Search results for "high-resolution"

showing 8 items of 208 documents

Spark plasma sintering of zirconia/nano-nickel composites

2015

Open Access

NanocompositeMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringPowder materialsSpark plasma sinteringchemistry.chemical_elementSpark plasma sinteringMechanical propertiesNanoceramicsCeramic matrix compositeZirconia-nickel compositesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionNanocompositesNickelchemistrylawVickers hardness testGeneral Materials ScienceCubic zirconiaCalcinationComposite materialHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyNanomaterials
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The airway response to deep inspirations decreases with COPD severity and is associated with airway distensibility assessed by computed tomography.

2008

In patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the effect of deep inspirations (DIs) to reverse methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction is largely attenuated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the effectiveness of DI is reduced with increasing disease severity and that this is associated with a reduction in the ability of DI to distend the airways. Fifteen subjects [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I–II: n = 7; GOLD stage III–IV: n = 8] underwent methacholine bronchoprovocation in the absence of DI, followed by DI. The effectiveness of DI was assessed by their ability to improve inspiratory vital capacity and forced expira…

SpirometryHigh-resolution computed tomographyPhysiologyRespiratory SystemVital CapacityHyperinflationSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioSeverity of Illness IndexBronchial Provocation TestsBronchoconstrictor AgentsAirway-parenchyma interdependencePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveBronchoprovocationPhysiology (medical)Forced Expiratory VolumeSeverity of illnessAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansHigh-resolution computed tomographyMethacholine ChlorideAgedAged 80 and overCOPDMethacholinemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAirway-parenchyma interdependence; Bronchoprovocation; High-resolution computed tomography; Hyperinflation; Methacholine; Administration Inhalation; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Bronchoconstrictor Agents; Elasticity; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Methacholine Chloride; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Respiratory System; Severity of Illness Index; Spirometry; Vital Capacity; Inhalation; Tomography Spiral Computed; Physiology; Physiology (medical)Respiratory diseaseArticlesrespiratory systemMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseElasticityrespiratory tract diseasesBronchial Provocation TestInhalationSpirometryAnesthesiaBronchoconstrictor AgentBronchoconstrictionMethacholinemedicine.symptomBronchial HyperreactivityAirwaybusinessTomography Spiral ComputedHumanmedicine.drugJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
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A machine learning application to predict early lung involvement in scleroderma: A feasibility evaluation

2021

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic immune-mediated disease, featuring fibrosis of the skin and organs, and has the greatest mortality among rheumatic diseases. The nervous system involvement has recently been demonstrated, although actual lung involvement is considered the leading cause of death in SSc and, therefore, should be diagnosed early. Pulmonary function tests are not sensitive enough to be used for screening purposes, thus they should be flanked by other clinical examinations

Elastic net regularizationSpirometryMedicine (General)High-resolution computed tomographyArtificial intelligenceClinical BiochemistryDiseaseMachine learningcomputer.software_genreArticlePulmonary function testingR5-920Machine learningmedicineCause of deathEsophageal dilatationintegumentary systemmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHRCT chestRegressionRandom forestArtificial intelligence; Esophageal dilatation; HRCT chest; Machine learning; Systemic sclerosisSystemic sclerosisArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer
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"Sweet Chemistry": a Green Way for Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles Active against Cancer Cells

2017

We present an environment friendly synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and the study of their cytotoxic activity against uterine sarcoma cancer and fibroblasts cells. Amorphous selenium (a-SeNPs) and trigonal selenium (t-SeNPs) were synthesized using D-fructose as the reducing agent and characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), dynamic light scattering (DLS) to obtain zeta potential values and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Particularly, a-SeNPs presented high toxicity toward the resistant cancer cell line MES-SA/…

Chemistrygreen chemistryInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryD-fructose010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesDynamic light scatteringTransmission electron microscopyInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyselenium nanoparticlesZeta potentialcancer cellscytotoxicityCyclic voltammetryInductively coupled plasma0210 nano-technologyHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopySelenium
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Accelerated Changes of Environmental Conditions on the Tibetan Plateau Caused by Climate Change

