Search results for "hypoglycemic"
showing 10 items of 215 documents
No Improvement of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Vasorelaxant Effect Despite Increase in HDL Cholesterol Concentration in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Tr…
2014
Abstract Context: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) from type 2 diabetic patients are unable to counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs) on vasorelaxation. We hypothesized that glitazones, which improve glycemic control and dyslipidemia, could correct this abnormality. Objectives and Design: We compared the ability of HDL from controls (n = 12) and from type 2 diabetic patients before and after 6 months of treatment with either rosiglitazone (n = 11) or pioglitazone (n = 8) to counteract the inhibitory effect of ox-LDL on vasodilatation of rabbit aorta rings. Results: Rosiglitazone induced a decrease in hemoglobin A1c (7.7% ± 1.1% vs 9.8% ± 1.0%, P = .0…
Differential Effect of Glycosylated Hemoglobin Value and Antidiabetic Treatment on the Risk of 30-day Readmission Following a Hospitalization for Acu…
2015
In patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes, low glycosylated hemoglobin has been related with higher risk of mortality but information regarding morbidity is scarce. We sought to evaluate the association between glycosylated hemoglobin and 30-day readmission in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute heart failure.Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured before discharge in 835 consecutive patients with acute heart failure and type 2 diabetes. Cox regression analysis adapted for competing events was used.Mean (standard deviation) age was 72.9 (9.6) years and median glycosylated hemoglobin was 7.2% (6.5%-8.0%). Patients treated with insulin or insulin/sulfonylurea/meglitinides were 41.1%…
Association of prestroke metformin use, stroke severity, and thrombolysis outcome
2020
ObjectiveTo evaluate whether pretreatment with metformin (MET) is associated with less stroke severity and better outcome after IV thrombolysis (IVT), we analyzed a cohort of 1,919 patients with stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a multicenter exploratory analysis.MethodsData from patients with diabetes and ischemic stroke treated with IVT were collected within the European Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients (TRISP) collaboration. We applied propensity score matching (PSM) to obtain balanced baseline characteristics of patients treated with and without MET.ResultsOf 1,919 patients with stroke with type 2 diabetes who underwent IVT, 757 (39%) had received MET before stroke (MET+),…
Fast recovery with etanercept in patients affected by polymyalgia rheumatica and decompensated diabetes: a case-series study
2008
We enrolled nine consecutive patients affected by newly diagnosed polymyalgia rheumatica and decompensated diabetes mellitus. All patients were treated with etanercept (25 mg twice weekly) and prednisone and were followed up to 1 year. At the sixth-month follow-up, etanercept and prednisone were withdrawn. Patients were seen at regular intervals (days 0, 30, 60, 90, 150, 180) and the following variables determined: erythrocytes sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, fasting serum glucose, pain measured by visual analog scale, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Our results indicate that etanercept might have some steroid-sparing effects, but controlled investigations are needed to sup…
The metabolic syndrome: Definition, diagnosis and management
2008
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a major public health problem in the developed countries.(1) It is cited with different names, such as syndrome X, insulin resistance syndrome, Reaven's syndrome or CHAOS (Australia). MetS increases the cardiovascular risk, but with specific lifestyle changes and individualized drug treatment the development of serious vascular complications can be avoided. In the last years, MetS has become a prevalent clinical condition. Therefore, it is necessary to create a complete document on the diagnosis and clinical management of MetS to avoid the confusion that derives from the vast amount of scientific papers, different revisions and definitions of the sy…
Diagnostic use of fructosamine assay in the control of type II diabetes mellitus.
1988
In an attempt to evaluate the usefulness of fructosamine assay in monitoring type II diabetes, 142 diabetic patients were investigated. Fructosamine values were found to be higher in patients on insulin treatment than on oral hypoglycemic agents. In order to evaluate the metabolic control by using the correlated variations of F, Gm and HbAlc, the patients were subdivided into many control classes: mean values of fructosamine were higher in poorly controlled patients. Fructosamine however correlated better with glycemia in patients with recent variations in metabolic state than HbAlc. It was concluded that fructosamine is a good index for short-term metabolic control, and if used in an integ…
Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
2020
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating neurologic condition with tremendous socioeconomic impact on affected individuals and the health care system. The treatment of SCI principally includes surgical treatment and marginal pharmacologic and rehabilitation therapies targeting secondary events with minor clinical improvements. This unsuccessful result mainly reflects the complexity of SCI pathophysiology and the diverse biochemical and physiologic changes that occur in the injured spinal cord. Once the nervous system is injured, cascades of cellular and molecular events are triggered at varying times. Although the cascade of tissue reactions and cell injury develops over a period of days …
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the therapeutic challenge of a global epidemic.
2011
Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and especially its inflammatory variant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have become a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide because of the increasing prevalence of its major risk factors obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are closely linked to overeating, physical inactivity, and the metabolic syndrome.Between 10 and 20% of patients with NAFL develop NASH, which can progress to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The overall mortality in these patients is significantly increased because of both cardiovascular and liver-related complications. Sustained weight loss by diet and exercise, which is the most effective the…
Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents.
2021
Epidemiological data have demonstrated a significant association between the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation, the processes inherent to T2DM, also play active roles in the onset and progression of CRC. Recently, small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, a typical characteristic of diabetic dyslipidemia, emerged as another possible underlying link between T2DM and CRC. Growing evidence suggests that antidiabetic medications may have beneficial effects in CRC prevention. According to findings from a limited number of preclinical and clinical stud…
Insulin withdrawal in diabetic kidney disease : What are we waiting for?
2021
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide stands at nearly 9.3% and it is estimated that 20–40% of these patients will develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD). DKD is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and these patients often present high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in those patients with poorly controlled risk factors. Furthermore, many are overweight or obese, due primarily to insulin compensation resulting from insulin resistance. In the last decade, treatment with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) have been shown to be beneficial in renal and cardiovascular targets; however…