Search results for "iNOS"
showing 10 items of 2075 documents
Trace metal partitioning in Fe–Mn nodules from Sicilian soils, Italy
2001
Concentrations of 20 elements (Mn, Fe, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Cd, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pb) were determined in 18 Fe–Mn nodules from two alfisols, which are subject to periodic waterlogging. The nodules are significantly enriched in most trace metals relative to the host soil, with Mn, Co, Ce, Pb, Ba, Cd, Ni more enriched than Fe, V, La, Cu, Sr, Zn. Cesium and rubidium show poor or no enrichment in the nodules, consistent with their aluminosilicate affiliation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) microprobe analysis have shown different microstructures (an undifferentiated fabric and a distinctive Fe–Mn banded struct…
SNEWS 2.0 : a next-generation supernova early warning system for multi-messenger astronomy
2021
The next core-collapse supernova in the Milky Way or its satellites will represent a once-in-a-generation opportunity to obtain detailed information about the explosion of a star and provide significant scientific insight for a variety of fields because of the extreme conditions found within. Supernovae in our galaxy are not only rare on a human timescale but also happen at unscheduled times, so it is crucial to be ready and use all available instruments to capture all possible information from the event. The first indication of a potential stellar explosion will be the arrival of a bright burst of neutrinos. Its observation by multiple detectors worldwide can provide an early warning for t…
Seesaw Majoron Model of Neutrino Mass and Novel Signals in Higgs Boson Production at LEP
1998
We perform a careful study of the neutral scalar sector of a model which includes a singlet, a doublet, and a triplet scalar field under $SU(2)$. This model is motivated by neutrino physics, since it is simply the most general version of the seesaw model of neutrino mass generation through spontaneous violation of lepton number. The neutral Higgs sector contains three CP-even and one massive CP-odd Higgs boson $A$, in addition to the massless CP-odd majoron $J$. The weakly interacting majoron remains massless if the breaking of lepton number symmetry is purely spontaneous. We show that the massive CP-odd Higgs boson may invisibly decay to three majorons, as well as to a CP-even Higgs $H$ bo…
Revisiting Plant Plasma Membrane Lipids in Tobacco: A Focus on Sphingolipids
2016
International audience; The lipid composition of plasma membrane (PM) and the corresponding detergent-insoluble membrane (DIM) fraction were analyzed with a specific focus on highly polar sphingolipids, so-called glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs). Using tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) 'Bright Yellow 2' cell suspension and leaves, evidence is provided that GIPCs represent up to 40 mol % of the PM lipids. Comparative analysis of DIMs with the PM showed an enrichment of 2-hydroxylated very-long-chain fatty acid-containing GIPCs and polyglycosylated GIPCs in the DIMs. Purified antibodies raised against these GIPCs were further used for immunogold-electron microscopy strategy, revealing …
A peptide from human β thymosin as a platform for the development of new anti-biofilm agents for Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2016
Conventional antibiotics might fail in the treatment of biofilm-associated infections causing infection recurrence and chronicity. The search for antimicrobial peptides has been performed with the aim to discover novel anti-infective agents active on pathogens in both planktonic and biofilm associated forms. The fragment 9-19 of human thymosin β4 was studied through 1 μs MD simulation. Two main conformations of the peptide were detected, both constituted by a central hydrophobic core and by the presence of peripheral charged residues suggesting a possible mechanism of interaction with two models of biological membranes, related to eukaryotic or bacterial membrane respectively. In addition, …
An Experimental Toolbox for Structure‐Based Hit Discovery for P. aeruginosa FabF, a Promising Target for Antibiotics
2021
Abstract FabF (3‐oxoacyl‐[acyl‐carrier‐protein] synthase 2), which catalyses the rate limiting condensation reaction in the fatty acid synthesis II pathway, is an attractive target for new antibiotics. Here, we focus on FabF from P. aeruginosa (PaFabF) as antibiotics against this pathogen are urgently needed. To facilitate exploration of this target we have set up an experimental toolbox consisting of binding assays using bio‐layer interferometry (BLI) as well as saturation transfer difference (STD) and WaterLOGSY NMR in addition to robust conditions for structure determination. The suitability of the toolbox to support structure‐based design of FabF inhibitors was demonstrated through the …
Signaling pathways of the TREM-1- and TLR4-mediated neutrophil oxidative burst.
2008
The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is involved in the innate inflammatory response to microbial infections. Activation and expression of TREM-1 by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) occurs in concert with Toll-like receptors (TLR) such as TLR4 for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. However, it is currently unclear how this is mediated on a molecular level. Using pharmacological inhibitors and Western blot analysis we demonstrate that phosphatidyl inositide 3-kinase, phospholipase C and the mitogen-activated kinase p38MAPK are essential for the TREM-1- and TLR4-induced oxidative burst of human PMN. The activation of protein kinase B and extracellular signal-related kin…
Detection of Hypoxanthine from Inosine and Unusual Hydrolysis of Immunosuppressive Drug Azathioprine through the Formation of a Diruthenium(III) Syst…
2021
Hypoxanthine (hpx) is an important molecule for both biochemistry research and biomedical applications. It is involved in several biological processes associated to energy and purine metabolism and has been proposed as a biomarker for a variety of disease states. Consequently, the discovery and development of systems suitable for the detection of hypoxanthine is pretty appealing in this research field. Thus, we have obtained a stable diruthenium (III) compound in its dehydrated and hydrated forms with formula [{Ru(µ
A new species of Pythium with ornamented oogonia: morphology, taxonomy, internal transcribed spacer region of its ribosomal RNA, and its comparison w…
2006
Pythium spiculum sp. nov. was isolated from soil samples taken in a vineyard in the Burgundian region of France and from different locations in Spain and Portugal. The oomycete has spiny oogonia and does not sporulate readily. It resembles Pythium mamillatum Meurs, but has its own distinguishing characteristics. It also exhibits sickle-shaped as well as spherical appressoria which at times are associated with sex organs like those found in Pythium abappressorium Paulitz and Pythium contiguanum Paul. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of its nuclear ribosomal DNA and a close look at its morphological characters have now enabled us to describe it as a new species. The intern…
Phylogenetic relationships of the family Campulidae (Trematoda) based on 18S rRNA sequences
1998
Traditionally, the family Campulidae has been associated either with the family Fasciolidae, parasites of ruminants, or the Acanthocolpidae, parasites of fishes, based on morphological similarities. Since morphology does not seem to resolve clearly the problem of the relationships of campulids, we have used the sequences of the 18S rRNA gene of the campulids Zalophotrema hepaticum, Campula oblonga and Nasitrema globicephalae, the fasciolid Fasciola hepatica, the acanthocolpid Stephanostomum baccatum and the outgroup Schistosoma mansoni to infer a phylogeny. Maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining methods were applied. Both methods indicated that campulids are closer to acanthocolpids than f…