Search results for "immunoglobulin"
showing 10 items of 841 documents
The effect of treatment with omalizumab, an anti-IgE antibody, on asthma exacerbations and emergency medical visits in patients with severe persisten…
2005
Background: Patients with severe persistent asthma who are inadequately controlled despite treatment according to current asthma management guidelines have a significant unmet medical need. Such patients are at high risk of serious exacerbations and asthma-related mortality. Methods: Here, we pooled data from seven studies to determine the effect of omalizumab, an anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibody, on asthma exacerbations in patients with severe persistent asthma. Omalizumab was added to current asthma therapy and compared with placebo (in five double-blind studies) or with current asthma therapy alone (in two open-label studies). The studies included 4308 patients (2511 tre…
Autoantibody depletion ameliorates disease in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
2013
Much data support a role for central nervous system antigen-specific antibodies in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The effects of inducing a decrease in (auto)antibody levels on MS or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) through specific blockade of FcRn, however, remain unexplored. We recently developed engineered antibodies that lower endogenous IgG levels by competing for binding to FcRn. These Abdegs ("antibodies that enhance IgG degradation") can be used to directly assess the effect of decreased antibody levels in inflammatory diseases. In the current study, we show that Abdeg delivery ameliorates disease in an EAE model that is antibody dependent. Abdegs could…
Analytical Performance and Validation of a Bioassay for Thyroid-Blocking Antibodies
2016
A cell-based bioassay for the measurement of thyroid blocking autoantibodies (TBAb) has been recently reported. The analytical performance and validation of this bioassay is assessed and described.Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing a chimeric thyrotropin receptor were treated with bovine (b) TSH and different concentrations of an immunoglobulin G (IgG) monoclonal human TBAb (K1-70). TBAb was measured as a function of luciferase activity relative to bTSH alone and expressed as percent inhibition. Results obtained in the chimeric cell line were compared with those of a wild-type cell line. Analytical performance studies were subsequently performed with the chimeric cell line only.Immunode…
Identification of the dynein light chains required for human papillomavirus infection
2010
Summary Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a family of small non-enveloped DNA viruses. Some genital HPV types, including HPV type 16 (HPV16), are the causative agent for the development of cancer at the site of infection. HPVs encode two capsid proteins, L1 and L2. After endocytic cell entry and egress from endosomes, L2 accompanies the viral DNA to the nucleus where replication is initiated. For cytoplasmic transport, L2 interacts with the microtubule network via the motor protein complex dynein. We have performed yeast two-hybrid screening and identified the dynein light chain DYNLT1 (previously called Tctex1) as interaction partner of HPV16 L2. Using co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluo…
Antibodies to proteinase 3 increase adhesion of neutrophils to human endothelial cells
1993
SUMMARY The detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), especially those with specificity for proteinase 3, is important in the diagnosis and in monitoring disease activity of Wegener's granulomatosis and related vasculitides. An ubiquitous feature of all ANCA-associated acute vascular injury is lytic necrosis. Adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium is a fundamental early step of the inflammatory response. Recently we were able to show that ANCA recognize their target antigen (proteinase 3) translocated into the membrane of human endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ANCA on the adhesion of neutrophils to human endothelial cells. Incubatio…
[Diagnosis in pediatric "allergic" patients].
1998
Background. A clinician who deals with allergic patients needs the help of in vivo and in vitro allergometric tests in order to decide difficult therapeutic choices. Methods. In the section of Clinical Immunology of the Institute of Paediatrics (Palermo University) two allergologic tests, prick and MAST-CIA, have been studied retrospectively, they were performed on patients observed for allergic disorders over 5 years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of these tests "on the field". The study population is made of 459 patients (age range from 6 months to 16 years) affected with asthma, rhinitis, presumably allergic dermatitis, association of asthma and dermatitis…
TGF-beta regulates airway responses via T cells.
2003
Abstract Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and a Th2-type cytokine profile favoring IgE production. Beneficial effects of TGF-β and conflicting results regarding the role of Th1 cytokines have been reported from murine asthma models. In this study, we examined the T cell as a target cell of TGF-β-mediated immune regulation in a mouse model of asthma. We demonstrate that impairment of TGF-β signaling in T cells of transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative TGF-β type II receptor leads to a decrease in airway reactivity in a non-Ag-dependent model. Increased serum levels of IFN-γ can be detected in these animals. In contrast, after injection of OVA …
Crucial role of aspartic acid at position 265 in the CH2 domain for murine IgG2a and IgG2b Fc-associated effector functions.
2008
Abstract Replacement of aspartic acid by alanine at position 265 (D265A) in mouse IgG1 results in a complete loss of interaction between this isotype and low-affinity IgG Fc receptors (FcγRIIB and FcγRIII). However, it has not yet been defined whether the D265A substitution could exhibit similar effects on the interaction with two other FcγR (FcγRI and FcγRIV) and on the activation of complement. To address this question, 34-3C anti-RBC IgG2a and IgG2b switch variants bearing the D265A mutation were generated, and their effector functions and in vivo pathogenicity were compared with those of the respective wild-type Abs. The introduction of the D265A mutation almost completely abolished the…
Construction of an agglutination tool: recombinant Fab fragments biotinylated in vitro.
2009
The pComb3H vector system is used for constructing and panning recombinant antibody libraries. It allows for expression of monovalent Fab fragments, either on the surface of M13 phage, or in the form of soluble proteins secreted into the periplasmic space of bacteria. We constructed a modified pComb3H vector containing cDNA encoding for a 23-amino acid fragment of the Escherichia coli biotin carboxy carrier protein (BCCP), which is an acceptor sequence for biotinylation. The vector was used to express the Fab fragment recognizing human glycophorin A. The purified Fab fragment containing this biotin acceptor sequence was effectively biotinylated in vitro using biotin ligase (BirA). The speci…
Physicochemical characterization of the fifth (C5), sixth (C6), seventh (C7), eighth (C8) and ninth (C9) component of guinea pig complement.
1971
A physicochemical characterization of the purified guinea pig complement components C5 to C9 is given. For this purpose the sedimentation rate, the diffusion coefficient, the molecular weight and the isoelectric point were determined and compared with the values already known for the guinea pig and human complement system. For the determination of the physicochemical parameters gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, ultracentrifugation applying a sucrose density gradient and thin-layer isoelectric focusing were used. By comparing the values of the human and guinea pig complement a remarkable similarity is shown.