Search results for "image processing"

showing 10 items of 3285 documents

Centering and Compound Conditionals under Coherence

2016

There is wide support in logic , philosophy , and psychology for the hypothesis that the probability of the indicative conditional of natural language, \(P(\textit{if } A \textit{ then } B)\), is the conditional probability of B given A, P(B|A). We identify a conditional which is such that \(P(\textit{if } A \textit{ then } B)= P(B|A)\) with de Finetti’s conditional event, B|A. An objection to making this identification in the past was that it appeared unclear how to form compounds and iterations of conditional events. In this paper, we illustrate how to overcome this objection with a probabilistic analysis, based on coherence, of these compounds and iterations. We interpret the compounds a…

Discrete mathematicsIndicative conditionalcenteringSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica Matematica05 social sciencesClassical logicConditional probabilityInference02 engineering and technologyCoherence (philosophical gambling strategy)p-entailmentn-conditional event050105 experimental psychologycoherenceLogical biconditionalp-validity0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringbiconditional event020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesProbabilistic analysis of algorithmsArithmeticMathematicsEvent (probability theory)Conditional
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Tensor product multiresolution analysis with error control for compact image representation

2002

A class of multiresolution representations based on nonlinear prediction is studied in the multivariate context based on tensor product strategies. In contrast to standard linear wavelet transforms, these representations cannot be thought of as a change of basis, and the error induced by thresholding or quantizing the coefficients requires a different analysis. We propose specific error control algorithms which ensure a prescribed accuracy in various norms when performing such operations on the coefficients. These algorithms are compared with standard thresholding, for synthetic and real images.

Discrete mathematicsMultiresolution analysisMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISWavelet transformImage processingReal imageThresholdingTensor productControl and Systems EngineeringSignal ProcessingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringChange of basisAlgorithmSoftwareMathematicsImage compressionSignal Processing
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Language Recognition Power and Succinctness of Affine Automata

2016

In this work we study a non-linear generalization based on affine transformations of probabilistic and quantum automata proposed recently by Diaz-Caro and Yakaryilmaz [6] referred as affine automata. First, we present efficient simulations of probabilistic and quantum automata by means of affine automata which allows us to characterize the class of exclusive stochastic languages. Then, we initiate a study on the succintness of affine automata. In particular, we show that an infinite family of unary regular languages can be recognized by 2-state affine automata, whereas the number of states of any quantum and probabilistic automata cannot be bounded. Finally, we present the characterization …

Discrete mathematicsNested word0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyω-automatonNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases01 natural sciencesMobile automaton010201 computation theory & mathematicsContinuous spatial automaton0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringAutomata theoryQuantum finite automata020201 artificial intelligence & image processingAffine transformationComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMathematicsQuantum cellular automaton
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On the Class of Languages Recognizable by 1-Way Quantum Finite Automata

2007

It is an open problem to characterize the class of languages recognized by quantum finite automata (QFA). We examine some necessary and some sufficient conditions for a (regular) language to be recognizable by a QFA. For a subclass of regular languages we get a condition which is necessary and sufficient. Also, we prove that the class of languages recognizable by a QFA is not closed under union or any other binary Boolean operation where both arguments are significant.

Discrete mathematicsNested wordComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyComputer Science::Computational Complexityω-automaton01 natural sciencesDeterministic pushdown automatonDeterministic finite automatonRegular language010201 computation theory & mathematicsProbabilistic automaton0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer Science::Programming LanguagesQuantum finite automata020201 artificial intelligence & image processingNondeterministic finite automatonComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMathematics
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General aggregation operators based on a fuzzy equivalence relation in the context of approximate systems

2016

Our paper deals with special constructions of general aggregation operators, which are based on a fuzzy equivalence relation and provide upper and lower approximations of the pointwise extension of an ordinary aggregation operator. We consider properties of these approximations and explore their role in the context of extensional fuzzy sets with respect to the corresponding equivalence relation. We consider also upper and lower approximations of a t-norm extension of an ordinary aggregation operator. Finally, we describe an approximate system, considering the lattice of all general aggregation operators and the lattice of all fuzzy equivalence relations.

Discrete mathematicsPointwiseLogic05 social sciencesFuzzy set050301 educationContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyExtension (predicate logic)Lattice (discrete subgroup)Operator (computer programming)Artificial Intelligence0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEquivalence relationApplied mathematics020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0503 educationOrdered weighted averaging aggregation operatorMathematicsFuzzy Sets and Systems
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Error-Free Affine, Unitary, and Probabilistic OBDDs

2018

We introduce the affine OBDD model and show that zero-error affine OBDDs can be exponentially narrower than bounded-error unitary and probabilistic OBDDs on certain problems. Moreover, we show that Las Vegas unitary and probabilistic OBDDs can be quadratically narrower than deterministic OBDDs. We also obtain the same results for the automata versions of these models.

