by thermal stress; treatment of the animals fo…

Heat Shock Proteins in Sea Urchin Embryos. (heat shock proteins/sea urchin embryos)

1989

Transcriptomic and proteomic insights of the wine yeast biomass propagation process

2010

Transcriptome and proteome profiles have been established for the commercial wine yeast strain T73 during an important industrial process: yeast biomass propagation. The data from both analyses reveal that the metabolic transition from fermentation to respiration is the most critical step in biomass propagation. We identified 177 ORFs and 56 proteins among those most expressed during the process, thus highlighting cell stress response, mitochondrial and carbohydrate metabolism as the most represented functional categories. A direct correlation between mRNA changes and protein abundance was observed for several functional categories such as tricarboxylic acid cycle proteins, heat shock prote…