Search results for "hormones"
showing 10 items of 1169 documents
The endocrine pattern of late onset adrenal hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency)
1984
We describe 5 adult women with severe hirsutism due to late onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Diagnosis was performed on the finding of high serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) levels with a marked hyperresponse to an ACTH test. The endocrine study showed in most patients a gonadotropin behavior similar to that observed in classical polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome. Prolactin levels were slightly increased in basal conditions and presented an exaggerated response to TRH stimulation.
Update on autoimmune hepatitis
2009
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a necroinflammatory liver disease of unknown etiology that occurs in children and adults of all ages. Characteristics are its autoimmune features, hyperglobulinemia (IgG), and the presence of circulating autoantibodies, as well as a response to immunosuppressant drugs. Current treatment consists of prednisone and azathioprine and in most patients this disease has become very treatable. Over the past 2 years, a couple of new insights into the genetic aspects, clinical course and treatment of AIH have been reported, which will be the focus of this review. In particular, we concentrate on genome-wide microsatellite analysis, a novel mouse model of AIH, the evaluat…
Hormonal Alterations in Victimized Women Explained by Their Hostile Reactions in Coping with Couple Violence
2019
AbstractRecent studies have highlighted the dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and its end products, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), in women with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. These studies analyzed several coping styles, but they neglected to examine the use of violent strategies to confront IPV and the way these strategies affect HPA functioning. This latter proposal would be based on the gender symmetry model of IPV, which sustains that IPV is generally symmetrical, but that women’s violence tends to be a reaction to male violence. Hence, the main objective of the present study was to examine whether women’s viol…
Effects of leptin on lipopolysaccharide-induced myometrial apoptosis in an in vitro human model of chorioamnionitis.
2011
Objective This study was aimed at assessing the role of leptin on human myometrium, by studying its receptor expression in pregnant myometrium and the interaction of leptin with inflammation-induced apoptosis. Study Design Myometrial samples were obtained from women with uncomplicated pregnancies who underwent cesarean delivery at term before labor onset. The effect of leptin on apoptosis was assessed by the incubation of myometrial strips with leptin (10 –10 to 10 –8 mol/L; 48 hours) before lipopolysaccharide treatment (10 μg/mL; 48 hours). Results Long and short leptin receptor isoforms were expressed in myometrial cells of pregnant women. Leptin prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced apopt…
New Obesity Indices and Adipokines in Normotensive Patients and Patients With Hypertension
2013
We compared the obesity parameters and selected adipokines—leptin, adiponectin, and resistin—in obese patients with hypertension and normotensive patients. A total of 67 nondiabetic obese outpatients were divided into 2 groups: A–hypertensive and B–normotensive. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and insulin were measured. Weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured to calculate waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), weight-to-height ratio, visceral adiposity index, and body adiposity index (BAI). Among patients with hypertension, significant positive correlations were observed between leptin and body mass index and BAI ( r = .31 and r = .63, respectively). In n…
Expression of the obesity hormone leptin and its receptor correlates with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in human colorectal cancer.
2007
Background: The obesity hormone, leptin, has been found to play a role in development and proliferation of normal and malignant tissues. Leptin activity is mediated through the leptin receptor (ObR) that is often expressed in different human cancer cells. Previously, we found that the expression of leptin and ObR can be stimulated by hypoxia-mimetic agents. The aim of this study was to analyze the abundance of and relationships among leptin, ObR and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α, transcriptional regulator) in human colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: We investigated the expression of leptin, ObR and HIF-1 a in colorectal cancer specimens from 135 patients who underwent curative …
Leptin and leptin receptor expression in asthma.
2009
Background The adipokine leptin is a potential new mediator for bronchial epithelial homeostasis. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway remodeling that might affect disease chronicity and severity. TGF-β is a tissue growth factor the dysregulation of which is associated with airway remodeling. Objective We sought to determine whether a bronchial epithelial dysfunction of the leptin/leptin receptor pathway contributes to asthma pathogenesis and severity. Methods We investigated in vitro the presence of leptin/leptin receptor on human bronchial epithelial cells. Then we studied the effect of TGF-β and fluticasone propionate on leptin receptor expression. Finally, th…
Impact of interval walking training managed through smart mobile devices on albuminuria and leptin/adiponectin ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes
2020
Abstract Background Interval walking training has demonstrated more pronounced positive effects on physical fitness and metabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2D), compared to continuous walking. One of the pathogenic mechanisms of T2D is associated with derangements in leptin/adiponectin axis, which might predispose affected individuals to vascular inflammation and albuminuria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of interval walking training delivered through smart mobile devices upon albuminuria and leptin/adiponectin ratio in patients with T2D. Methods Patients with T2D aged 35–75 were randomized into control (n = 26) and interval training (IT, n = 14) groups. Patients in IT gr…
The leptin system during human endometrial receptivity and preimplantation development.
2004
The leptin system is implicated in the regulation of body weight and reproductive function, acting at endocrine and paracrine levels. This ligand-receptor system is mandatory for embryonic implantation in rodents. Here, we investigate the expression pattern of total leptin receptor (OB-R(T)), the long form (OB-R(L)) and short isoforms HuB219.1 and HuB219.3 in the human endometrium. Furthermore, we studied leptin and OB-R(T) mRNA during human embryonic preimplantation development and the embryonic regulation of the endometrial OB-R(L). Leptin receptor expression and its isoforms increase in the luteal phase and peak in the late part. Leptin receptor was localized at the epithelial and glandu…
The role of adiponectin and leptin in the treatment of ovarian cancer patients
2019
Introduction: Ovarian cancer is most frequently detected in the advanced stage. Although its pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, it is assumed that body susceptibility and hormonal disorders are responsible. The role of some cytokines as predictors in the treatment process is still investigated. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship of adiponectin and leptin with the disease severity and response to chemotherapy. Material and methods: Forty-three ovarian cancer patients were treated by systemic treatment. Patients received 5–7 cycles of chemotherapy — paclitaxel/carboplatin with or without bevacizumab. Using standard ELISA kits before and after chemotherapy, adiponectin a…