Search results for "image processing"

showing 10 items of 3285 documents

Cryo-negative staining

1998

Abstract A procedure is presented for the preparation of thin layers of vitrified biological suspensions in the presence of ammonium molybdate, which we termcryo-negative staining. The direct blotting of sample plus stain solution on holey carbon supports produces thin aqueous films across the holes, which are routinely thiner than the aqueous film produced by conventional negative staining on a continuous carbon layer. Because of this, a higher than usual concentration of negative stain (ca. 16% rather than 2%) is required for cryo-negative staining in order to produce an optimal image contrast. The maintenance of the hydrated state, the absence of adsorption to a carbon film and associate…

Proteasome Endopeptidase ComplexAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyNegative Staininglaw.inventionMultienzyme ComplexesStructural BiologylawImage Processing Computer-AssistedTobacco mosaic virusAnimalsGeneral Materials ScienceColoring AgentsMolybdenumAmmonium molybdateTurnip yellow mosaic virusbiologyChemistryChaperonin 60Cell BiologyCatalasebiology.organism_classificationNegative stainStainingCysteine EndopeptidasesMicroscopy ElectronCrystallographyFreeze DryingElectron diffractionHemocyaninsVirusesCattleElectron microscopeTomato bushy stunt virusMicron
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Red blood with blue-blood ancestry: Intriguing structure of a snail hemoglobin

2006

The phylogenetic enigma of snail hemoglobin, its isolated occurrence in a single gastropod family, the Planorbidae, and the lack of sequence data, stimulated the present study. We present here the complete cDNA and predicted amino acid sequence of two hemoglobin polypeptides from the planorbid Biomphalaria glabrata (intermediate host snail for the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni ). Both isoforms contain 13 different, cysteine-free globin domains, plus a small N-terminal nonglobin “plug” domain with three cysteines for subunit dimerization (total M r ≈ 238 kDa). We also identified the native hemoglobin molecule and present here a preliminary 3D reconstruction from electron microscopical …

Protein subunitmedicine.medical_treatmentMolecular Sequence DataBiologyEvolution MolecularHemoglobinschemistry.chemical_compoundImaging Three-DimensionalHemolymphHemolymphImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsProtein IsoformsBiomphalaria glabrataAmino Acid SequenceGlobinPhylogenyMultidisciplinaryBiomphalariaSequence Homology Amino AcidHemocyaninBiological Sciencesbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyProtein Structure TertiaryRespiratory proteinMyoglobinchemistryHemoglobinProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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RPPanalyzer Toolbox: An improved R package for analysis of reverse phase protein array data

2014

Analysis of large-scale proteomic data sets requires specialized software tools, tailored toward the requirements of individual approaches. Here we introduce an extension of an open-source software solution for analyzing reverse phase protein array (RPPA) data. The R package RPPanalyzer was designed for data preprocessing followed by basic statistical analyses and proteomic data visualization. In this update, we merged relevant data preprocessing steps into a single user-friendly function and included a new method for background noise correction as well as new methods for noise estimation and averaging of replicates to transform data in such a way that they can be used as input for a new t…

Proteomics0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryComputer scienceProtein Array AnalysisReverse phase protein lysate microarrayFunction (mathematics)computer.software_genreGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyToolboxBackground noise03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSoftwareData visualizationRobustness (computer science)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisImage Processing Computer-AssistedData miningData pre-processingbusinesscomputerSoftware030304 developmental biologyBiotechnologyBioTechniques
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Effect of collagen substrates on proteomic modulation of breast cancer cells

2004

We have previously described the occurrence, in breast and colon cancer extra-cellular matrix, of an oncofoetal form of collagen, OF/LB, able to induce an increase in cell proliferation and motility in the breast cancer cell line 8701-BC. It also caused an increased amount of type V collagen which appears to exert an anti-proliferative effect on the same cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate, at the proteomic level, the effect of OF/LB and type V collagens used as substrates for neoplastic cell growth. Due to the complexity of a whole proteomic profile, a subset of significant protein classes was used to assess variations in protein expression levels. For this study we adop…

ProteomicsGene isoformmedicine.medical_specialtyHot TemperatureProteomeMotilityBreast NeoplasmsBiologyMatrix (biology)ProteomicsBiochemistryproteomic breast cancer cells collagenBreast cancerSettore BIO/13 - Biologia ApplicataCell Line TumorInternal medicineHeat shock protein[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansElectrophoresis Gel Two-DimensionalMolecular BiologyHeat-Shock ProteinsProteomic ProfileProteinsmedicine.diseaseCell biologyEndocrinologySpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationMultivariate AnalysisNeoplastic cellCollagenCell DivisionPROTEOMICS
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Quantum Security Proofs Using Semi-classical Oracles

2019

We present an improved version of the one-way to hiding (O2H) Theorem by Unruh, J ACM 2015. Our new O2H Theorem gives higher flexibility (arbitrary joint distributions of oracles and inputs, multiple reprogrammed points) as well as tighter bounds (removing square-root factors, taking parallelism into account). The improved O2H Theorem makes use of a new variant of quantum oracles, semi-classical oracles, where queries are partially measured. The new O2H Theorem allows us to get better security bounds in several public-key encryption schemes.

Provable securityFlexibility (engineering)Post-quantum cryptographyTheoretical computer scienceComputer sciencebusiness.industry0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyMathematical proofEncryption01 natural sciencesPublic-key cryptographyUnruh effect010201 computation theory & mathematics0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringParallelism (grammar)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingbusiness
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A Constructive Arboricity Approximation Scheme

2020

The arboricity \(\varGamma \) of a graph is the minimum number of forests its edge set can be partitioned into. Previous approximation schemes were nonconstructive, i.e., they approximate the arboricity as a value without computing a corresponding forest partition. This is because they operate on pseudoforest partitions or the dual problem of finding dense subgraphs.

