Search results for "ideal"

Normalities and Commutators

2010

We first compare several algebraic notions of normality, from a categorical viewpoint. Then we introduce an intrinsic description of Higgins' commutator for ideal-determined categories, and we define a new notion of normality in terms of this commutator. Our main result is to extend to any semi-abelian category the following well-known characterization of normal subgroups: a subobject K is normal in A if. and only if, {[A, K] <= K. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}

El pragmatismo de A. M. Schweigaard: un guante nórdico contra la filosofía idealista alemana

2021

A. M. Schweigaard intentó acercar el Derecho a la sociedad, liberándolo de las cadenas que le ataban a un universo conceptual sin referentes reales. Para ello procedió a la crítica de aquellos métodos que atrapaban al hecho jurídico dentro de un férreo sistema lógico, lanzando su guante en señal de reto contra las corrientes idealistas que marcaban el rumbo de la Filosofía alemana en la primera mitad del ochocientos. Su obra resultó clave para el singular rumbo pragmático, empirista y utilitarista que dirigiría ya el desarrollo futuro de la Ciencia jurídica noruega. A.M. Schweigaard featured the attempt of approaching the Law with the society by setting the legal framework free of the chain…

Gradings on the algebra of upper triangular matrices of size three

2013

Abstract Let UT 3 ( F ) be the algebra of 3 × 3 upper triangular matrices over a field F . On UT 3 ( F ) , up to isomorphism, there are at most five non-trivial elementary gradings and we study the graded polynomial identities for such gradings. In case F is of characteristic zero we give a complete description of the space of multilinear graded identities in the language of Young diagrams through the representation theory of a Young subgroup of S n . We finally compute the multiplicities in the graded cocharacter sequence for every elementary G -grading on UT 3 ( F ) .

Standard polynomials and matrices with superinvolutions

2016

Abstract Let M n ( F ) be the algebra of n × n matrices over a field F of characteristic zero. The superinvolutions ⁎ on M n ( F ) were classified by Racine in [12] . They are of two types, the transpose and the orthosymplectic superinvolution. This paper is devoted to the study of ⁎-polynomial identities satisfied by M n ( F ) . The goal is twofold. On one hand, we determine the minimal degree of a standard polynomial vanishing on suitable subsets of symmetric or skew-symmetric matrices for both types of superinvolutions. On the other, in case of M 2 ( F ) , we find generators of the ideal of ⁎-identities and we compute the corresponding sequences of cocharacters and codimensions.

The absorption of light energy in flat fluidized photoreactors

1990

Abstract A flat fluidized bed with transparent walls is an ideal reactor for gas-solid photocatalytic or photoassisted reactions. This paper presents the relati

2021

This study analyzes the emotional and aesthetic labor of Finnish military officers. It examines the kinds of valuations officers attach to the notion of an ideal soldier. The meanings that officers give to these ideals are explored within the wider framework of post-Fordist new work. The ideal soldier is traditionally considered to be physically capable and strong, rational, and in control—features culturally coded as masculine. An analysis of 108 military officers’ writings and 12 interviews showed that while the traditional masculine ideal still exists, a vast variety of valuations are related to new work. The notion of the new ideal worker includes attributes, such as empathy, emotional …

Psychosocial Safety Climate and PSC Ideal; Direct and Interaction Effects on JD-R for Mental Health, Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement (Iran)

2019

In this chapter the PSC model is investigated from composition and dispersion perspectives. PSC refers to the shared perception of managerial activities to support employees’ psychological health and safety. Theoretically, PSC extends the Job Demand-Resources (JD-R) theory. Consistent with composition and dispersion theories, both PSC compositions (average levels) and PSC dispersion (standard deviation (SD)) are investigated. PSC Ideal \( \left( {\frac{PSC\;Level}{PSC\, SD}} \right) \) is a new concept being introduced for the first time here, and includes both mean and dispersion roles. We expected that PSC at the team level determined job design (JD-Rs; psychological and emotional demands…

Percentile Study of chi Distribution. Application to Response Time Data.

2020

As a continuation of our previous work, where a Maxwell&ndash

Molekülgrößenbestimmungen an makromolekularen Stoffen (Kritik und Vergleich der Methoden)

1952

A survey is given of the most important methods for determination of molecular weight (osmotic pressure, ultracentrifuge and diffusion, light scattering, viscosity). All the methods require an extrapolation to zero concentration in order to use equations valid for ideal solutions. Furthermore the polymolecularity of the examined substance must be considered, since each method yields a characteristic average of molecular weight differing from the others. The present limits of the methods are given and their results compared.

Theodor Celms and the “Realism–Idealism” Controversy

2020

It was in his research manuscripts from 1905, also known as the Seefelder Blatter, where Edmund Husserl for the first time introduced the idea of the phenomenological reduction. The introduction of this idea, which he developed and refined years to come, marked the beginning not only of an important turn in Husserl’s philosophy toward transcendental phenomenology, but also the advent of a growing frustration and critique even among Husserl’s own students. The discussion about the ontological status of reality is otherwise known as the realism–idealism controversy. One of the first critiques in a published form came from the Latvian philosopher and Husserl’s student in Freiburg, Theodor Celm…