Search results for "identification"

An extended version of the theory of planned behavour: Prediction of intentions to quit smoking using past behaviour as moderator

2010

It was hypothesised that: (i) intentions to quit smoking were predictable from group identity, self-identity, moral norms and past quit attempts, beyond the components of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and (ii) that past experiences with the behaviour (quit attempts) would increase the predictive utility of the extended TPB model on intentions. The data was collected among 357 daily smoking students (M = 24 years). The TPB components accounted for 12.3% of the variance in quitting intentions, while the extension variables added 16.5% to the explained variance in intentions beyond the impact of the TPB. Past behaviour had the strongest impact on intentions (α = 0.30), followed by mor…

Letter-case information and the identification of brand names.

2014

A central tenet of most current models of visual-word recognition is that lexical units are activated on the basis of case-invariant abstract letter representations. Here, we examined this assumption by using a unique type of words: brand names. The rationale of the experiments is that brand names are archetypically printed either in lowercase (e.g., adidas) or uppercase (e.g., IKEA). This allows us to present the brand names in their standard or non-standard case configuration (e.g., adidas, IKEA vs. ADIDAS, ikea, respectively). We conducted two experiments with a brand-decision task (‘is it a brand name?’): a single-presentation experiment and a masked priming experiment. Results in the s…

Design, development and validation of a system for automatic help to medical text understanding

2020

Abstract Objective The paper presents a web-based application, SIMPLE, that facilitates medical text comprehension by identifying the health-related terms of a medical text and providing the corresponding consumer terms and explanations. Background The comprehension of a medical text is often a difficult task for laypeople because it requires semantic abilities that can differ from a person to another, depending on his/her health-literacy level. Some systems have been developed for facilitating the comprehension of medical texts through text simplification, either syntactical or lexical. The ones dealing with lexical simplification usually replace the original text and do not provide additi…

Stereotype threat and lift effects on perceived ability and motor task performance of high school physical education students: the moderating role of…

2016

This study investigated the effects of stereotype threat and lift on perceived ability and motor task performance, and tested the moderating effects of stereotype endorsement and domain identification. One hundred and twenty French high school students were randomly assigned to control, stereotype threat, or stereotype lift conditions, in a 3 (condition) × 2 (sex) study design. The results revealed a stereotype lift effect on boys’ performance moderated by domain identification and a stereotype threat effect on girls’ perceived ability moderated by domain identification and stereotype endorsement. Perceived ability did not mediate the effects of stereotype threat and lift on performance. Th…

Development of a low-cost IoT system to detect and locate lightning strikes

2020

Lightnings are violent natural phenomena and can generate many expenditures, specially when they strike in urban areas. The identification of the concrete geographic area where they strike is of critical importance for emergency services in order to enhance their effectiveness by doing an intensive coverage of the affected area. To achieve this aim, this paper proposes a design, prototype and validation of a distributed network of Internet of Things (IoT) devices to enable detection and location of lightning strikes. The IoT devices are empowered with lightning detection capabilities and are synchronized with the other devices in the sensor network. All of them cooperate within a network th…

Deliberate use of metaphor and metonymy as mnemonic devices for identification in a non-linguistic modality

2020

“Nature needs you”: discursive constructions of legitimacy and identification in environmental charity appeals

2022

Abstract This study traces how discursive constructions of legitimacy and identification are enacted textually and visually with respect to environment-oriented causes, such as landscape or species restoration. Such conservation projects actually clash with human economic priorities typical of the Anthropocene. Drawing on models of social trust and assuming the discursive nature of legitimacy and identification, we explore how environmental charity organizations represent their conservation efforts, reproduce sustainability discourses and advocate self-regulatory practices. We use a sample of mission statements and donation appeals by six prominent environmental charities from the UK. Throu…

A new approach to the identification of cognitive conflicts in the repertory grid: A nomothetic study

1994

Abstract Two separate but related investigations are reported. In the first, a score was derived from a construct correlation matrix obtained by grid data processing. This score, the Correlation Test (CT) score, expresses the percentage of unbalanced triads in the construct correlation matrix and is considered to assess logical inconsistency. It is discussed as being qualitatively different from other scores derived from construct correlation matrices, such as cognitive complexity scores. It is suggested that the CT score refers to cognitive integration, whereas other scores usually refer to cognitive differentiation. The second investigation was an attempt to trace the clinical implication…

Discovering prominence and its role in language processing: an individual (differences) approach

2015

Abstract It has been suggested that, during real time language comprehension, the human language processing system attempts to identify the argument primarily responsible for the state of affairs (the “actor”) as quickly and unambiguously as possible. However, previous work on a prominence (e.g. animacy, definiteness, case marking) based heuristic for actor identification has suffered from underspecification of the relationship between different cue hierarchies. Qualitative work has yielded a partial ordering of many features (e.g. MacWhinney et al. 1984), but a precise quantification has remained elusive due to difficulties in exploring the full feature space in a particular language. Feat…

Idiomatic intonation and forensic phonetics: sociolinguistic and dialectal information from intonation in Spanish

2015

Las investigaciones de carácter geoprosódico realizadas sobre el español y sus variedades ponen en evidencia que la entonación puede reportar importantes beneficios a la fonética forense, ya que esta lleva asociada información de carácter dialectal y sociolingüístico de especial relevancia sobre el individuo –grupo sociocultural al que pertenece, origen geográfico, medio social en el que se inserta–, además de otros rasgos, cualidades o circunstancias como la edad, el sexo, o incluso su temperamento, carácter o estado de ánimo. Para ello se hace necesario no solo saber qué parámetros acústicos suprasegmentales son relevantes para la identificación del hablante, sino también analizar la vari…