Search results for "image quality"

showing 10 items of 136 documents

Two simple criteria to estimate an objective's performance when imaging in non design tissue clearing solutions

2019

Tissue clearing techniques are undergoing a renaissance motivated by the need to image fluorescent neurons, and other cells, deep in the sample without physical sectioning. Optical transparency is achieved by equilibrating tissues with high refractive index (RI) solutions. When the microscope objective is not perfectly matched to the RI of the cleared sample, aberrations are introduced. We present two simple-to-calculate numerical criteria predicting: (i) the degradation in image quality (brightness and resolution) from optimal conditions of any clearing solution/objective combination; (ii) which objective, among several available, achieves the highest resolution in a given medium. We deriv…

0301 basic medicineBrightnessMicroscopeDeconvolution; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Neuron; Serial optical sectioning; Spherical aberration; Tissue clearingComputer scienceImage qualitySample (material)DeconvolutionFluorescencelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)lawSerial optical sectioningMicroscopyFluorescence microscopeMicroscopistSpherical aberrationColoring AgentsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNeuronsMicroscopyTissue clearingGeneral NeuroscienceMicroscopy Tissue clearing Fluorescence Neuron Spherical aberration Serial optical sectioning DeconvolutionNeuronFluorescenceRefractometrySpherical aberration030104 developmental biologyMicroscopy FluorescenceDeconvolutionAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTissue clearing
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Prospective Image Quality and Lesion Assessment in the Setting of MR-Guided Radiation Therapy of Prostate Cancer on an MR-Linac at 1.5 T: A Compariso…

2021

The objective of this study is to conduct a qualitative and a quantitative image quality and lesion evaluation in patients undergoing MR-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) for prostate cancer on a hybrid magnetic resonance imaging and linear accelerator system (MR-Linac or MRL) at 1.5 Tesla. This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board. A total of 13 consecutive patients with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer and an indication for MRgRT were included. Prior to radiation therapy, each patient underwent an MR-examination on an MRL and on a standard MRI scanner at 3 Tesla (MRI3T). Three readers (two radiologists and a radiation oncologist) conducted an independent qualita…

0301 basic medicineCancer ResearchIntraclass correlationImage qualityPIRADSFleiss' kappalcsh:RC254-282ArticleLesion03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineimage qualityMedicineEffective diffusion coefficientimage guidanceRadiation oncologistMR-Linacmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imaginglcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogenslesion detection030104 developmental biologyadaptive radiotherapyOncologyprostate carcinoma030220 oncology & carcinogenesismpMRImedicine.symptombusinessNuclear medicineKappaCancers
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Quality enhancement of multispectral images for skin cancer optical diagnostics

2018

Melanoma is the least common but deadliest skin cancer, accounting for only about 1% of all cases, but is the cause of the vast majority of skin cancer death. In some parts of the world, especially among western countries, melanoma is becoming more common every year. The detection of melanoma in early stage can be helpful to cure it. Unfortunately, long ques and high prices for dermatology service can result in the skin cancer diagnosis at its later stage, thus increasing the risk of mortality for the patient. It is important to provide a non-invasive optical device for primary care physicians to help diagnose different skin malformation based on obtained optical images. Such device will be…

0301 basic medicineImage qualityComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectMultispectral imagemedicine.disease01 natural sciencesField (computer science)Quality enhancement010309 opticsImage stabilization03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0103 physical sciencesmedicineComputer visionQuality (business)Artificial intelligenceSkin cancerImage sensorbusinessmedia_commonOptics, Photonics, and Digital Technologies for Imaging Applications V
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4D (x-y-z-t) imaging of thick biological samples by means of Two-Photon inverted Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (2PE-iSPIM)

2015

AbstractIn the last decade light sheet fluorescence microscopy techniques, such as selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), has become a well established method for developmental biology. However, conventional SPIM architectures hardly permit imaging of certain tissues since the common sample mounting procedure, based on gel embedding, could interfere with the sample morphology. In this work we propose an inverted selective plane microscopy system (iSPIM), based on non-linear excitation, suitable for 3D tissue imaging. First, the iSPIM architecture provides flexibility on the sample mounting, getting rid of the gel-based mounting typical of conventional SPIM, permitting 3D imaging of…

0301 basic medicineMultidisciplinaryMaterials sciencePhotonImage qualitybusiness.industryScatteringBright-field microscopy01 natural sciencesArticle010309 optics03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOpticsTwo-photon excitation microscopyLight sheet fluorescence microscopy0103 physical sciencesMicroscopybusinessSelective Plane Illumination MicroscopyExcitation
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Dual-mode holographic microscopy imaging platform

2018

We report on a novel layout capable of dual-mode imaging in real time with different magnifications and resolution capabilities in lensless microscopy. The concept is based on wavelength multiplexing for providing two illuminations with different wavefront curvatures: one is collimated, allowing a large field of view (FOV) with a poor resolution limit, and the other is divergent, to achieve a better resolution limit (micron range) over a small FOV. Moreover, our recently reported concept of MISHELF microscopy [M. Sanz, J. Á. Picazo-Bueno, L. Granero, J. García and V. Micó, Sci. Rep., 2017, 7, 43291] is applied to the divergent illumination case, improving the image quality by noise averagin…

0301 basic medicineWavefrontPhysicsMicroscopeImage qualitybusiness.industryResolution (electron density)Biomedical EngineeringHolographyBioengineeringGeneral Chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMultiplexingCollimated lightlaw.invention010309 optics03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesMicroscopybusinessLab on a Chip
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Objective Amplitude of Accommodation Computed from Optical Quality Metrics Applied to Wavefront Outcomes

