Search results for "illness"
showing 10 items of 1529 documents
Mio Dio, puniscimi perché ho peccato! Rapporti illegittimi e senso di colpa negli anni dell'Impero
2017
The triad 'colonialism, guilt and consequent punishment, payable with mental or physical illness if not with death’, is frequently detectable in the literary texts that focus on the latest phase of Italian Colonialism. The interpretative approach proposed in this paper, is founded on two historical and social phenomena that characterized the second decade of the Fascist period, such as, the propaganda and the subsequent counter-propaganda, and the collaborationist relationship between Church and State that pivot, in literary imagination, in the metaphor of disease as a result of divine punishment for human sins. The examined novels – Tempo di uccidere di Ennio Flaiano (1947), Un mattino a I…
Early prediction of coma recovery after cardiac arrest with blinded pupillometry
2017
Objectives Prognostication studies on comatose cardiac arrest (CA) patients are limited by lack of blinding, potentially causing overestimation of outcome predictors and self-fulfilling prophecy. Using a blinded approach, we analysed the value of quantitative automated pupillometry to predict neurological recovery after CA. Methods We examined a prospective cohort of 103 comatose adult patients who were unconscious 48 hours after CA and underwent repeated measurements of quantitative pupillary light reflex (PLR) using the Neurolight-Algiscan® device. Clinical examination, electroencephalography (EEG), somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) were perfor…
Sex pheromones are not always attractive: changes induced by learning and illness in mice
2014
A male-specific major urinary protein named darcin is attractive to female mice, Mus musculus, stimulates a learned attraction to volatile components of a male's urinary odour and induces spatial learning. In this article we show that darcin also induces learned attraction for a previously neutral olfactory stimulus (the odorant isoamyl acetate), acquired by repeated presentation of both stimuli together. We hypothesize that this is a case of olfactory–vomeronasal associative learning, in which darcin acts as the unconditioned reinforcer. However, the presence of darcin is not always attractive to adult female mice. Urine from males parasitized by the nematode Aspiculuris tetraptera has no …
The advantage of errorless learning for the acquisition of new concepts' labels in alcoholics
2009
BackgroundPrevious findings revealed that the acquisition of new semantic concepts' labels was impaired in uncomplicated alcoholic patients. The use of errorless learning may therefore allow them to improve learning performance. However, the flexibility of the new knowledge and the memory processes involved in errorless learning remain unclear.MethodNew concepts' labels acquisition was examined in 15 alcoholic patients and 15 control participants in an errorless learning condition compared with 19 alcoholic patients and 19 control subjects in a trial-and-error learning condition. The flexibility of the new information was evaluated using different photographs from those used in the learning…
Chernobyl exposure as stressor during pregnancy and behaviour in adolescent offspring.
2007
Objective: Research in animals has shown that exposure to stressors during pregnancy is associated with offspring behavioural disorders. We aimed to study the effect of in utero exposure to the Chernobyl disaster in 1986, and maternal anxiety presumably associated with that exposure, on behaviour disorder observed at age 14. Method: Exposed (n = 232) and non-exposed Finnish twins (n = 572) were compared. A semi-structured interview was used to assess lifetime symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms. Results: Adolescents who were exposed from the second trimester in pregnancy o…
Consensus Document on Intermittent Claudication from the Central European Vascular Forum (C.E.V.F.)-3rd revision (2013) with the sharing of the Medit…
2014
This paper is the review of the Consensus Document on Intermittent Claudication of the Central European Vascular Forum (CEVF), published in 2008, and and shared with the North Africa and Middle East Chapter of International Union of Angiology and the Mediterranean League of Angiology and Vascular Surgery. The Document presents suggestions for general practitioners and vascular specialists for more precise and appropriate management of PAD, particularly of intermittent claudication, and underlines the investigations that should be required by GPs and what the GP should expect from the vascular specialist (angiologist, vascular surgeon). The idea of the Faculty is to produce a short document,…
“Open Dialogue behind locked doors” – exploring patients’, family members’, and professionals’ experiences with network meetings in a locked psychiat…
2018
This paper explores and describes the experiences of patients, family members, and professionals with the Open Dialogue approach to network meetings at a locked psychiatric hospital unit in Norway. Previous research on Open Dialogue has mostly focused on acute crises in community care contexts. In this article, we discuss the participants’ experiences with Open Dialogue in a new context; that is in an inpatient locked unit. The inpatients are suffering from severe mental illness and might have been admitted to the unit against their will. The study has a qualitative design. Data were collected through a focus group interview with professionals and from written evaluations by patients and th…
Engraved in the Body: Ways of Reading Finnish People’s Memories of Mental Hospitals
2021
AbstractFinnish psychiatric practice has been heavily based on institutionalization. Mental hospitals have thus been part of Finns’ lives in many ways. Our multidisciplinary research group has investigated how experiences in these institutions are remembered today by analysing writings by patients, relatives, personnel and their children, collected in 2014–2015 with the Finnish Literature Society. The memories cover phases of psychiatric care from the 1930s to the mid-2010s. This article presents multiple ways in which experiences that are often difficult verbalize can be interpreted, e.g. by drawing on perspectives from creative, artistic and cultural studies. Collecting and archiving the …
IS PUTTING USERS FIRST AN ORGANISATIONAL KEY TO SUCCESS IN CROSS-PROFESSIONAL COOPERATION? An interview study about cooperation between service units…
2019
Cooperation among professionals in health, social and educational sectors is much needed to let the patient/client/pupil experience an entirety of services provided. However, cooperation is not easy in general. It seems even more challenging when it comes to service provisions to people affected by dual diagnoses. Our research question is influenced by this challenge and reads: What promotes cross-units’ cooperation between professionals involved in service provisions for people affected by both intellectual disability and mental illness? The knowledge is constructed by means of interviewing municipality-employed professionals (N = 21) about their experiences with successful cases. The stud…
A conceptual framework for the neurobiological study of resilience.
2014
AbstractThe well-replicated observation that many people maintain mental health despite exposure to severe psychological or physical adversity has ignited interest in the mechanisms that protect against stress-related mental illness. Focusing on resilience rather than pathophysiology in many ways represents a paradigm shift in clinical-psychological and psychiatric research that has great potential for the development of new prevention and treatment strategies. More recently, research into resilience also arrived in the neurobiological community, posing nontrivial questions about ecological validity and translatability. Drawing on concepts and findings from transdiagnostic psychiatry, emoti…