Search results for "iho"
showing 10 items of 2277 documents
The heritability of depressive symptoms: multiple informants and multiple measures
2002
Background: Earlier research suggests large rater differences in heritability estimates of children's depressive symptoms in the context of significant age and sex-limitation effects. Methods: With data from an ongoing, population-based twin-family study, we estimated genetic and environmental influences on children's depression with models allowing for sex-specific effects. Our assessments of twins included self-reports and ratings made by their classmate peers, their parents and their teachers, allowing estimates of genetic and environmental effects with data from different informants. Model-fitting used maximum likelihood estimation of log-transformed data from a sample of 1,366 11- and …
Effects of 12-month home-based physiotherapy on duration of living at home and functional capacity among older persons with signs of frailty or with …
2018
Health concerns, such as frailty and osteoporotic fractures decrease functional capacity and increase use of health and social care services in the aging population. The ability to continue living at home is dependent on functional capacity, which can be enhanced by rehabilitation. We study the effects of a 12-month home-based physiotherapy program with 12-month follow-up on duration of living at home, functional capacity, and the use of social and health care services among older persons with signs of frailty, or with a recently operated hip fracture. This is a non-blinded, parallel group, randomized controlled trial performed in South Karelia Social and Health Care District, Finland (popu…
Weighted Least-Squares Likelihood Ratio Test for Branch Testing in Phylogenies Reconstructed from Distance Measures
2005
A variety of analytical methods is available for branch testing in distance-based phylogenies. However, these methods are rarely used, possibly because the estimation of some of their statistics, especially the covariances, is not always feasible. We show that these difficulties can be overcome if some simplifying assumptions are made, namely distance independence. The weighted least-squares likelihood ratio test (WLS-LRT) we propose is easy to perform, using only the distances and some of their associated variances. If no variances are known, the use of the Felsenstein F-test, also based on weighted least squares, is discussed. Using simulated data and a data set of 43 mammalian mitochondr…
Cherish your loved ones – the role of the feeling of care and security in advertising
2014
Advertising practice makes use of emotional cues and addresses consumers' rising desire for social connection. Research has investigated emotions within advertising, but mainly focused on negative or positive emotions. Traditional academic approaches to the analysis of persuasion according to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) tend to emphasize central processing and thus rational advertising cues. Moreover, the role of motivation within the ELM is underspecified. We introduce the Zurich Model of Social Motivation to the regulation of social distance and investigate the specific feeling of care and security. This feeling may serve as motivational component and emerge as persuasion instr…
The role of social trust in reward crowdfunding campaigns’ design and success
2021
AbstractTrust is critical for successful participation in online marketplaces. In crowdfunding, fundraisers seek to win the trust of potential supporters towards contributing to their projects despite risks of non-delivery or deviations from campaign promises. This study explores how cultural differences in social trust proclivities influence reward crowdfunding campaign design and success. Specifically, we analyze data about 700 campaigns from a relatively high social trust society (HTS) – Finland, and 700 campaigns from a relatively low social trust society (LTS) – Poland. We find that sharing campaign information via social media is positively associated with campaign success in both con…
Negative eWOM and perceived credibility : a potent mix in consumer relationships
2022
PurposeBased on the foundations of the schema theory, the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and customer experience literature, this research examines how the interplay between a consumer's previous shopping experience(s) and perceived credibility of negative online word-of-mouth (PCNWOM) leads to improved consumer–firm relationship quality (RQ).Design/methodology/approachThe authors utilised series of scenario-based experiments (N = 918) to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThe authors show that a focal customer's previous shopping experiences attenuate the perceived credibility of negative word-of-mouth on social media by other customers, which in turn weakens consumer–firm RQ. The au…
Blistering mechanisms of atomic-layer-deposited AlN and Al2O3 films
2017
Blistering of protective, structural, and functional coatings is a reliability risk pestering films ranging from elemental to ceramic ones. The driving force behind blistering comes from either excess hydrogen at the film-substrate interface or stress-driven buckling. Contrary to the stress-driven mechanism, the hydrogen-initiated one is poorly understood. Recently, it was shown that in the bulk Al-Al2O3 system, the blistering is preceded by the formation of nano-sized cavities on the substrate. The stress-and hydrogen-driven mechanisms in atomic-layer-deposited (ALD) films are explored here. We clarify issues in the hydrogen-related mechanism via high-resolution microscopy and show that at…
A Quasi-likelihood Markov model for the hardenability of steel
1992
To evaluate the hardenability of steel the Jominy test can be used. A steel bar of fixed dimensions is heated up to about 850 °C and then quenched from one end by water spray. Its hardness y is then measured at increasing distances d from this quenched end giving observations (d, y(d)), which form the Jominy curve. For each Jominy curve these observations can be fitted by descending curve μ = μ(d; η) with shape parameters η = (η 1,..., η p ) T which are assumed to vary along the alloying elements (C, Mn, Cr etc.).
Electrical measurements in µ-EDM
2008
The phenomena occurring between the electrodes in electric discharge machining when manufacturing features on the micro-metre scale (µ-EDM) is not fully understood. Poor quantitative knowledge of the sources of variability affecting this process hinders the identification of its natural tolerance limits. Moreover, improvements in measuring systems contribute to the acquisition of new information that often conflicts with existent theoretical models of this process. The prime objective of this paper is to advance the experimental knowledge of µ-EDM by providing a measurement framework for the electrical discharges. The effects of the electrodes metallic materials (Ag, Ni, Ti, W) on the elect…
Confidence Intervals for the Mean Based on Exponential Type Inequalities and Empirical Likelihood
2013
For independent observations, recently, it has been proposed to construct the confidence intervals for the mean using exponential type inequalities. Although this method requires much weaker assumptions than those required by the classical methods, the resulting intervals are usually too large. Still in special cases, one can find some advantage of using bounded and unbounded Bernstein inequalities. In this paper, we discuss the applicability of this approach for dependent data. Moreover, we propose to use the empirical likelihood method both in the case of independent and dependent observations for inference regarding the mean. The advantage of empirical likelihood is its Bartlett correcta…