2009

Purpose: We studied the accuracy and precision of 32 objective wavefront methods for finding the amplitude of accommodation obtained in 180 eyes. Methods: Ocular accommodation was stimulated with 0.5 D steps in target vergence spanning the full range of accommodation for each subject. Subjective monocular amplitude of accommodation was measured using two clinical methods, using negative lenses and with a custom Badal optometer. Results: Both subjective methods gave similar results. Results obtained from the Badal optometer where used to test the accuracy of the objective methods. All objective methods showed lower amplitude of accommodation that the subjective ones by an amount that varied …

Accuracy and precisionamplitude of accommodationgenetic structuresComputer scienceAcousticssubjective methods050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesimage quality metricsobjective methods0302 clinical medicinelcsh:Ophthalmologymedicineamplitud de acomodaciónlcsh:QC350-4670501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmétodos subjetivosSimulationWavefrontmétricas de calidad de imagenmétodos objetivos05 social sciencespresbiciaPresbyopiamedicine.diseaseOptical qualityAmplitude of accommodationlcsh:RE1-994030221 ophthalmology & optometrypresbyopiaOriginal Articlelcsh:Optics. LightOptometryJournal of Optometry
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High-definition imaging in endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.

2011

Background The transsphenoidal approach to sellar lesions has evolved enormously since its first description in the early 20th century. Endoscopic surgical strategies have become an integral part of the surgical armamentarium. More recently, high-definition (HD) digital cameras with better image resolution were introduced, although their value for the surgical procedure remains equivocal. The purpose of this study was to compare the image quality of a standard-definition (SD) camera with a new HD camera. Methods A transsphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy was recorded simultaneously in HD and SD resolution. Eight experienced neurosurgeons were asked to identify predefined as well as not predef…

Adenomamedicine.medical_specialtyQuality Assurance Health CareImage qualitymedicine.medical_treatmentVideo-Assisted SurgeryVideo qualityStatistical significanceSphenoid BonemedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansPituitary NeoplasmsHypophysectomymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)EndoscopySignal Processing Computer-AssistedGeneral MedicineMicrosurgeryImage EnhancementEndoscopyOtorhinolaryngologyEquipment and SuppliesVisual PerceptionRadiologyPituitary surgerybusinessQuality assuranceAmerican journal of rhinologyallergy
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion imaging using saturation-prepared TrueFISP.

2002

Purpose To develop and test a saturation-recovery TrueFISP (SR-TrueFISP) pulse sequence for first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging. Materials and Methods First-pass magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Gd-DTPA (2 mL) kinetics in the heart was performed using an SR-TrueFISP pulse sequence (TR/TE/α = 2.6 msec/1.4 msec/55°) with saturation preparation TD = 30 msec before the TrueFISP readout. Measurements were also performed with a conventional saturation-recovery TurboFLASH (SRTF) pulse sequence for comparison. Results SR-TrueFISP images were of excellent quality and demonstrated contrast agent wash-in more clearly than SRTF images. The signal increase in myocardium was higher in SR-TrueFISP …

AdultGadolinium DTPAMaterials scienceImage qualityContrast MediaImage processingStatistics NonparametricMyocardial perfusion imagingNuclear magnetic resonancePrecontrastCoronary CirculationmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingImage resolutionmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingMicrocirculationMagnetic resonance imagingPulse sequenceMagnetic Resonance ImagingNuclear medicinebusinessPerfusionJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
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The effect of aberrations on objectively assessed image quality and depth of focus

2017

The effects of aberrations on image quality and the objectively assessed depth of focus (DoF) were studied. Aberrometry data from 80 young subjects with a range of refractive errors was used for computing the visual Strehl ratio based on the optical transfer function (VSOTF), and then, through-focus simulations were performed in order to calculate the objective DoF (using two different relative thresholds of 50% and 80%; and two different pupil diameters) and the image quality (the peak VSOTF). Both lower order astigmatism and higher order aberration (HOA) terms up to the fifth radial order were considered. The results revealed that, of the HOAs, the comatic terms (third and fifth order) ex…

AdultMaleDepth of focusCorneal Wavefront AberrationAdolescentImage qualityPopulationVisual AcuityComa (optics)Astigmatism050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsOptical transfer functionAberrometrymedicineHumansComputer Simulation0501 psychology and cognitive scienceseducationVision OcularRetrospective StudiesMathematicsDepth Perceptioneducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryAberrometry05 social sciencesAstigmatismStrehl ratiomedicine.diseaseSensory SystemsOphthalmologyVisual Perception030221 ophthalmology & optometryFemalebusinessJournal of Vision
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Comparison of three accelerated pulse sequences for semiquantitative myocardial perfusion imaging using sensitivity encoding incorporating temporal f…

2007

Purpose To investigate the parallel acquisition technique sensitivity encoding incorporating temporal filtering (TSENSE) with three saturation-recovery (SR) prepared pulse sequences (SR turbo fast low-angle shot [SR-TurboFLASH], SR true fast imaging with steady precession [SR-TrueFISP], and SR-prepared segmented echo-planar-imaging [SR-segEPI]) for semiquantitative first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging. Materials and Methods In blood- and tissue-equivalent phantoms the relationship between signal intensity (SI) and contrast-medium concentration was evaluated for the three pulse sequences. In volunteers, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and normalized upslopes (N…

AdultMaleImage qualityContrast MediaImage processingSensitivity and SpecificityMyocardial perfusion imagingHeart RateImage Processing Computer-AssistedImage noiseHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingmedicine.diagnostic_testEcho-Planar ImagingPhantoms ImagingPulse (signal processing)business.industryMyocardiumReproducibility of ResultsLinearityMagnetic resonance imagingMagnetic Resonance ImagingPerfusionLinear rangeFemalebusinessNuclear medicineBiomedical engineeringJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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