Search results for "image"

showing 10 items of 6818 documents

An automatic method for metabolic evaluation of gamma knife treatments

2015

Lesion volume delineation of Positron Emission Tomography images is challenging because of the low spatial resolution and high noise level. Aim of this work is the development of an operator independent segmentation method of metabolic images. For this purpose, an algorithm for the biological tumor volume delineation based on random walks on graphs has been used. Twenty-four cerebral tumors are segmented to evaluate the functional follow-up after Gamma Knife radiotherapy treatment. Experimental results show that the segmentation algorithm is accurate and has real-time performance. In addition, it can reflect metabolic changes useful to evaluate radiotherapy response in treated patients.

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentComputer Science (all)PET imagingPattern recognitionLesion volumeRandom walkGamma knifeTheoretical Computer ScienceRadiation therapyBiological target volumeSegmentationBiological target volume Gamma Knife treatment PET imaging Random walk SegmentationPositron emission tomographymedicineSegmentationRadiotherapy treatmentGamma Knife treatmentArtificial intelligenceNoise levelbusinessImage resolution
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GPCALMA: An Italian mammographic database of digitized images for research

2006

In this work the implementation of a database of digitized mammograms is described. The digitized images were collected since 1999 by a community of physicists in collaboration with radiologists in several Italian hospitals, as a first step in order to develop and implement a Computer Aided Detection (CAD) system. 3369 mammograms were collected from 967 patients; they were classified according to the type and the morphology of the lesions, the type of the breast tissue and the type of pathologies. A dedicated Graphical User Interface was developed for mammography visualization and processing, in order to support the medical diagnosis directly on a high-resolution screen. The database has be…

medicine.diagnostic_testDatabasePoint (typography)business.industryComputer scienceInvasive Lobular Carcinoma Grid Technology Mammographic Image Digitize Mammogram Italian HospitalComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONCADcomputer.software_genreVisualizationGrid computingmedicineMedical imagingMammographyMedical diagnosisbusinesscomputerGraphical user interface
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SIFT Texture Description for Understanding Breast Ultrasound Images

2014

Texture is a powerful cue for describing structures that show a high degree of similarity in their image intensity patterns. This paper describes the use of Self-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), both as low-level and high-level descriptors, applied to differentiate the tissues present in breast US images. For the low-level texture descriptors case, SIFT descriptors are extracted from a regular grid. The high-level texture descriptor is build as a Bag-of-Features (BoF) of SIFT descriptors. Experimental results are provided showing the validity of the proposed approach for describing the tissues in breast US images.

medicine.diagnostic_testFeature transformbusiness.industryTexture DescriptorInformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVALComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-invariant feature transformPattern recognitionTexture (geology)ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONmedicineDegree of similarityComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessBreast ultrasoundMathematics
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Image Processors for Digital Angiography Algorithms and Architectures

1986

After a period of experimental and clinical development,(1–9) digital processing of angiographic X-ray video image sequences is now routinely applied in clinical and research work. The clinical advantages offered by this approach have been discussed in several reports.(10–12) The primary application is the improved visualization of regions of the heart and circulation opacified by X-ray contrast material during angiographic and angiocardiographic examinations. More complex techniques are being developed for improved functional analysis based on digitized angiograms. Technically, the digital techniques also potentially offer improved means of acquiring, storing, and handling images when comp…

medicine.diagnostic_testImage processorComputer sciencebusiness.industryVideo imageVector processorImage (mathematics)VisualizationAngiographymedicineImage acquisitionComputer visionArtificial intelligenceDigital angiographybusiness
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A Bottleneck Model of Imaging Systems for Digital Angiocardiography

1988

Some ten years ago, the performance of real-time digital subtraction angiocardiography was demonstrated for the first time [1]. Subtraction became in the years after 1980 nearly synonymous with digital angiography [2–4]. This image enhancement technique was certainly very efficient in paving the way for the digital approach to imaging. Relatively simple processors and memory structures could perform subtraction methods with some degree of success. However, even in that early stage, it was clear to many of those involved in the technical developments and in early clinical evaluations that subtraction was only one of many features that would motivate the change from traditional film technique…

medicine.diagnostic_testImage processorbusiness.industryComputer scienceSubtractionImage intensifierDigital subtraction angiographyImage enhancementBottlenecklaw.inventionlawmedicineComputer visionArtificial intelligenceAngiocardiographybusinessDigital angiographySimulation
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Multi axis representation and Euclidean distance of muscle fatigue indexes during evoked contractions

