Search results for "human serum"

Drug Binding Properties of Tyrosine-Modified Human Serum Albumin

1978

Human serum albumin (HSA) has only a small number of specific binding sites for drugs. There are facts indicating that tyrosine residues may be involved in these binding sites. Thus we modified HSA with tetranitromethan, a reagent specific for tyrosine residues in proteins. As derived from an UV-absorption quotient three albumins with a degree of modification of two, five and eight residues per molecule were obtained. Only for the albumin with eight residues modified a small reduction of ordered secondary structure was found.

Selective extraction of small proteins from biological samples using a novel restricted access column with cation exchange properties

2000

The determination of proteins utilising a polymer-based restricted access suppor material with ion exchange properties (IERAM) is outlined. Solid phase extraction coupled on-line with a mincrobore reversed phase HPLC system for the quantitation of small marker proteins is demonstrated. The cation-exchange restricted access packings were characterised with respect to their adsorption and desorption kinetics. The IERAM material was also investigated by capacity, selectivity, and biocompatibility determinations when applied to the quantification of small molecular weight proteins such as cytochrome C, Lysozyme, Ribonuclease A, Myoglobin, Insulin, human serum albumin, and a Tryptic inhibitor.

Thermodynamics and Kinetics of the Interactions Between Proteins and Hydrophilic Polymers

2021

Hydrophilic polymers are being investigated as possible coating agents for therapeutic nanoparticles because of their capacity to reduce immune response and increase circulation life time. The mechanism of action of these coatings is not well understood although it is clear that they unspecifically reduce the amount of proteins adsorbing on the nanoparticle surface coming in contact with biological fluids. Here we have investigated, using state-of-the-art atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, the equilibrium and kinetic properties of the interactions forming between human serum albumin, the most abundant protein in the blood stream, and two different and promising polymers poly(ethylene…

Polymer Complexes in Biological Applications

2013

This chapter summarizes the influence of polyelectrolyte topology on biological functions and biomedical applications such as cell uptake, drug delivery, and gene transfection. Polyelectrolytes utilized are spherical structures derived from dendrimers and albumin or cylindrical brushes, all of which are decorated with various polypeptide chains.

Control of the thermal reaction of a photochromic spirobenzopyran by the enzyme-like activity of albumins

1997

Abstract The thermal ring-opening reaction of a negative photochronic spirobenzopyran was investigated in the presence and absence of albumins. In the presence of the proteins, the formation of the merocyanine form from the spiro form is enhanced markedly by two orders of magnitude. The results for five different albumins indicate the enzyme-like activity of the proteins. The influence of pH, temperature and various ligands was examined in detail for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA). In particular, it was deduced that warfarin shows reversible purely competitive inhibition for BSA with an inhibitor constant K 1 of 1.6×10 −3 M. The results suggest that the catalytic c…

Benzodiazepines: specific competitors for the binding of L-tryptophan to human serum albumin.

1975

By means of the gel filtration technique, the effect of nine benzo-diazepine derivates on the binding of l-tryptophan to human serum albumin was investigated. Using equimolar tryptophan and benzodiazepine concentrations, all benzodiazepines with binding constants higher than 104 (M−1), displace l-tryptophan from its binding site to a high degree. The mechanism of the displacement was characterized as a competition for a common binding site. Some of the benzodiazepines displace l-tryptophan to a greater extent than salicylic acid. The benzodiazepines and tryptophan are the only substances known with a high degree of stereospecific binding to human serum albumin. This study shows that there i…

Climate associated variations in the human serum albumin level.

1975

Quantitative determinations of the human serum albumin level showed significantly higher values in tropical (Negroes 46.98 mg/ml, Indians 54.30 mg/ml) than in non-tropical populations (Germans 44.41 mg/ml). These observations are in agreement with those of several other authors. It is assumed that these variations in the serum albumin level are related to climate, and that they may indicate some biological advantage of higher albumin levels under the climatic conditions of tropical biotops. This hypothesis is discussed considering several aspects.

Appropriateness of requests for human serum albumin at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy: a prospective study

2015

Abstract OBJECTIVE: First, to assess the appropriateness of requests for albumin using current guidelines; second, to evaluate physicians' compliance with this protocol. DESIGN: Descriptive, prospective study. SETTING: 'Paolo Giaccone' University Hospital in Palermo (Italy). PARTICIPANTS: The six departments with the highest orders for albumin. INTERVENTION: An experimental, pharmacist-driven process for daily orders of albumin was activated over a period of 1 month. Pharmacy personnel handed out order forms on six different wards. Physicians were required to select one of a number of intended uses listed on the form. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Data on albumin and serum protein levels; number o…

Plasma polymer films and gold nanoparticles: coupling of properties to design a biosensor

The present investigation deals with the functionalization of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with primary amine-based plasma polymer films (NH2-PPF), to improve their properties for bioanalytical applications. Cyclopropylamine (CPA) plasma polymerization, in pulsed and continuous wave radio frequency discharges, was employed to growth CPA amino-based PPFs coatings (18 nm) onto Au NPs of 12 nm of diameter deposited on glass and silicon substrates. A multi-technique investigation, based on FT-IR and XPS spectroscopies, AFM and SEM microscopies and Tof-SIMS spectrometry, revealed peculiar features of the CPA PPFs. In particular, by FT-IR it was possible to obtain an overview about the rich chemis…