PseudoforestArboricityApproximation algorithm0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesConstructiveCombinatoricsSet (abstract data type)Computer Science::Discrete Mathematics010201 computation theory & mathematics0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGraph (abstract data type)Partition (number theory)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingMatroid partitioningComputer Science::Data Structures and AlgorithmsGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Computer Science::Distributed Parallel and Cluster ComputingMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSMathematics
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Conceptualizing and Measuring the Quality of Democracy: The Citizens' Perspective

2018

In recent years, several measurements of the quality of democracy have been developed (e.g. Democracy Barometer, Varieties of Democracy Project). These objective measurements focus on institutional and procedural characteristics of democracy. This article starts from the premise that in order to fully understand the quality of democracy such objective measurements have to be complemented by subjective measurements based on the perspective of citizens. The aim of the article is to conceptualize and measure the subjective quality of democracy. First, a conceptualization of the subjective quality of democracy is developed consisting of citizens’ support for three normative models of democracy …

Public AdministrationSociology and Political Sciencedemocracypolitical attitudepolitische Einstellungsubjective quality of democracyquality of democracy02 engineering and technologyPublic opinionmeasuring democracyconception of democracy050602 political science & public administration0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringWorld Values Surveylcsh:JA1-92Political sciencemedia_commonQualitätConceptualization05 social sciencesLiberal democracyDemocracy0506 political sciencesocial science conceptsquality020201 artificial intelligence & image processingDemokratieDemokratieverständnisAllgemeines spezielle Theorien und Schulen Methoden Entwicklung und Geschichte der Politikwissenschaftmedia_common.quotation_subjectPolitikwissenschaftpolitical culturelcsh:Political science (General)Political scienceMessungQuality (business)politische KulturPositive economicsbusiness.industryDirect democracymodels of democracyvarieties of democracyddc:320öffentliche Meinungpublic opinionNormativeBasic Research General Concepts and History of Political Sciencemeasurementmodels of democracy; social science concepts; subjective quality of democracy; varieties of democracybusinessIndraStra Global
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Three-dimensional helical CT of the tracheobronchial tree: evaluation of imaging protocols and assessment of suspected stenoses with bronchoscopic co…

1996

To assess the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) helical CT of normal airways, we evaluated different imaging protocols in test objects and patients. The clinical value of 3D helical CT was composed with bronchoscopy in patients with suspected stenoses, especially before and after endobronchial procedures.Solid test objects--one of central airways and one of peripheral airways--were scanned and assessed for volume defects and stairstep artifacts. Fifty helical studies were performed in 36 patients. We evaluated these images for visualization of segmental bronchi; frequency of artifacts; and presence, localization, and degree of stenoses. Bronchoscopic correlation was available for 40 CT exa…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresBronchiConstriction PathologicBronchoscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientProspective StudiesAgedAged 80 and overBronchographymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineBronchographyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHelical ctEndoscopyTracheaStenosisClinical valueFemaleTomographyRadiologyNuclear medicinebusinessArtifactsTomography X-Ray ComputedTracheal StenosisAJR. American journal of roentgenology
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Analysis of atelectasis, ventilated, and hyperinflated lung during mechanical ventilation by dynamic CT.

2005

Study objective: To study the dynamics of lung compartments by dynamic CT (dCT) imaging during uninterrupted pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and different positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings in healthy and damaged lungs. Design: Experimental animal investigation. Setting: Experimental animal facility of a university department. Interventions: In seven anesthetized pigs, static inspiratory pressure volume curves were obtained to identify the individual lower inflection point (LIP) before and after saline solution lung lavage. During PCV, PEEP was adjusted 5 millibars (mbar) below the individually determined LIP (LIP - 5), at the LIP, and 5 mbar above the LIP (LIP + 5). Mea…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineArtificial ventilationARDSPulmonary AtelectasisSwinemedicine.medical_treatmentAtelectasisCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePositive-Pressure RespirationmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedTidal VolumeAnimalsTherapeutic IrrigationLungPositive end-expiratory pressureMechanical ventilationRespiratory Distress SyndromeLungbusiness.industryPulmonary Gas ExchangeHemodynamicsrespiratory systemCarbon Dioxidemedicine.diseaseRespiration Artificialrespiratory tract diseasesOxygenPulmonary Alveolimedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaBreathingPulmonary shuntmedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedChest
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Assessment of lung microstructure with magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized Helium-3

2005

Magnetic resonance imaging of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of hyperpolarized Helium-3 is a new technique for probing pulmonary microstructure in vivo. The aim of this study was the assessment of potential sources of systematic errors of the ADC measurement. The influence of macroscopic motion was determined by measurements at two different delays after initiating the breath-hold, and before and after cardiac arrest. An intercentre comparison was performed in two age- and lung function-matched groups of lung-healthy volunteers at two research sites. Moreover, measurements of diffusion anisotropy were performed. We found no dependency of the ADC as a function of the delay after st…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineTime FactorsSwinePhysiologyHyperpolarized Helium 3HeliumDiffusion AnisotropyNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsHumansEffective diffusion coefficientTissue DistributionDiffusion (business)LungLungmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedMicrostructureHeart ArrestDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureBreath TestsCase-Control StudiesAnisotropyDiffusion MRIRespiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
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