2011

Abstract Variations of land surface parameters over the Tibetan Plateau have great importance on local energy and water cycles, the Asian monsoon, and climate change studies. In this paper, the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Land (PAL) dataset is used to retrieve the land surface temperature (LST), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and albedo, from 1982 to 2000. Simultaneously, meteorological parameters and land surface heat fluxes are acquired from the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40) dataset and the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), respectively. Results show that from …

Atmospheric SciencegeographyPlateaugeography.geographical_feature_categoryAdvanced very-high-resolution radiometerClimate changeMETIS-304166AlbedoMonsoonNormalized Difference Vegetation IndexITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLEClimatologyEnvironmental scienceEast Asian MonsoonWater cycleJournal of Climate
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Coronary artery calcium score on low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening

2013

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) on low-dose non-gated chest CT (ngCCT). Methods: Sixty consecutive individuals (30 males; 73 ± 7 years) scheduled for risk stratification by means of unenhanced ECG-triggered cardiac computed tomography (gCCT) underwent additional unenhanced ngCCT. All CT scans were performed on a 64-slice CT scanner (Somatom Sensation 64 Cardiac, Siemens, Germany). CACS was calculated using conventional methods/scores (Volume, Mass, Agatston) as previously described in literature. The CACS value obtained were compared. The Mayo Clinic classification was used to stratify cardiovascular risk based on Agatston CACS. Differences and corre…

High-resolution computed tomographymedicine.medical_specialtyCoronary artery calcium scoreunenhanced chest computed tomographymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCoronary artery calcium scorecardiovascular risk stratificationLow dosenutritional and metabolic diseasesComputed tomographyLower riskEffective dose (radiation)SurgeryLung cancer screeningcardiovascular systemmedicineProspective Studycardiovascular diseasesSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaAgatston scoreNuclear medicinebusinessHigh-resolution computed tomographyLung cancer screeningWorld Journal of Radiology
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Surface Defects as a Tool to Solubilize and Functionalize WS 2 Nanotubes

2017

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides contain a number of crystal defects which significantly change their properties may be beneficial or detrimental for a specific application. We have prepared defect-rich multiwalled WS2 nanotubes by reductive sulfidization of W18O49 nanowires that were obtained solvothermally from tungsten chloride in different alcohols. The synthesis of the W18O49 nanowires was monitored and their morphological characteristics (e. g. length, rigidity and aspect ratio) are described in detail. The effect of morphology of the nanowires on the synthesis of WS2 nanotubes was investigated in order to obtain WS2 nanotubes that are highly solvent dispersible. Dispersions o…

Tungsten disulfideSelective chemistry of single-walled nanotubesNanowireNanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryOptical properties of carbon nanotubeschemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakechemistryChemical engineeringElectron diffractionsymbols0210 nano-technologyHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyRaman spectroscopyEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
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Multiscale integrated approach to understand the structure and evolution of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) caldera off the Campi Flegrei, eastern T…

2016

Resurgent calderas are among the largest and most dynamic volcanic structures on earth. They are typically associated with major eruptions with considerable volumes of pyroclastic deposits accompanied by large collapse structures and late stage deformation and uplift of the intra-caldera floor region. The Campi Flegrei is a vast volcanic area located on the coastal zone of the Campania region of SW Italy, a large part of which develops off the Naples (Pozzuoli) Bay. The area has been active since at least ~80 ka BP and is structurally dominated by a caldera collapse, ca. 8 km in diameter, associated with the eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT), a 30–50 km3 Dense Rock Equivalent ign…

Settore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E SedimentologicaSettore GEO/03 - Geologia StrutturaleCampi Flegrei resurgent caldera high-resolution reflection seismics Pozzuoli Bay eastern Tyrrhenian margin.
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