Discrete mathematicsQuadratic growthLas vegas010102 general mathematicsProbabilistic logic02 engineering and technologyComputer Science::Computational ComplexityComputer Science::Artificial Intelligence01 natural sciencesUnitary stateAutomatonSuccinctnessComputer Science::Logic in Computer Science0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingAffine transformation0101 mathematicsComputer Science::DatabasesZero errorMathematics
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Burrows-Wheeler transform and Run-Length Enconding

2017

In this paper we study the clustering effect of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) from a combinatorial viewpoint. In particular, given a word w we define the BWT-clustering ratio of w as the ratio between the number of clusters produced by BWT and the number of the clusters of w. The number of clusters of a word is measured by its Run-Length Encoding. We show that the BWT-clustering ratio ranges in ]0, 2]. Moreover, given a rational number \(r\,\in \,]0,2]\), it is possible to find infinitely many words having BWT-clustering ratio equal to r. Finally, we show how the words can be classified according to their BWT-clustering ratio. The behavior of such a parameter is studied for very well-…

Discrete mathematicsRational numberBurrows–Wheeler transformComputer scienceComputer Science (all)0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyBurrows-Wheeler transform01 natural sciencesBurrows-Wheeler transform; Clustering effect; Run-length encoding; Theoretical Computer Science; Computer Science (all)Theoretical Computer ScienceClustering effect010201 computation theory & mathematicsRun-length encoding0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingCluster analysisWord (computer architecture)Run-length encoding
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Probability Propagation in Selected Aristotelian Syllogisms

2019

This paper continues our work on a coherence-based probability semantics for Aristotelian syllogisms (Gilio, Pfeifer, and Sanfilippo, 2016; Pfeifer and Sanfilippo, 2018) by studying Figure III under coherence. We interpret the syllogistic sentence types by suitable conditional probability assessments. Since the probabilistic inference of $P|S$ from the premise set ${P|M, S|M}$ is not informative, we add $p(M|(S ee M))>0$ as a probabilistic constraint (i.e., an ``existential import assumption'') to obtain probabilistic informativeness. We show how to propagate the assigned premise probabilities to the conclusion. Thereby, we give a probabilistic meaning to all syllogisms of Figure~III. We…

Discrete mathematicsSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica Matematica05 social sciencesProbabilistic logicSyllogismConditional probability02 engineering and technologyCoherence (statistics)Settore MAT/01 - Logica MatematicaImprecise probabilityAristotelian syllogismFigure III050105 experimental psychologyConstraint (information theory)Premise0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringImprecise probability020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesConditional eventDefault reasoningCoherenceSentenceMathematics
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Conjunction and Disjunction Among Conditional Events

2017

We generalize, in the setting of coherence, the notions of conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events to the case of n conditional events. Given a prevision assessment on the conjunction of two conditional events, we study the set of coherent extensions for the probabilities of the two conditional events. Then, we introduce by a progressive procedure the notions of conjunction and disjunction for n conditional events. Moreover, by defining the negation of conjunction and of disjunction, we show that De Morgan’s Laws still hold. We also show that the associative and commutative properties are satisfied. Finally, we examine in detail the conjunction for a family \(\mathcal F\) of t…

Discrete mathematicsSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaComputer scienceConditional events · Conditional random quantities · Con- junction · Disjunction · Negation · Quasi conjunction · Coherent previ- sion assessments · Coherent extensions · De Morgan’s Laws02 engineering and technologyCoherence (philosophical gambling strategy)Settore MAT/01 - Logica Matematica01 natural sciencesDe Morgan's lawsConjunction (grammar)Set (abstract data type)010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakeNegation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsymbols020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0101 mathematicsAlgorithmCommutative propertyAssociative propertyEvent (probability theory)
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Compound conditionals, Fr\'echet-Hoeffding bounds, and Frank t-norms

2021

Abstract In this paper we consider compound conditionals, Frechet-Hoeffding bounds and the probabilistic interpretation of Frank t-norms. By studying the solvability of suitable linear systems, we show under logical independence the sharpness of the Frechet-Hoeffding bounds for the prevision of conjunctions and disjunctions of n conditional events. In addition, we illustrate some details in the case of three conditional events. We study the set of all coherent prevision assessments on a family containing n conditional events and their conjunction, by verifying that it is convex. We discuss the case where the prevision of conjunctions is assessed by Lukasiewicz t-norms and we give explicit s…

Discrete mathematicsSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaLogical independenceFrank t-normsApplied MathematicsLinear systemProbabilistic logicRegular polygon02 engineering and technologyConjunction and disjunctionConditional previsionTheoretical Computer ScienceConvexityFréchet-Hoeffding boundArtificial Intelligence020204 information systems0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingPairwise comparisonCoherenceSoftwareMathematics - ProbabilityCounterexampleMathematicsCorresponding conditional
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