2014

International audience; In this article, we proposed a new representation of muscular fatigue during evoked muscle contractions based on fatigue indexes such as peak to peak amplitude, RMS of the M wave, mean and median frequency and fatigue index calculated from continuous wavelet transform (I CWT). These new representations of muscle fatigue using multi axis represented and Euclidean distance give better insights on changes in physiological characteristics during muscle fatigue. This technique provides a fatigue index using several muscle characteristics. The use of other kinds of fatigue characteristics as force could also be possible.

medicine.diagnostic_testMuscle fatigueSpeech recognitionMulti axis0206 medical engineeringMathematical analysis02 engineering and technologyElectromyography[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing020601 biomedical engineering[ SPI.TRON ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsEuclidean distance03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAmplitudeMuscular fatiguemedicineRepresentation (mathematics)[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing030217 neurology & neurosurgeryContinuous wavelet transform[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingMathematics
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Kinetic analysis of functional images: The case for a practical approach to performance prediction

1999

We present the first parallel medical application for the analysis of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) images together with a practical performance model. The parallel application may improve the diagnosis for a patient (e. g. in epilepsy surgery) because it enables the fast computation of parametric images on a pixed level as opposed to the traditionally used region of interest (ROI) approach which is applied to determine an average parametric value for a particular anatomic region of the brain. We derive the performance model from the application context and show its relation to abstract machine models. We demonstrate the accuracy of the model to predict the runtime of the appli…

medicine.diagnostic_testRelation (database)Computer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONFunctional imagingPositron emission tomographyRegion of interestPerformance predictionmedicineArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmParametric statistics
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Clustering Algorithms for MRI

1991

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a relevant role in the design of systems for computer assisted diagnosis. MR-images are multi-dimensional in nature; physicians have to combine several perceptual information images to perform the tissue classification needed for diagnosis. Automatic clustering methods help to discriminate relevant features and to perform a preliminary segmentation of the image; it can guide the final manual classification of body-tissues. Three clustering techniques and their integration in a MRI-system are described. Their performance and accuracy was evaluated on synthetic and real image-data. A comparison of our approach with the tissue-classification done by a rad…

medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONPattern recognitionMagnetic resonance imagingImage (mathematics)ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONmedicineSegmentationArtificial intelligenceCluster analysisbusinessPerceptual information
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Digital Acquisition and Processing of Video Angiocardiograms

1986

Angiocardiographic diagnosis is still mainly based on the visual assessment of radiographic projection images recorded on photographic film. Considerable amounts of contrast material have to be selectively injected into the circulation in order to make the regions of diagnostic relevance visible in the superposition of the shadows of tissue and bone structures displayed in these transmission images. In addition, selective angiocardiography requires exact positioning of the catheter, a time-consuming procedure which is not without risk. The processing of the angiographie films obtained is difficult to maintain at a constant high quality level, and this introduces an disadvantageous delay bet…

medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputer scienceInterface (computing)media_common.quotation_subjectImage processingTransmission (telecommunications)Optical transfer functionDigital image processingmedicineContrast (vision)Computer visionAngiocardiographyArtificial intelligenceProjection (set theory)businessmedia_common
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Increasing Stability of EEG Components Extraction Using Sparsity Regularized Tensor Decomposition

2018

Tensor decomposition has been widely employed for EEG signal processing in recent years. Constrained and regularized tensor decomposition often attains more meaningful and interpretable results. In this study, we applied sparse nonnegative CANDECOMP/PARAFAC tensor decomposition to ongoing EEG data under naturalistic music stimulus. Interesting temporal, spectral and spatial components highly related with music features were extracted. We explored the ongoing EEG decomposition results and properties in a wide range of sparsity levels, and proposed a paradigm to select reasonable sparsity regularization parameters. The stability of interesting components extraction from fourteen subjects’ dat…

medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputer sciencePattern recognition02 engineering and technologyElectroencephalographystability analysisRegularization (mathematics)ongoing EEG03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinetensor decomposition0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineTensor decompositionsparse regularization020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerynonnegative constraints
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